This document is a literature survey report on the extraction of guava leaves submitted by Debashish Bala for their B-Pharm degree. It introduces guava leaves and their various medicinal properties. It then describes different extraction techniques used to separate active compounds from plant materials like maceration, infusion, percolation, and Soxhlet extraction. The literature review section summarizes several research papers on guava leaf extraction published between 2008-2019. The report concludes that guava leaves are a very useful natural medicine with many pharmacological actions and researchers continue to study guava leaf extracts.
Evaluation of in vitro antibacterial activity of Caralluma lasiantha for scie...Ratnakaram Venkata Nadh
Caralluma lasiantha is used as a traditional medicine in India to heal body
heat and inflammations. In order to find out a scientific validation for the Indian
traditional knowledge, antibacterial activity of C. lasiantha extracts was studied
against inflammation causing bacteria (viz., Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli,
Streptococcus Sp., Bacillus subtilis, Enterobacter aerogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae)
along with other Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Solvents with different
polarity were used for extraction from dry roots and stems. Minimum inhibitory
concentrations (MIC) were also studied. Differential antibacterial activity was
exhibited by extracts and higher inhibition potential against Gram-positive bacteria
was explained. The observed antibacterial activities were correlated with the chemical
structures of phytochemicals present in C. lasiantha. Anti-inflammation activities
are related to C. lasiantha extracts through their antibacterial activities.
In vitro organogenesis protocol for Rauvolfia serpentina - an endangered medi...researchplantsciences
Rauvolfia serpentina commonly known as sarpagandha is a pharmacologically important medicinal plant containing numerous alkaloids with antibacterial, antidysentric and antidotal properties. The present study reports an efficient in vitro regeneration protocol by using nodal explants for this species. The sterilization technique was first standardized using ethyl alcohol, mercuric chloride and sodium hypochlorite with hot water and without hot water treatment. 100% aseptic culture was obtained when the explants were treated with hot water (at 500 C for 10 minutes) and 0.1% mercuric chloride. The aseptic cultures were inoculated in to culture medium with different concentrations of growth regulators. Higher explants response (78.33%) and higher multiple shoot formation from Rauvolfia serpentina nodal explants was observed in the medium supplemented with BAP (1mg/l) + KIN (1mg/l) + GA3 (0.5mg/l).
Article Citation:
Singh K and Dash M.
In vitro organogenesis protocol for Rauvolfia serpentina - an endangered medicinal plant.
Journal of Research in Plant Sciences (2012) 1(1): 083-088.
Full Text:
http://plantsciences.co.in/documents/PS0028.pdf
A large percentage of plants used in Ayurvedic practices and herbal medicines are subjected to controversy. Controversial drugs or Sandigdha Dravyas is term used for medicinal plants having controversial botanical sources due to polynomial nomenclature system of Sanskrit, non availability of plants and parallel evolved knowledge.
Adulterants and Substitutes are the common practices in herbal raw material trade. Adulteration is a debasement of article intentionally for commercial purpose or accidentally due to lack of knowledge of identification and proper collection.
Substitution is a replacement of equivalent drugs in place of original drugs on the basis of similar Rasa, Guna, Veerya, Vipak and mostly on Karma.
ABSTRACT- Medicinal Plants have been practiced for hundreds of centuries by tribes all over the world. From the earliest times until the end of nineteenth century plants are still the common source of medicinal treatment yet. Using natural, plant-derived medicines that are “healthier” then prescription drugs derived from synthesized products is something that appeals to consumers. The medicinal plants are of great importance because there are utilized as medicines. Aim of this research work was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of Skimmia laureola plant against various patho-genic strains of bacteria. The hot and cold water extract of Skimmia laureola were used against four bacterial strains Escherichia coli,Bacillus subti-lus, Staphylococcusaureus and Proteus mirabilis in order to check the antibacterial activity of Skimmia laureola. Antibacterial activity was conducted by agar well diffusion method. The Skimmia laureola showed different level of antibacterial activity. The hot and cold water extract of Skimmia lau-reola showed antibacterial activity against the micro-organism but not too maximum. Keywords: Medicinal Plants, Skimmia Laureola, Antibacterial Activity.
Medicinal value of plant Juglans regia including its nomenclature, habit and habitat, cultivation and collection, Macro and Microscopic characteristics, phytochemical constituents and its pharmacological action.
Evaluation of in vitro antibacterial activity of Caralluma lasiantha for scie...Ratnakaram Venkata Nadh
Caralluma lasiantha is used as a traditional medicine in India to heal body
heat and inflammations. In order to find out a scientific validation for the Indian
traditional knowledge, antibacterial activity of C. lasiantha extracts was studied
against inflammation causing bacteria (viz., Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli,
Streptococcus Sp., Bacillus subtilis, Enterobacter aerogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae)
along with other Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Solvents with different
polarity were used for extraction from dry roots and stems. Minimum inhibitory
concentrations (MIC) were also studied. Differential antibacterial activity was
exhibited by extracts and higher inhibition potential against Gram-positive bacteria
was explained. The observed antibacterial activities were correlated with the chemical
structures of phytochemicals present in C. lasiantha. Anti-inflammation activities
are related to C. lasiantha extracts through their antibacterial activities.
In vitro organogenesis protocol for Rauvolfia serpentina - an endangered medi...researchplantsciences
Rauvolfia serpentina commonly known as sarpagandha is a pharmacologically important medicinal plant containing numerous alkaloids with antibacterial, antidysentric and antidotal properties. The present study reports an efficient in vitro regeneration protocol by using nodal explants for this species. The sterilization technique was first standardized using ethyl alcohol, mercuric chloride and sodium hypochlorite with hot water and without hot water treatment. 100% aseptic culture was obtained when the explants were treated with hot water (at 500 C for 10 minutes) and 0.1% mercuric chloride. The aseptic cultures were inoculated in to culture medium with different concentrations of growth regulators. Higher explants response (78.33%) and higher multiple shoot formation from Rauvolfia serpentina nodal explants was observed in the medium supplemented with BAP (1mg/l) + KIN (1mg/l) + GA3 (0.5mg/l).
Article Citation:
Singh K and Dash M.
In vitro organogenesis protocol for Rauvolfia serpentina - an endangered medicinal plant.
Journal of Research in Plant Sciences (2012) 1(1): 083-088.
Full Text:
http://plantsciences.co.in/documents/PS0028.pdf
A large percentage of plants used in Ayurvedic practices and herbal medicines are subjected to controversy. Controversial drugs or Sandigdha Dravyas is term used for medicinal plants having controversial botanical sources due to polynomial nomenclature system of Sanskrit, non availability of plants and parallel evolved knowledge.
Adulterants and Substitutes are the common practices in herbal raw material trade. Adulteration is a debasement of article intentionally for commercial purpose or accidentally due to lack of knowledge of identification and proper collection.
Substitution is a replacement of equivalent drugs in place of original drugs on the basis of similar Rasa, Guna, Veerya, Vipak and mostly on Karma.
ABSTRACT- Medicinal Plants have been practiced for hundreds of centuries by tribes all over the world. From the earliest times until the end of nineteenth century plants are still the common source of medicinal treatment yet. Using natural, plant-derived medicines that are “healthier” then prescription drugs derived from synthesized products is something that appeals to consumers. The medicinal plants are of great importance because there are utilized as medicines. Aim of this research work was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of Skimmia laureola plant against various patho-genic strains of bacteria. The hot and cold water extract of Skimmia laureola were used against four bacterial strains Escherichia coli,Bacillus subti-lus, Staphylococcusaureus and Proteus mirabilis in order to check the antibacterial activity of Skimmia laureola. Antibacterial activity was conducted by agar well diffusion method. The Skimmia laureola showed different level of antibacterial activity. The hot and cold water extract of Skimmia lau-reola showed antibacterial activity against the micro-organism but not too maximum. Keywords: Medicinal Plants, Skimmia Laureola, Antibacterial Activity.
Medicinal value of plant Juglans regia including its nomenclature, habit and habitat, cultivation and collection, Macro and Microscopic characteristics, phytochemical constituents and its pharmacological action.
It is power point presentation on a medical plant Tinospora cordifolia for Bsc botany 1st year students itis the total overview on this plant. I hope it may fulfill your needs.
Medicinal properties of plant terminalia bellerica(barro) which have
contain different chemical constituent and having differnt biological activity like Analgesic activity,Anti diarrhoeal activity, Antioxidant activity, Antihypertensive effect, Anti salmonella activity, Anti- Spasmodic and, Bronchodilatory properties, Anti-micobial activity, Antimicrobial and Toxicity studies, Wound healing activity
Medicinal value of Urtica dioica
Contents
Nomenclature
Biological source
Habbitat
cultivation and collection
chemical constituent
Pharmacological action including antioxidant, Anti-helmintic, Anti-diabetic, antiviral, hepatoprotective, anti-bacterial.
GC-MS Analysis of Bio-Active Compounds in Aqueous Extract of Boerhaavia Diffu...ijtsrd
Medicinal plants have had a crucial role in human culture and civilization. The present study deals with the Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy analysis of Boerhaavia diffusa, Euphorbia hirta and Amaranthus polygonoides, which have various medicinal properties. The aim of this study was to investigate and characterize the chemical composition of the different crude aqueous extracts of these plant samples using PerkinElmer Gas Chromatography'Mass Spectrometry. Our results show that the compounds in the extract revealed by GC MS were the same as recorded in the National Institute of Standards and Technology NIST library. The identity and quantity of the measured active compounds was correlated with the expected therapeutic effects. The content of active principles was determined. The quantity of the active principles in the plants was also determined. R. Ezhilarasi | Dr. B. Senthilkumar | Dr. K. Devi "GC-MS Analysis of Bio-Active Compounds in Aqueous Extract of Boerhaavia Diffusa, Euphorbia Hirta and Amaranthus Polygonoides" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-1 , December 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29436.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/zoology/29436/gc-ms-analysis-of-bio-active-compounds-in-aqueous-extract-of-boerhaavia-diffusa-euphorbia-hirta-and-amaranthus-polygonoides/r-ezhilarasi
Medicinal value of plant Crataeva nurvala including its nomenclature, habit and habitat, cultivation and collection, Macro and Microscopic characteristics, phytochemical constituents and its pharmacological action.
Assessment of Bioactive Activity of Blackberry Seed Extractijtsrd
The aim of this study was to determine the bioactive activity of the blackberry (Rubus laciniatus) seed extracts. Total phenolic and total antioxidant activity of blackberry seed extracts were assessed with respect to two extracting solvents (absolute ethanol and absolute acetone) and two extracting techniques (hot extraction at 40°C and cold extraction at 26°C). Proximate analysis showed that blackberry seeds contained 12.12% moisture, 8.00% protein, 0.74% fat, 2.15% ash and 76.99% total carbohydrate. The antioxidant activities of blackberry seeds were determined by evaluating total phenolic activity by gallic acid equivalent (GAE), total antioxidant capacity by ascorbic acid equivalent (AAE) content and ferric reducing powder assay. The tested sample showed variable amount of total phenolic content (33.21-56.56 mg GAEg of dry extract), total antioxidant capacity (75.46-82.42 AAEg) and reducing power (0.23-0.26) depending on different extraction techniques and solvents used. Higher amount of extract, total antioxidant capacity and reducing power were obtained for hot extraction technique. As compared to cold extraction technique, higher extract yields (7.48% vs 7.19% for ethanol and 4.35% vs 4.28% for acetone) and other properties were obtained by hot extraction for a given solvent. Ethanol extract with hot extraction technique gave total phenolic content as 56.56 mg GAEg of dry extract, total antioxidant capacity as 82.42 AAEg and reducing power as 0.26 at extract concentration of 250 µgml. The overall observations of the present experiment indicated that hot ethanol extract of blackberry seeds have strong antioxidant property and bioactive activity. Sajeda Begum | Pabitra Chandra Das | Md. Nur Hossain | Abdullah Iqbal"Assessment of Bioactive Activity of Blackberry Seed Extract" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-5 , August 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd15947.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/food-engineering/15947/assessment-of-bioactive-activity-of-blackberry-seed-extract/sajeda-begum
Formulation and evaluation of couroupita guianensis and it's botanical authen...pawardarshan202122
This ppt is about the canaball tree i.e Kailash pati plant .which is very rearliy avilable. It's a medicinal plant and have a so many pharmaceutical or medicinal value. The ppt is on its wound healing properties
Antibacterial activity of naturally obtained plant that gives a antibacterial activity and some anti malarial activity functions also.This plant majorly seen in hills areas.
The IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR) is an open access online & offline peer reviewed international journal, which publishes innovative research papers, reviews, mini-reviews, short communications and notes dealing with Pharmaceutical Sciences( Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmaceutics, Biopharmaceutics, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics and Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Interest........more details on Aim & Scope).
All manuscripts are subject to rapid peer review. Those of high quality (not previously published and not under consideration for publication in another journal) will be published without delay.
It is power point presentation on a medical plant Tinospora cordifolia for Bsc botany 1st year students itis the total overview on this plant. I hope it may fulfill your needs.
Medicinal properties of plant terminalia bellerica(barro) which have
contain different chemical constituent and having differnt biological activity like Analgesic activity,Anti diarrhoeal activity, Antioxidant activity, Antihypertensive effect, Anti salmonella activity, Anti- Spasmodic and, Bronchodilatory properties, Anti-micobial activity, Antimicrobial and Toxicity studies, Wound healing activity
Medicinal value of Urtica dioica
Contents
Nomenclature
Biological source
Habbitat
cultivation and collection
chemical constituent
Pharmacological action including antioxidant, Anti-helmintic, Anti-diabetic, antiviral, hepatoprotective, anti-bacterial.
GC-MS Analysis of Bio-Active Compounds in Aqueous Extract of Boerhaavia Diffu...ijtsrd
Medicinal plants have had a crucial role in human culture and civilization. The present study deals with the Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy analysis of Boerhaavia diffusa, Euphorbia hirta and Amaranthus polygonoides, which have various medicinal properties. The aim of this study was to investigate and characterize the chemical composition of the different crude aqueous extracts of these plant samples using PerkinElmer Gas Chromatography'Mass Spectrometry. Our results show that the compounds in the extract revealed by GC MS were the same as recorded in the National Institute of Standards and Technology NIST library. The identity and quantity of the measured active compounds was correlated with the expected therapeutic effects. The content of active principles was determined. The quantity of the active principles in the plants was also determined. R. Ezhilarasi | Dr. B. Senthilkumar | Dr. K. Devi "GC-MS Analysis of Bio-Active Compounds in Aqueous Extract of Boerhaavia Diffusa, Euphorbia Hirta and Amaranthus Polygonoides" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-1 , December 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29436.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/zoology/29436/gc-ms-analysis-of-bio-active-compounds-in-aqueous-extract-of-boerhaavia-diffusa-euphorbia-hirta-and-amaranthus-polygonoides/r-ezhilarasi
Medicinal value of plant Crataeva nurvala including its nomenclature, habit and habitat, cultivation and collection, Macro and Microscopic characteristics, phytochemical constituents and its pharmacological action.
Assessment of Bioactive Activity of Blackberry Seed Extractijtsrd
The aim of this study was to determine the bioactive activity of the blackberry (Rubus laciniatus) seed extracts. Total phenolic and total antioxidant activity of blackberry seed extracts were assessed with respect to two extracting solvents (absolute ethanol and absolute acetone) and two extracting techniques (hot extraction at 40°C and cold extraction at 26°C). Proximate analysis showed that blackberry seeds contained 12.12% moisture, 8.00% protein, 0.74% fat, 2.15% ash and 76.99% total carbohydrate. The antioxidant activities of blackberry seeds were determined by evaluating total phenolic activity by gallic acid equivalent (GAE), total antioxidant capacity by ascorbic acid equivalent (AAE) content and ferric reducing powder assay. The tested sample showed variable amount of total phenolic content (33.21-56.56 mg GAEg of dry extract), total antioxidant capacity (75.46-82.42 AAEg) and reducing power (0.23-0.26) depending on different extraction techniques and solvents used. Higher amount of extract, total antioxidant capacity and reducing power were obtained for hot extraction technique. As compared to cold extraction technique, higher extract yields (7.48% vs 7.19% for ethanol and 4.35% vs 4.28% for acetone) and other properties were obtained by hot extraction for a given solvent. Ethanol extract with hot extraction technique gave total phenolic content as 56.56 mg GAEg of dry extract, total antioxidant capacity as 82.42 AAEg and reducing power as 0.26 at extract concentration of 250 µgml. The overall observations of the present experiment indicated that hot ethanol extract of blackberry seeds have strong antioxidant property and bioactive activity. Sajeda Begum | Pabitra Chandra Das | Md. Nur Hossain | Abdullah Iqbal"Assessment of Bioactive Activity of Blackberry Seed Extract" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-5 , August 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd15947.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/food-engineering/15947/assessment-of-bioactive-activity-of-blackberry-seed-extract/sajeda-begum
Formulation and evaluation of couroupita guianensis and it's botanical authen...pawardarshan202122
This ppt is about the canaball tree i.e Kailash pati plant .which is very rearliy avilable. It's a medicinal plant and have a so many pharmaceutical or medicinal value. The ppt is on its wound healing properties
Antibacterial activity of naturally obtained plant that gives a antibacterial activity and some anti malarial activity functions also.This plant majorly seen in hills areas.
The IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR) is an open access online & offline peer reviewed international journal, which publishes innovative research papers, reviews, mini-reviews, short communications and notes dealing with Pharmaceutical Sciences( Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmaceutics, Biopharmaceutics, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics and Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Interest........more details on Aim & Scope).
All manuscripts are subject to rapid peer review. Those of high quality (not previously published and not under consideration for publication in another journal) will be published without delay.
In vitro evaluation of antibacterial activity of chloroform extract Andrograp...Open Access Research Paper
The study was designed to evaluate the antibacterial potential of three plants which are Andrographis paniculata, Durio zibethinus and Psidium guajava. Andrographis paniculata leaves (30mg/ml) and roots (30 mg/ml), Durio zibethinus wood bark (10mg/ml), and Psidium guajava leaves (15mg/ml) extract was obtained through the process called maceration, filtration, evaporation and the paste form was freshly reconstitute in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and tested against Staphylococcus aureus for Andrographis paniculata, Psidium guajava. Streptococcus agalactiae for Durio zibethinus and Psidium guajava and Escherichia coli for Durio zibethinus using Kirby Baur technique and the plates were incubated at 37 ºC. The zone of inhibition was measured after 24 hours and recorded in millimeters. The combination study was conducted using extract in combination with Penicillin G (6.25 µg/ ml) and erythromycin (15 µg/ ml; Andrographis paniculata) with the propotion of 1:1 in homogenous condition and incubated at 37 ºC for 24 hours. The zone of inhibition was measured and recorded. Mean and standard deviation was calculated. Andrographis paniculata do possesses some antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. Leaves (17.33 mm), roots (10.67 mm), erythromycin (24.00 mm), leaves and erythromycin (20.67 mm), roots and erythromycin (21.67 mm), leaves and roots (17.33 mm). Wood bark against Streptococcus agalactiae (14.67 mm), Penicillin G (14.00 mm), and combination (16.67 mm). Durio zibethinus showed antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (11.00mm) and Penicillin G (13.33 mm). Psidium guajava leaves extract were having slightly higher activity than Penicillin G and in combination activity, leaves were having a slightly higher activity than Penicillin G.
The IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR) is an open access online & offline peer reviewed international journal, which publishes innovative research papers, reviews, mini-reviews, short communications and notes dealing with Pharmaceutical Sciences( Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmaceutics, Biopharmaceutics, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics and Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Interest........more details on Aim & Scope).
All manuscripts are subject to rapid peer review. Those of high quality (not previously published and not under consideration for publication in another journal) will be published without delay.
Formulation And Evaluation of Anti-Microbial Polyherbal GelQUESTJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: The majority of the population in developing countries uses plants or plant preparations in their basic health care.Many plant species have been proved to have antimicrobial activity. Lots of the antibiotics had been at the beginningderived from micro-organisms even as the chemotherapeutic agents are from vegetation. Together with other dosagevarieties, natural drugs are additionally formulated within the type of gel. A gel is a viscous semisolidpreparation used topically on a variety of body surfaces. Thus, the main objective of the present study is to formulateand evaluate a polyherbal gel with antimicrobial activity. Gel were formulated usinghydroalcoholic extracts(by continuous hot percolation-soxhlation) ofAnacardium occidentale, Achyranthes aspera and Aegle marmelosand wereevaluated for its physicochemical properties. The hydroalcoholic extracts of the chosen plants were taken in specific ratio randomly and the antimicrobialtests of the combinations had been applied. Gel were all set making use of special concentrations of the extracts Formulations had been then tested for itsphysicochemical properties like Clogging,texture,, pH, spreadability, extrudability and gave satisfactory results. Probablythe most powerful mixture used to be then determined via evaluating the results of the zone of inhibition given throughdistinct extract ratios on S. Mutant, Proteus mirabilis,and Candida A,The entire formulations confirmed predominant recreationagainst selected species. Theformulations are found to be very efficacious in all the parameters which has conducted and alsofound enhanceantimicrobial property. Overall result of this study reveals that this is an effective polyherbal antimicrobial gel.
Evaluation of Leaf and Root Extracts of Abutilon Indicum Linn. for Antifungal...ijtsrd
Weeds are important plants and play an significant role in the field of medicine. Weeds are useless by the view of economy but many plants shows antifungal activity against the pathogenic fungi. In present study the Abutilon indicum a weed plant is evaluated for its antifungal activity against some pathogenic fungi. The effect of aqueous and ethanolic extract of leaf and root of Abutilon indicum were applied against Alternaria alternata, Trichoderma korigii, Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium spp.The extract were applied at 100 g ml 300 g ml and 500 g ml. on the fungi and the inhibition has been recorded as the diameter of mycelial growth using well diffusion method. The ethanolic leaf extract showed excellent antimycotic activity as compared to aqueous extract. Compared with control the plant extra performed better at 300 g ml. in fungi culture plates and give promising results by significantly reducing the mycelial growth. Harjinder Singh | Shyam Singh "Evaluation of Leaf and Root Extracts of Abutilon Indicum Linn. for Antifungal Activity against Some. Pathogenic Fungi" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-6 , October 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd51839.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/botany/51839/evaluation-of-leaf-and-root-extracts-of-abutilon-indicum-linn-for-antifungal-activity-against-some-pathogenic-fungi/harjinder-singh
Neem Azadirachta indica has much importance. Usefulness of neem has already mentioned in several literature. Ayurveda has mentioned its use in many disease conditions. Now public awareness for herbal products are increasing highly so it has been found demand of neem products are increasing day by day. Neem is a plant who's every parts holds multiple usage. Researcher has reported many medicinal benefits of neem. Neem is known for its anti diabetic, anti inflammatory, anti cancer effect. Neem is used in many hindu rituals. This review work represents several usage of neem which will provide a great knowledge to people and let them know about the wonder of neem. Rudra Prasad Giri | Dr. Ajit. K. Gangawane | Dr. Sucheta Ghorai Giri ""Neem the Wonder Herb: A Short Review"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23038.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/biotechnology/23038/neem-the-wonder-herb-a-short-review/rudra-prasad-giri
ABSTRACT Andrographis paniculata (A. paniculata) is an herbaceous plant has been effectively used in traditional Asian medicines for centuries. The demand for the herbal drug treatment of various ailments is increasing day by day and plant drugs from the Ayurvedic system are being explored more in India as well as globally. The aerial part of the plant is used. It contains a large number of chemical components like diterpene, diterpenoid, glycosides, flavonoids as well as flavonoid glycosides. Andrographolide has been reported to have a wide range of biological activities, such as Anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, anti-platelet aggregations, hepatoprotective and anti-HIV. A. paniculata polysaccharides combined with andrographolide can be used in the recovery of diabetic nephropathy. In addition to these activities the ethanol and an aqueous extract of A. paniculata also decrease blood glucose levels in normal rats and streptozotocin diabetic rats. Andrographolide, reacts with several inter and intracellular constituents like a bipolar compound hence ensuing in many biological responses.
Key-words: Andrographis paniculata, Andrographolide, Anti-inflammatory, Biological activities
Phytochemical studies on selected medicinal plant Gymnema sylvestre.researchplantsciences
Gymnema sylvestre R. (Br).(Asclepiadaceae) is a common medicinal plant available in Tamil Nadu is a woody, climbing plant that grows in the tropical forest of central and Southern India. It also happens to be a first-rate warrior against diabetes. The plant is called Gud-mar (Gud-Jaggery, mar-kills) in India and well known for masking sweet taste. It is reported to be effective against many chronic diseases is screened for its phytochemical content, microbial activity and anti-inflammatory activity. Extracts (Alcoholic, aqueous, acetone and hexane) from the plant is prepared and analyzed. Qualitative phytochemical tests are done to detect the presence of Carbohydrate, Alkaloid, Tannins, Phenols, Saponins, Fixed oils, Gums and Mucilage. Quantitative methods like phytochemical analysis, gravimetric estimation, RBC membrane stabilization and TLC profiles are used to determine the active principle Gymnemic acid, anti-inflammatory activity and antimicrobial activity. The results showed that the leaf extracts studied contain the bio active compounds phenols, alkaloids, tannins, saponins and Gymnemic acid. Water extract of normal var. had positive reaction for carbohydrate (Molisch reagent) hairy var. leaves had negative reaction. The presence of active phytochemical substances with antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities may provide substantial basis for the use of this plant in ethno medicine.
Article Citation:
Gnana Sangeetha D and Jegadeesan M.
Phytochemical studies on selected medicinal plant Gymnema sylvestre.
Journal of Research in Plant Sciences (2012) 1(1): 077-082.
Full Text:
http://plantsciences.co.in/documents/PS0027.pdf
A laboratory bioassay was conducted to investigate the antifeedant effect of Gomphrena serrata extracts on
sitophilus oryzae (rice weevil) belongs to the family Curculionidae. Antifeedants are natural or synthetic
compounds that stops or inhibits feeding by a pest and especially an insect. Gomphrena serrata- Amaranthacae
family comprises many species which are used in nutrition and traditional folk medicine. Study was done to
find the new active substance in the plant which could show antifeedant activity and compared with standard
Strychnos nuxvomica. The extracts of both sample and standard were obtained by cold maceration process. The
residue formed is collected and both the extracts were subjected to study the antifeedant activity. The activity is
performed by dilution method and found to be showing the antifeedant activity. The primary objective of our
work is simple and cost effective method to find out the active substance from natural resources.
Indiscriminate use of synthetic insecticides has led to problems such as the resurgence of primary pests,
secondary pest’s outbreak, resistance development, insecticide residue, health hazards, environmental
contamination and increased cost of insect control. So this study will be solution for these problems by utilizing
plant’s bioactive molecules. Plants are the most efficient producers of phytochemicals in the environment,
including secondary metabolites that are used by the plant in defence against insects. The secondary metabolites
produced from Gomphrena serrata could be utilized in the development of new biopesticides
Anti microbial activity of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of roots and leaves...SriramNagarajan19
Murraya koenigii, family Rutaceae, commonly known as Curry leaf plant is a highly valued plant for its medicinal value and characteristic aroma.The plant shows varied pharmacological activities like antimicrobial, antifungal,hypoglycemic,antiobese,antipyretic,hepatoprotective etc., The plant is a rich source of carbazole alkaloids containing mahanimbine as a major alkaloidal constituent in its major proportion which was proved by mayer’s alkaloidal test. The aqueous and ethanolic extracts of roots and leaves of the plant were screened for antimicrobial activity for Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli.The antimicrobial activity was tested by diffusion assay method in which cup plate method was chosen. The study shows that aqueous and ethanolic root and leaf extracts possess remarkable antimicrobial activity when compared with standard cephalosporin. Thus,Murraya Koenigii shows tremendous antimicrobial activity with root and leaf extracts.
Antihaemolytic, anti-lipid peroxidative potential by purified protease inhibi...Uploadworld
Protease inhibitor was isolated and purified from the fruits of Solanum aculeatissimum Jacq. (SAPI) via four sequential step procedures i.e., salt precipitation to sepharose affinity chromatography.
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Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
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Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
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Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
1. A LITERATURE SURVEY REPORT
ON
EXTRACTION OF GUAVA LEAVES
Name:- Debashish Bala
Regd. No:- 1923251001
B-Pharm, 7th Sem
Under guidance of:-
Mrs. Anjulata Manjari Sahoo
Asst. prof Department of Biotechnology
2. INTRODUCTION
The Guava tree belongs to Myrtaceae family, is a very unique and
traditional plant which is grown due to its diverse medicinal and nutritive
properties.
Guava has been grown and utilized as an important fruit in tropical areas
like India, Indonesia, Pakistan, Bangladesh and South America.
Guava leaves are dark green, elliptical, oval and characterized by their
obtuse-type apex.
Guava leaves, along with pulp and seeds, are used to treat certain
respiratory and gastrointestinal disorders.
Guava leaves are also widely used for their antispasmodic, cough sedative,
anti-inflammatory, antidiarrheic, antihypertension and antidiabetic
properties.
3. Extraction of Guava leaves
Extraction is the separation of medicinally active portions of plant tissues using
selective solvents through standard techniques.
Maceration :- It is an extractive technique that is conducted at room
temperature. It consists of immersing a plant in liquid; in order to increase
contact between the plant material being extracted and liquid(solvent), the
plant needs to be cut into small pieces.
Infusion :- It is the process of extracting chemical compounds or flavors from
material in a solvent, by allowing the material to remain suspended in the
solvent over time.
Percolation :- It is an exhaustive extraction procedure, by which all of the
soluble constituents are completely removed from a comminuted plant
material, by extracting the crude drug by fresh solvent.
Soxhlet Extraction :-The extraction solvent is continuously cycled through the
matrix, by boiling and condensation, with the sample being collected in the
hot solvent.
4. REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Authors Name Article Name Year
Suckdev Swami Handa
Dev dutt Rakesh
Extraction technology for
medicinal and aromatic plants
2008
Sarah A. Johnson Study to find the best
extraction solvent for use with
Guava leaves
2013
Luo, You, Peng, Bin Ultrasound extraction of
Polysaccharides from guava
leaves and their antioxidant
and antiglycation activity
2018
Sampath Kumar Extraction of bioactive
compounds from Psidium
guajava and their application
in dentistry
2019
K.M Sundram Extractions of Bioactive
compounds from plant
extracts
2011
5. Plant profile Nomenclature
Scientific Classification:
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Magnoliophyta
Class: Magnoliopsida
Family : Myrtaceae
Botanical Name : Psidium guajava L.
Common Names In Other Languages :
Portuguese :Goiaba
French : Goyaba
India : Amrud, Amba, Peyara, Pijuli, Bayabus, Guava
7. CONCLUSION
Psidium guajava (guava) is well known tropic tree grown in tropic
areas. Here we are concluding guajava leaves as very useful drugs or
medicines. Many researchers have been done and will be continuing
in future on this. Natural products are widely using by humans
worldwide because these products do not have any side effect.
Guajava leaf extracts are such a wide spread area in field of medical
and science.
