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Symbiosis_assignment_ecology1_finals.ppt
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- 2. Symbiotic Relationships Symbiotic Relationships symbiosis symbiosis - the relationship between two - the relationship between two different individual species that live together in a different individual species that live together in a close relationship (living together) close relationship (living together) The word The word symbiosis symbiosis can be broken down into can be broken down into two parts to determine its meaning two parts to determine its meaning sym sym means means together together bio bio means means life life
- 3. Types of Symbiosis Typesof Symbiosis There are There are three three types of symbiotic types of symbiotic relationships relationships Mutualism (+, +) Mutualism (+, +) Commensalism (+, 0) Commensalism (+, 0) Parasitism (+, -) Parasitism (+, -) Each relationship Each relationship can be shown using can be shown using + , - , or 0 + , - , or 0
- 4. Mutualism Mutualism mutualism mutualism- a - a relationship where relationship where both organisms both organisms benefit benefit A + / + relationship A + / + relationship Think of a normal Think of a normal friendship where friendship where both friends gain both friends gain something from the something from the friendship friendship The acacia galls are homes to stinging ants and the ants defend acacia from other insects that would harm tree leaves.
- 5. Mutualism Mutualism Flowers and theirPollinators Flowers and their Pollinators (Example: Bees and hummingbirds gather nectar and spread pollen.) (Example: Bees and hummingbirds gather nectar and spread pollen.)
- 6. Mutualism Mutualism The moray eel getsa clean mouth and the cleaner fish gets a meal.
- 7. Mutualism Mutualism Birds and mammalseat berries and Birds and mammals eat berries and fruits while the plant benefits by fruits while the plant benefits by the dispersal of it seeds. the dispersal of it seeds.
- 8. The oxbird gets ridof the parasites on the antelope and allows the oxbird to have a meal. Mutualism Mutualism
- 9. Mutualism Mutualism Cleaners eat insectpests from the Cleaners eat insect pests from the skin of animals. skin of animals.
- 10. Mutualism Mutualism Algae and Fungi(Lichen) - Alga Algae and Fungi (Lichen) - Alga gets water and nutrients from gets water and nutrients from the fungus and the fungus gets the fungus and the fungus gets food from the algae. food from the algae.
- 11. Mutualism Mutualism Many herbivores suchas cows, sheep, Many herbivores such as cows, sheep, deer, horses and rabbits depend on deer, horses and rabbits depend on bacteria that live in their stomachs to bacteria that live in their stomachs to break down the plant material. break down the plant material.
- 12. Mutualism Mutualism The corals getfood and the The corals get food and the algae are protected. algae are protected.
- 13. Commensalism Commensalism commensalism commensalism –a – a relationship where one relationship where one species benefits while the species benefits while the other species remains other species remains unaffected unaffected A + / 0 relationship A + / 0 relationship Think of a friendship Think of a friendship where one of the friends where one of the friends benefits while the other benefits while the other doesn’t change doesn’t change Barnacles adhering to the skin of a whale
- 14. Commensalism Commensalism One species usesa second organism One species uses a second organism for housing such as small mammals for housing such as small mammals or birds that lives in holes in trees or or birds that lives in holes in trees or orchids which live in trees. orchids which live in trees. Orchid in rainforest Venezuela
- 15. Cattle stir up insects asthey eat grass and the egrets hang around and eat insects. Commensalism Commensalism
- 16. Commensalism Commensalism Clown fish get their protection fromthe sea anemone and the anemone is unaffected.
- 17. Commensalism Commensalism Shark eats and the remora getsthe scraps left by the shark.
- 18. Parasitism Parasitism parasitism parasitism –a relationship – a relationship where one organism where one organism benefits (parasite) while the benefits (parasite) while the species it depends on (host) species it depends on (host) is harmed is harmed host host – an organism on – an organism on which a parasite lives which a parasite lives A + / - relationship A + / - relationship Think of a friendship where Think of a friendship where you might feel used by your you might feel used by your friend friend Parasitic isopod on fish
- 19. Parasitism Parasitism Ticks and fleasthat live in a host Ticks and fleas that live in a host animal's fur bite the animal and animal's fur bite the animal and drink its blood are parasites. drink its blood are parasites.
- 20. Parasitism Parasitism Mistletoe takes moisture and nutrientsfrom the plant while the woody plant has to support itself and the mistletoe.
- 21. Parasitism Parasitism Insects such asmosquitoes Insects such as mosquitoes feeding on a host are parasites. feeding on a host are parasites.
- 22. The tick eats the bloodof a human and the human receives Lyme disease from the tick. Parasitism Parasitism
- 23. Parasitism Parasitism Vines such asKudzu growing on Trees Vines such as Kudzu growing on Trees
- 24. Parasitism Parasitism Tomato Hornworm withWasp Eggs Tomato Hornworm with Wasp Eggs
- 25. Parasitism Parasitism The tapeworm attachesitself to the intestines of a dog and the tapeworm takes nutrients from the dog.
- 26. Parasitism Parasitism Tapeworm or Hookwormsliving in Tapeworm or Hookworms living in Host's Gut Host's Gut
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