Portfolios can be used by teachers and students in several ways. For teachers, portfolios help monitor student progress, determine if students can apply learning, and improve communication with parents. When building a student portfolio, the teacher should set a purpose, decide on grading, include representative samples of work, and determine student involvement. For students, portfolios encourage ownership of learning and allow students to evaluate their own work and progress. Portfolios can showcase strengths, track development, and place students appropriately depending on the samples included.