Population distributions are uneven worldwide and change over time. Factors like birth rates, death rates, and population density influence population change. The Demographic Transition Model shows population change through 5 stages as birth and death rates shift from high to low. As countries develop from LEDCs to MEDCs, their population pyramids, birth rates, life expectancies, and dependency ratios typically change in ways that lead to aging populations in MEDCs. Urbanization increases jobs in cities but can strain housing, traffic, services, and jobs in LEDCs more than MEDCs due to differences in development levels.

1. Population
To revise the topic of Population

2. Population Distribution- the way in which people are spread out across the
world. This distribution is uneven and changes over time.
Population Density- the average number of people per square kilometre. It
shows whether an area is sparsely or densely populated.
Birth rates and death rates vary between countries.
What do the following terms mean:
Birth Rate
Death Rate
Life expectancy
Dependency Ratio
Infant Mortality
Natural Increase

3. LEDC Factors increasing Factors decreasing
Birth Rate
Death Rate
-Complete these tables

4. The rate of population change varies over time.
The Demographic Transition Model shows population change
-How many stages does the model have?
-In which stage is Birth Rate and Death rate LOW?
-In which stage does death rate decrease rapidly?
Go to http://goo.gl/p9JTL watch “The Demographic Transition
Model”

6. How do the following differ between an MEDC and LEDC
•Birth rate.
•Life expectancy
•Dependency ratio
•Death Rate
Contrasting population pyramids of an LEDC and an MEDC

7. Population Pyramids change over time.
How do the following change as a country changes from an LEDC to
MEDC.
Birth Rate
Life expectancy
Dependency Ratio

8. Population Pyramids change over time.
How will the UK population pyramid change between 2007 and 2050.

9. The relationship between population structure (and birth rates and death rates) and economic development
Use High Low Short Long to complete the table
Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 4
Birth Rate
Death rate
Life expectancy
Infant mortality
What happens at stage 5?

10. The effects of overpopulation in an LEDC.
The number of people living in a place outweighs the availability of resources.
Name an example of overpopulation
Why did it happen?
What were the effects?
Ageing populations
What causes an Ageing population?
How will these be affected by an ageing population?
•Pensions
•Demand for health services
•Crime Rates

11. List the physical and human factors that result in the
movement of people.

12. Consequences of Urbanisation
Complete this table of the consequences of Urbanisation for MEDC and LEDC
cities using the following:
Increase in number of Jobs in service sector; Increase in car ownership causes congestion and pollution; Clean
water, sanitation, health centres and power not available. Insufficient schools; Retail jobs lost to out of town
locations; Shanty Town development; Poor quality housing in Inner city areas (terraced, Tower blocks) Large pool
of cheap labour available for Industry; Retail parks and business parks in out of town locations; Growth in
informal sector employment; Large number of commuters cause congestion; CBD dominated by finance and
MNCs; Urban Sprawl and loss of Greenfield sites; Unemployment.
Location Housing Traffic Services Jobs
MEDC
LEDC

13. Management of Urbanisation.
Complete this table using the statements below to show how Urbanisation is
managed in MEDC and LEDC cities:
Rubbish recycling schemes; Improve public transport (Trams); Redevelopment; Squatters given legal title; Squatters given
legal title; Regenerate city centres for Retail; Use of Brownfield sites; Gentrification; Car +1 dedicated lanes; Park and Ride
schemes; Aided self help housing; Site and service schemes; Cycle lanes; Congestion charges; Limit number of cars; Develop
public transport
Location Housing Traffic Services Jobs
MEDC
LEDC

14. Causes of counter-urbanisation
Are the following Push or pull factors:
High crime rates; Pollution; Clean air; More of a community spirit; Poor services; Cheaper living; Peaceful Environment;
Retirement; Traffic congestion
Push Factors Pull Factors

15. The consequences of counter-urbanisation
Can you give reasons for these consequences:
Housing Traffic Services Jobs
Increase in house price
Young people forced to
leave villages
Use of Greenfield sites in
popular villages
Increase in number of cars
in village
Local shops, post offices
and garages close.
Local schools close
Decrease in number of jobs
vailable