Commensalism is a relationship where one species benefits while the other is neither harmed nor helped. Examples include clownfish living among anemone tentacles for protection from predators, and birds eating insects near grazing animals. Parasitism is a harmful relationship where one organism, usually physically smaller, benefits by living on or in the host organism. Examples include ticks and fleas drinking blood, and vines growing on trees. Mutualism benefits both species, such as flowers and pollinators, and algae and fungi in lichens. Predation is when one organism eats another, such as herbivores eating plants and carnivores eating animals.
Ecological Interactions - Mutualism, Commensalism & NeutralismRahul M. Prathap
Ecological interactions are the effects an organism have on another in an ecosystem. This slide describes Mutualism, Commensalism and Neutralism with examples.
This presentation summarizes the major concepts about interactions of organisms while highlighting the ecosystem, competition, symbiosis and the ecological niche.
Ecological Interactions - Mutualism, Commensalism & NeutralismRahul M. Prathap
Ecological interactions are the effects an organism have on another in an ecosystem. This slide describes Mutualism, Commensalism and Neutralism with examples.
This presentation summarizes the major concepts about interactions of organisms while highlighting the ecosystem, competition, symbiosis and the ecological niche.
Predation: What would happen to all the energy fixed by
autotrophic organisms if the community has no animals to eat the
plants? You can think of predation as nature’s way of transferring
to higher trophic levels the energy fixed by plants. When we think
of predator and prey, most probably it is the tiger and the deer that
readily come to our mind, but a sparrow eating any seed is no less
a predator. Although animals eating plants are categorised
separately as herbivores
Predation: What would happen to all the energy fixed by
autotrophic organisms if the community has no animals to eat the
plants? You can think of predation as nature’s way of transferring
to higher trophic levels the energy fixed by plants. When we think
of predator and prey, most probably it is the tiger and the deer that
readily come to our mind, but a sparrow eating any seed is no less
a predator. Although animals eating plants are categorised
separately as herbivores
Ecological interactions form the backbone of an ecosystem. It helps in maintaining the
dynamic equilibrium of an ecosystem. All organisms are linked to at least one other species in a
variety of critical ways, for example, as predators or prey, or as pollinators or seed dispersers with the
result that each species is embedded in a complex network of interactions. Consequently, the
extinction of one species can lead to a cascade of secondary extinctions in ecological networks.
Moreover, interactions between species can lead to ‘community closure’ after the loss of a species,
with the result that a locally extinct species cannot re-establish itself if it is reintroduced. Many
ecological interactions involve flagship species and keystone species as in the case of Macaca
silenus & Cullenia exarillata. Then some interactions like mycorrhiza help in nitrogen fixation.
Strategies like predation reduce the loss of vegetation through grazing. Interaction can be either intraspecific or interspecific. Interactions between individuals of the same species
and those between individuals of different species are called intra- & interspecific interactions.
respectively. The lichen serves as an example of interspecific interaction and dog fighting.
for a common prey for intraspecific interaction.
Community
all the organisms that live together in a place
Community Ecology
study of interactions among all -populations in a common environment
In what ways do populations interact?
Community – all the organisms that live together in one place
Community ecology – study of interactions among all populations in a common environment.
Interspecific interactions – among individuals of the different species.
Intraspecific interactions – among individuals of the same species.
Species Interaction…
-A traditional approach to population interactions has been to consider the direct pair-wise interactions.
Community Ecology is the study of interactions among all populations in a common environment.
Species Interaction is a traditional approach to population interactions has been to consider the direct pair wise interactions.
Two populations may or may not affect each other; if they do, the influence may be beneficial or adverse
Types of Population Relationships:
Interspecific interactions:
Competition and Coexistence
Predation
Mutualism
Commensalism
Intraspecific Interactions
Grasshoppers provide an animal example. Individual grasshoppers deprive their fellow conspecifics of food (exploitation competition).
It is probably a major factor involved in the evolution of plumage patterns in birds.
during intraspecific competition, animals will use whatever weapons are available to them and this makes it likely that the nature of the weapons determines the nature and location of patterns.
Insect order collembola are also known as Springtails. here the detail about this order mentioned like what are its families and what are its economic importances.
Neuro-symbolic is not enough, we need neuro-*semantic*Frank van Harmelen
Neuro-symbolic (NeSy) AI is on the rise. However, simply machine learning on just any symbolic structure is not sufficient to really harvest the gains of NeSy. These will only be gained when the symbolic structures have an actual semantics. I give an operational definition of semantics as “predictable inference”.
All of this illustrated with link prediction over knowledge graphs, but the argument is general.
Key Trends Shaping the Future of Infrastructure.pdfCheryl Hung
Keynote at DIGIT West Expo, Glasgow on 29 May 2024.
Cheryl Hung, ochery.com
Sr Director, Infrastructure Ecosystem, Arm.
The key trends across hardware, cloud and open-source; exploring how these areas are likely to mature and develop over the short and long-term, and then considering how organisations can position themselves to adapt and thrive.
Software Delivery At the Speed of AI: Inflectra Invests In AI-Powered QualityInflectra
In this insightful webinar, Inflectra explores how artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming software development and testing. Discover how AI-powered tools are revolutionizing every stage of the software development lifecycle (SDLC), from design and prototyping to testing, deployment, and monitoring.
Learn about:
• The Future of Testing: How AI is shifting testing towards verification, analysis, and higher-level skills, while reducing repetitive tasks.
• Test Automation: How AI-powered test case generation, optimization, and self-healing tests are making testing more efficient and effective.
• Visual Testing: Explore the emerging capabilities of AI in visual testing and how it's set to revolutionize UI verification.
• Inflectra's AI Solutions: See demonstrations of Inflectra's cutting-edge AI tools like the ChatGPT plugin and Azure Open AI platform, designed to streamline your testing process.
Whether you're a developer, tester, or QA professional, this webinar will give you valuable insights into how AI is shaping the future of software delivery.
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
Securing your Kubernetes cluster_ a step-by-step guide to success !KatiaHIMEUR1
Today, after several years of existence, an extremely active community and an ultra-dynamic ecosystem, Kubernetes has established itself as the de facto standard in container orchestration. Thanks to a wide range of managed services, it has never been so easy to set up a ready-to-use Kubernetes cluster.
However, this ease of use means that the subject of security in Kubernetes is often left for later, or even neglected. This exposes companies to significant risks.
In this talk, I'll show you step-by-step how to secure your Kubernetes cluster for greater peace of mind and reliability.
Connector Corner: Automate dynamic content and events by pushing a buttonDianaGray10
Here is something new! In our next Connector Corner webinar, we will demonstrate how you can use a single workflow to:
Create a campaign using Mailchimp with merge tags/fields
Send an interactive Slack channel message (using buttons)
Have the message received by managers and peers along with a test email for review
But there’s more:
In a second workflow supporting the same use case, you’ll see:
Your campaign sent to target colleagues for approval
If the “Approve” button is clicked, a Jira/Zendesk ticket is created for the marketing design team
But—if the “Reject” button is pushed, colleagues will be alerted via Slack message
Join us to learn more about this new, human-in-the-loop capability, brought to you by Integration Service connectors.
And...
Speakers:
Akshay Agnihotri, Product Manager
Charlie Greenberg, Host
Encryption in Microsoft 365 - ExpertsLive Netherlands 2024Albert Hoitingh
In this session I delve into the encryption technology used in Microsoft 365 and Microsoft Purview. Including the concepts of Customer Key and Double Key Encryption.
Accelerate your Kubernetes clusters with Varnish CachingThijs Feryn
A presentation about the usage and availability of Varnish on Kubernetes. This talk explores the capabilities of Varnish caching and shows how to use the Varnish Helm chart to deploy it to Kubernetes.
This presentation was delivered at K8SUG Singapore. See https://feryn.eu/presentations/accelerate-your-kubernetes-clusters-with-varnish-caching-k8sug-singapore-28-2024 for more details.
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
2. Commensalism
Commensalism is a relationship between
two living organisms where one benefits
and the other is neither harmed nor
helped.
3. The clownfish lives among the forest
of tentacles of an anemone and is
protected from potential predators.
4. Some birds live among cattle to eat the
insects stirred up as they walk. One
example are egrets who hunt for
insects near a grazing animal's mouth.
5. One animal attaching itself to another
for transportation such as barnacles
attach to shells or whales or a shrimp
riding on a sea slugs.
barnacles on whale’s tail and clam shrimp riding on a sea slug
6. One species uses a second
organism for housing such as small
mammals or birds that lives in holes
in trees or orchids which live in trees.
Orchid in rainforest Venezuela