The document reviews the positive and negative outcomes of the Millennium Development Goals set in 2000. Some key positive outcomes included over 43 million children enrolling in primary education globally between 1999-2009, and maternal mortality decreasing by 47% between 1990-2012. However, negatives included a lack of defined measures for poverty and success, and that the goals may not have been achievable given the resources and time frame. A new set of 8 goals are then proposed to be completed by 2030, focusing on issues like clean water, education, reducing disease, climate change, and protecting land and animals.
This document discusses urban growth and overpopulation in Lima, Peru. It defines overpopulation and discusses its advantages such as development and medical advances as well as disadvantages like deforestation and pollution. It explains that overpopulation in Lima is mainly due to migration from rural areas as people seek new opportunities. This high population growth has economic and environmental impacts like increased unemployment, crime, pollution, loss of farmland and biodiversity. Solutions proposed include improving education, family planning programs, and increasing access to healthcare and resources.
Responses to high and low fertility overviewjodiecmills
The document discusses population terms and policies. It examines dependency ratios and the impacts of youthful and aging populations. It evaluates examples of a pro-natalist policy in Singapore that aims to increase births through incentives, and an anti-natalist policy in China that aims to limit fertility through incentives and deterrents such as fines and forced abortions.
Sustainable Development with respect to Population GrowthIrfan Ansari
The document discusses sustainable development with respect to population growth. It notes that meeting future needs depends on balancing social, economic, and environmental factors. Population growth impacts food supply, water availability, climate change, and biodiversity as population grows exponentially while resources grow arithmetically. To promote sustainable development, efforts are needed to slow population growth through improved access to family planning and reproductive health services. This would allow countries to invest in their economies and citizens' living standards while reducing environmental pressures from resource use and consumption. The conclusion stresses that sustainable development requires managing population growth along with other factors like resource conservation and cleaner technologies.
The document discusses key terms related to population change including birth rate, death rate, natural increase, and migration. It notes that populations in less economically developed countries are growing faster than those in more economically developed countries due to factors like higher birth rates and lower death rates in LEDCs, as well as less access to family planning resources.
The document discusses population trends and issues related to population growth. It provides historical context beginning with Thomas Malthus in the late 18th century who argued that population tends to grow faster than the food supply. It then covers key thinkers and their perspectives on population like Paul Ehrlich who warned of mass starvation in the late 1960s. Global population data is presented showing growth rates slowing but still projected to reach 11 billion by 2200. Challenges faced in developing countries like HIV/AIDS and lack of food production increases are covered. Different views on population issues from progressivists to social equity perspectives are outlined. Family planning programs and their mixed results in countries like China, India and Bangladesh are summarized.
There are 4 main factors that determine a population's carrying capacity: 1) available materials and energy, 2) food chains and availability of prey, 3) competition for resources, and 4) space needs depending on species size and environment. Populations tend to grow exponentially over time if resources are unlimited, but growth will slow and a crash can occur as resources decline due to overpopulation. Both density-dependent factors like competition and density-independent factors like natural disasters can limit population size.
This document discusses urban growth and overpopulation in Lima, Peru. It defines overpopulation and discusses its advantages such as development and medical advances as well as disadvantages like deforestation and pollution. It explains that overpopulation in Lima is mainly due to migration from rural areas as people seek new opportunities. This high population growth has economic and environmental impacts like increased unemployment, crime, pollution, loss of farmland and biodiversity. Solutions proposed include improving education, family planning programs, and increasing access to healthcare and resources.
Responses to high and low fertility overviewjodiecmills
The document discusses population terms and policies. It examines dependency ratios and the impacts of youthful and aging populations. It evaluates examples of a pro-natalist policy in Singapore that aims to increase births through incentives, and an anti-natalist policy in China that aims to limit fertility through incentives and deterrents such as fines and forced abortions.
Sustainable Development with respect to Population GrowthIrfan Ansari
The document discusses sustainable development with respect to population growth. It notes that meeting future needs depends on balancing social, economic, and environmental factors. Population growth impacts food supply, water availability, climate change, and biodiversity as population grows exponentially while resources grow arithmetically. To promote sustainable development, efforts are needed to slow population growth through improved access to family planning and reproductive health services. This would allow countries to invest in their economies and citizens' living standards while reducing environmental pressures from resource use and consumption. The conclusion stresses that sustainable development requires managing population growth along with other factors like resource conservation and cleaner technologies.
The document discusses key terms related to population change including birth rate, death rate, natural increase, and migration. It notes that populations in less economically developed countries are growing faster than those in more economically developed countries due to factors like higher birth rates and lower death rates in LEDCs, as well as less access to family planning resources.
The document discusses population trends and issues related to population growth. It provides historical context beginning with Thomas Malthus in the late 18th century who argued that population tends to grow faster than the food supply. It then covers key thinkers and their perspectives on population like Paul Ehrlich who warned of mass starvation in the late 1960s. Global population data is presented showing growth rates slowing but still projected to reach 11 billion by 2200. Challenges faced in developing countries like HIV/AIDS and lack of food production increases are covered. Different views on population issues from progressivists to social equity perspectives are outlined. Family planning programs and their mixed results in countries like China, India and Bangladesh are summarized.
There are 4 main factors that determine a population's carrying capacity: 1) available materials and energy, 2) food chains and availability of prey, 3) competition for resources, and 4) space needs depending on species size and environment. Populations tend to grow exponentially over time if resources are unlimited, but growth will slow and a crash can occur as resources decline due to overpopulation. Both density-dependent factors like competition and density-independent factors like natural disasters can limit population size.
This document provides a geography IGCSE revision guide covering various themes related to population, settlements, the natural environment, and economic development. It includes case studies for different topics within each theme. For population dynamics, it summarizes a case study on rapid population growth in Niger, highlighting high fertility rates, limited resources, and proposed solutions like increasing family planning education. It also briefly outlines case studies on China's one-child policy and population policies in Singapore and Italy aimed at increasing low birth rates.
Human population and environment chapter 2Nayan Vaghela
Human population and environment chapter 2, variations in population growth, air borne diseases, HIV/AIDS, television, radio, news paper, internet, computer, cancer
Population density and distribution are influenced by various environmental factors. Mountains provide more suitable living conditions than low-lying plains due to cooler temperatures at higher altitudes. As a result, many large cities have developed in mountainous areas.
Solutions for controlling population growth include increasing access to education, family planning services, and raising the status of women. Providing employment opportunities, especially for women, and improving standards of living can encourage smaller family sizes. Legislative actions around marriage age, child labor, and reproductive health can also help slow rapid population growth.
The Human Development Index is a statistic used to rank countries based on indicators of life expectancy, education, and income levels. Countries score higher on human development when citizens can expect
Niger has experienced rapid population growth, rising from 1.7 million in 1960 to 13 million currently. This is due to high fertility rates and falling death rates. However, the country remains very poor and plans to implement stronger family planning policies to curb population growth and promote development. China previously encouraged large families but introduced its one-child policy in the late 1970s to reduce rapid population growth and balance resources. Russia now has a declining population due to low birth rates and life expectancy.
This document discusses human population growth and its relationship to the environment. It defines key population concepts like population size, density, natality, mortality, doubling time, total fertility rate, and age structure. Rapid population growth can lead to overpopulation, depletion of natural resources, increased waste production, and food and unemployment issues. India faces a population explosion due to high birth rates, early marriage, poverty, illiteracy, cultural norms favoring male children, and illegal migration. The government of India has implemented family welfare programs to promote family planning and reduce birth rates.
Population lesson 1 world population growthMs Geoflake
The world population grew slowly until 1900 but then increased rapidly, reaching 1 billion in 1900, 2.5 billion in 1950, and 7 billion in 2011. Most population growth occurs in developing countries with high birth rates, like India and China. While populations in developed countries are stable or declining, populations in developing countries continue to rise due to historically high birth rates and increasing lifespans. Rapid population growth creates challenges for governments to provide resources and threatens the environment, food security, and political stability.
The document discusses key aspects of the human resources and population of the Philippines. It provides data on population distribution by region, gender, and age. Some key points are that the population serves as the driver of economic development, rapid population growth can deplete natural resources, and a country's composition and size of population impacts policies. Literacy rates are high at around 94% but unemployment remains a problem, contributing to migration within the country.
The document discusses human population growth and its environmental impacts. It notes that the world population grew from 300 billion in AD 1 to over 6 billion in 2000 and is projected to reach over 9 billion by 2050. This rapid growth is called a population explosion. The explosion is driven by decreased mortality rates due to improvements in food production, public health, and medicine. Effects of the explosion include overstressing natural resources, increased pollution, food shortages, and unemployment. Air and water pollution increase as industries and vehicles grow to serve larger populations, which also leads to deforestation for new lands. Managing this explosion will be a major challenge going forward.
Population growth, variation among nationsHarsh Rastogi
Group of individuals of species occupying a definite geographic area at a given time.
The population will continue to grow till equilibrium is achieved, i.e.
Number of births = Number of deaths
Population growing by 90 million/year.
Of which 93 % in developing countries .
Spread of public health programmes in developing countries.
Rise in food production after World War II.
Every second 4-5 children are born and 2 people die.
Nearly 2.5 persons get added every second.
this presentation is the discussion between the relationship of environment and population as well as the adverse effect of overpopulation in the finite environment.
Global Population Growth :Variations Among NationsNishi Zanwar
The document discusses global population growth and its variations among different nations. It notes that while some nations have very high growth rates above 3%, others have stable or even declining populations. The world population reached 7 billion in 2011 according to the UN and is projected to reach over 10 billion by 2050 if current growth trends continue. Rapid population growth puts pressure on natural resources and can degrade the environment if demands for food, water and energy are not met sustainably.
Human Population Growth and Environmental ImpactsBilhami
Global human population has grown over the past century from 6.7 billion in 2006 to a projected 9.2 billion by 2050, with the largest increases in India, China, and Southeast Asia. This population growth puts pressure on food production and resources, and generates more waste and pollution, disrupting ecosystems. While some countries have seen population declines through high death rates and low birth rates, environmental impacts are linked more to consumption patterns of larger populations and levels of economic development rather than just the number of people.
The document discusses various topics related to human population growth including:
1. A brief history of human population growth from early hunter-gatherer societies to the rise of agriculture and cities.
2. The demographic transition from high birth/death rates to low birth/death rates as countries develop.
3. Current population growth trends with most growth occurring in developing countries and the potential challenges of overpopulation.
4. Methods to influence population size such as family planning programs, education/empowerment of women, and potential social/economic impacts of population decline or aging populations.
Population growth & its effect on environmentTej Kiran
The document discusses several key topics related to population and the environment:
1) It examines how population growth impacts the environment through increasing demands on natural resources and generating pollution.
2) It explores questions around how population growth influences economic and social factors.
3) It discusses the demographic transition process where death and birth rates change as countries develop, initially increasing and then decreasing population growth.
People migrate for economic, social, political, and environmental reasons. Economically, people move to find work, access opportunities, or escape low wages and poverty. Socially, people relocate to be closer to family/friends or access amenities. Politically, migration occurs due to persecution, war, crime, or violence. Environmentally, disasters like flooding force migration. Migration results from a combination of "push factors" that compel leaving an area and "pull factors" attracting to another due to better prospects. Both rural-urban and international migration have positives like cultural/skills exchange but also negatives like exploitation, overpopulation, and "brain drain" of skilled workers.
The document discusses the major increases in human population and consumption that are putting significant stress on the environment. The growth of the human population from millions to billions in just a few centuries due to technology and medicine is depleting resources and damaging ecosystems. Continued population and economic growth will further degrade the environment unless new technologies can be developed to mitigate these problems. Engineers have a key role to play in measuring environmental impacts, creating sustainable technologies, and helping develop solutions to address the challenges of supporting the human population while protecting the planet.
This is what I presented to a number of Bureaucrats in 2008-2009 on Why Population Control / Population Optimization is necessary. This presentation is the tip of the iceberg problem we face today.
Population geography examines how population characteristics vary spatially and change over time. It studies demographic phenomena like birth rates, death rates, and migration patterns in geographical contexts. Population geography analyzes population distributions, densities, and structures to understand how they are influenced by and influence specific places. It uses maps to visualize spatial variations in population characteristics.
The document discusses various topics related to population studies including:
1. Definitions of population and population density.
2. Environmental factors like climate, soils, and water supply that influence population distribution and settlement patterns.
3. Overpopulation occurring when population exceeds the carrying capacity of the habitat. Reasons for overpopulation include increased birth rates and decreased mortality rates.
4. Effects of population explosion including overstress of natural resources and increased demand for food, water, and services.
The document provides guidance for answering a case study question about rivers, focusing on the River Tees as an example. It outlines the key characteristics of the river's upper, middle, and lower courses, including landforms and features like waterfalls. It also discusses river management along the Tees, including reservoirs for water supply and flood protection schemes. The document emphasizes the importance of using specific place-based details from the River Tees in answers to achieve higher marks.
This document provides information about rivers and flooding, including:
1) It discusses the hydrological cycle and river landforms like meanders, ox-bow lakes, and deltas. Biological, freeze-thaw, and chemical weathering are explained.
2) Methods for managing flooding are examined, including both "hard" options like building flood defenses, and "softer" options like restoring floodplains.
3) Practice questions are provided about river features and processes like waterfall formation. Diagrams and explanations of answers are given.
This document provides a geography IGCSE revision guide covering various themes related to population, settlements, the natural environment, and economic development. It includes case studies for different topics within each theme. For population dynamics, it summarizes a case study on rapid population growth in Niger, highlighting high fertility rates, limited resources, and proposed solutions like increasing family planning education. It also briefly outlines case studies on China's one-child policy and population policies in Singapore and Italy aimed at increasing low birth rates.
Human population and environment chapter 2Nayan Vaghela
Human population and environment chapter 2, variations in population growth, air borne diseases, HIV/AIDS, television, radio, news paper, internet, computer, cancer
Population density and distribution are influenced by various environmental factors. Mountains provide more suitable living conditions than low-lying plains due to cooler temperatures at higher altitudes. As a result, many large cities have developed in mountainous areas.
Solutions for controlling population growth include increasing access to education, family planning services, and raising the status of women. Providing employment opportunities, especially for women, and improving standards of living can encourage smaller family sizes. Legislative actions around marriage age, child labor, and reproductive health can also help slow rapid population growth.
The Human Development Index is a statistic used to rank countries based on indicators of life expectancy, education, and income levels. Countries score higher on human development when citizens can expect
Niger has experienced rapid population growth, rising from 1.7 million in 1960 to 13 million currently. This is due to high fertility rates and falling death rates. However, the country remains very poor and plans to implement stronger family planning policies to curb population growth and promote development. China previously encouraged large families but introduced its one-child policy in the late 1970s to reduce rapid population growth and balance resources. Russia now has a declining population due to low birth rates and life expectancy.
This document discusses human population growth and its relationship to the environment. It defines key population concepts like population size, density, natality, mortality, doubling time, total fertility rate, and age structure. Rapid population growth can lead to overpopulation, depletion of natural resources, increased waste production, and food and unemployment issues. India faces a population explosion due to high birth rates, early marriage, poverty, illiteracy, cultural norms favoring male children, and illegal migration. The government of India has implemented family welfare programs to promote family planning and reduce birth rates.
Population lesson 1 world population growthMs Geoflake
The world population grew slowly until 1900 but then increased rapidly, reaching 1 billion in 1900, 2.5 billion in 1950, and 7 billion in 2011. Most population growth occurs in developing countries with high birth rates, like India and China. While populations in developed countries are stable or declining, populations in developing countries continue to rise due to historically high birth rates and increasing lifespans. Rapid population growth creates challenges for governments to provide resources and threatens the environment, food security, and political stability.
The document discusses key aspects of the human resources and population of the Philippines. It provides data on population distribution by region, gender, and age. Some key points are that the population serves as the driver of economic development, rapid population growth can deplete natural resources, and a country's composition and size of population impacts policies. Literacy rates are high at around 94% but unemployment remains a problem, contributing to migration within the country.
The document discusses human population growth and its environmental impacts. It notes that the world population grew from 300 billion in AD 1 to over 6 billion in 2000 and is projected to reach over 9 billion by 2050. This rapid growth is called a population explosion. The explosion is driven by decreased mortality rates due to improvements in food production, public health, and medicine. Effects of the explosion include overstressing natural resources, increased pollution, food shortages, and unemployment. Air and water pollution increase as industries and vehicles grow to serve larger populations, which also leads to deforestation for new lands. Managing this explosion will be a major challenge going forward.
Population growth, variation among nationsHarsh Rastogi
Group of individuals of species occupying a definite geographic area at a given time.
The population will continue to grow till equilibrium is achieved, i.e.
Number of births = Number of deaths
Population growing by 90 million/year.
Of which 93 % in developing countries .
Spread of public health programmes in developing countries.
Rise in food production after World War II.
Every second 4-5 children are born and 2 people die.
Nearly 2.5 persons get added every second.
this presentation is the discussion between the relationship of environment and population as well as the adverse effect of overpopulation in the finite environment.
Global Population Growth :Variations Among NationsNishi Zanwar
The document discusses global population growth and its variations among different nations. It notes that while some nations have very high growth rates above 3%, others have stable or even declining populations. The world population reached 7 billion in 2011 according to the UN and is projected to reach over 10 billion by 2050 if current growth trends continue. Rapid population growth puts pressure on natural resources and can degrade the environment if demands for food, water and energy are not met sustainably.
Human Population Growth and Environmental ImpactsBilhami
Global human population has grown over the past century from 6.7 billion in 2006 to a projected 9.2 billion by 2050, with the largest increases in India, China, and Southeast Asia. This population growth puts pressure on food production and resources, and generates more waste and pollution, disrupting ecosystems. While some countries have seen population declines through high death rates and low birth rates, environmental impacts are linked more to consumption patterns of larger populations and levels of economic development rather than just the number of people.
The document discusses various topics related to human population growth including:
1. A brief history of human population growth from early hunter-gatherer societies to the rise of agriculture and cities.
2. The demographic transition from high birth/death rates to low birth/death rates as countries develop.
3. Current population growth trends with most growth occurring in developing countries and the potential challenges of overpopulation.
4. Methods to influence population size such as family planning programs, education/empowerment of women, and potential social/economic impacts of population decline or aging populations.
Population growth & its effect on environmentTej Kiran
The document discusses several key topics related to population and the environment:
1) It examines how population growth impacts the environment through increasing demands on natural resources and generating pollution.
2) It explores questions around how population growth influences economic and social factors.
3) It discusses the demographic transition process where death and birth rates change as countries develop, initially increasing and then decreasing population growth.
People migrate for economic, social, political, and environmental reasons. Economically, people move to find work, access opportunities, or escape low wages and poverty. Socially, people relocate to be closer to family/friends or access amenities. Politically, migration occurs due to persecution, war, crime, or violence. Environmentally, disasters like flooding force migration. Migration results from a combination of "push factors" that compel leaving an area and "pull factors" attracting to another due to better prospects. Both rural-urban and international migration have positives like cultural/skills exchange but also negatives like exploitation, overpopulation, and "brain drain" of skilled workers.
The document discusses the major increases in human population and consumption that are putting significant stress on the environment. The growth of the human population from millions to billions in just a few centuries due to technology and medicine is depleting resources and damaging ecosystems. Continued population and economic growth will further degrade the environment unless new technologies can be developed to mitigate these problems. Engineers have a key role to play in measuring environmental impacts, creating sustainable technologies, and helping develop solutions to address the challenges of supporting the human population while protecting the planet.
This is what I presented to a number of Bureaucrats in 2008-2009 on Why Population Control / Population Optimization is necessary. This presentation is the tip of the iceberg problem we face today.
Population geography examines how population characteristics vary spatially and change over time. It studies demographic phenomena like birth rates, death rates, and migration patterns in geographical contexts. Population geography analyzes population distributions, densities, and structures to understand how they are influenced by and influence specific places. It uses maps to visualize spatial variations in population characteristics.
The document discusses various topics related to population studies including:
1. Definitions of population and population density.
2. Environmental factors like climate, soils, and water supply that influence population distribution and settlement patterns.
3. Overpopulation occurring when population exceeds the carrying capacity of the habitat. Reasons for overpopulation include increased birth rates and decreased mortality rates.
4. Effects of population explosion including overstress of natural resources and increased demand for food, water, and services.
The document provides guidance for answering a case study question about rivers, focusing on the River Tees as an example. It outlines the key characteristics of the river's upper, middle, and lower courses, including landforms and features like waterfalls. It also discusses river management along the Tees, including reservoirs for water supply and flood protection schemes. The document emphasizes the importance of using specific place-based details from the River Tees in answers to achieve higher marks.
This document provides information about rivers and flooding, including:
1) It discusses the hydrological cycle and river landforms like meanders, ox-bow lakes, and deltas. Biological, freeze-thaw, and chemical weathering are explained.
2) Methods for managing flooding are examined, including both "hard" options like building flood defenses, and "softer" options like restoring floodplains.
3) Practice questions are provided about river features and processes like waterfall formation. Diagrams and explanations of answers are given.
The Geography Department is holding a "Geography Selfie" competition this year where students and staff take selfies of themselves with geographical landscapes or features in the background. Participants need to photograph themselves at a famous or infamous location during their summer travels and submit their photos to their teacher or by email by September 19th, 2014. The photos will be divided into four categories based on the participant's year or staff status, and the best photos will be selected to be uploaded to the Geography blog.
Our link school 'Ada Model' is located in Debre Zeit, Ethiopia. Seaford Head School in the UK has been linked with Ada Model School since 2007, which has over 3,000 students. During a visit by Seaford Head School staff and students, they participated in cultural ceremonies by Ada Model students, presented the school with materials and sports equipment, and helped paint a classroom. The visit strengthened the partnership between the two schools.
Revision flash cards for GCSE Geography OCR BLiz Smith
The document provides information about various geographic concepts. It defines key terms related to rivers such as erosion, transportation, and landforms. It also discusses coastal landforms and processes, population dynamics, hazards from climate, tectonics and urbanization. Settlement patterns are examined using models like the Burgess model and concepts of threshold populations and spheres of influence.
Hurricane Katrina caused significant impacts in the southeast United States. The warm ocean waters of over 27°C caused moist air to rise and condense, releasing energy that powered the storm to wind speeds of 125mph, making it a category 3 hurricane. It destroyed 300,000 homes in New Orleans, leaving tens of thousands homeless and forcing evacuation to the poorly provisioned Superdome stadium, where sanitation was poor and illness spread quickly. Businesses were also destroyed, eliminating 230,000 jobs and increasing unemployment and pressure on the economy. Failed flood defenses exacerbated flooding in New Orleans, increasing deaths to 1,800 and further adding to costs.
Revision techniques student version 2013David Drake
This document provides several techniques for revising for GCSE and A-Level exams, including:
1) Making videos to summarize key points using a whiteboard or paper in an animated style.
2) Repeatedly reducing notes into smaller and smaller summaries to focus on main points.
3) Writing important concepts on sticky notes to place around your environment for frequent review.
4) Using mind maps to organize information and harness your brain's full creative skills.
The document discusses flood prevention schemes for Boscastle, including an east side scheme, west side scheme, and catchment management. It looks at different approaches to flood prevention on the east and west sides of Boscastle and managing the overall catchment area to reduce flooding risks.
The document provides information about flooding in Bangladesh. It discusses five key reasons for frequent flooding: most land being less than one meter above sea level, monsoon weather, snowmelt from the Himalayas, cyclones in the Bay of Bengal, and two massive rivers flowing into the country. The flooding creates major issues for Bangladesh's large population, destroying homes and affecting livelihoods. Solutions such as flood shelters have been implemented to help manage the frequent flooding.
The document provides guidance on map skills for a geography exam, including how to interpret Ordnance Survey maps, use grid references, measure distances, describe features, and understand different map types. It explains how to analyze maps, aerial photographs, and compare map features. Key skills covered are reading map scales, symbols, relief, land use, settlement patterns, and using maps to describe patterns and distributions.
This document provides revision materials for a GCSE Geography exam, including key themes, contact information, and resources. It covers topics like rivers, coasts, and landforms. For rivers, it outlines landforms like V-shaped valleys, waterfalls, meanders, and floodplains. For coasts, it discusses landforms including headlands, bays, wave-cut platforms, and beaches. It also provides case studies, definitions of geographic terms, and exam practice questions.
Checklist 2016 - OCR B GCSE specificationMrs Coles
Afforestation can affect river flow in 3 ways:
(1) Trees intercept rainfall which reduces surface runoff entering rivers.
(2) Vegetation increases lag time as seen on hydrographs, slowing river volume.
(3) Less water enters rivers and reaches them more slowly due to interception and reduced surface runoff from vegetation.
This document provides revision materials for a GCSE Geography exam on key themes. It includes information on the exam structure, resources for revision, and details on the three exam sections: natural hazards, population and settlement, and economic development. For the economic development section, it outlines different industry types and changes over time, as well as case studies on topics like goat aid and Coca-Cola. Various practice exam questions are provided at the end related to development indicators, the Brandt line, and Rostow's model of development stages.
The document provides information about rivers and coasts for a GCSE Geography revision pack. It includes key terms, landforms, and processes related to rivers and coasts, as well as case studies on river and coastal management. Resources for further study are also listed.
The document provides information about GCSE Geography revision for key themes and exams. It outlines three levels of understanding - foundational (F), accomplished (A), and competent (C). For each level it describes the scope of geographical knowledge, skills, and abilities students would demonstrate. The document also contains sample exam content on rivers, coasts, flooding case studies and river/coastal landforms.
The River Zambezi floods of 2009 in Namibia displaced over 50,000 people from their homes and caused over $136 million in economic losses. Heavy rainfall led to river levels rising by 8 meters, inundating villages and agricultural land. Over 700,000 people, a third of Namibia's population, were affected. The floods demonstrated the local authorities' inability to respond adequately, with relief efforts hampered by poor coordination. International aid of $7 million was provided to help establish relief camps and address health and sanitation issues.
The document discusses climate change and its causes. It provides the following key points:
1) In 2008, 193 countries signed an anti-CO2 emissions treaty, except the USA and China. The USA did not believe in global warming under Bush, and China profits from natural resources.
2) The industrial revolution beginning in the 1800s caused a rise in CO2 levels and global temperatures.
3) Human activities like burning fossil fuels are major contributors to increased greenhouse gas emissions and climate change. This will have severe environmental and economic impacts worldwide if left unaddressed.
The document discusses the biosphere and the threats facing it. It defines the biosphere as the regions of Earth inhabited by living organisms, and notes there are 5 major biomes - aquatic, desert, forest, grassland, and tundra - which are further divided. It explains how the biosphere acts as a life support system and provides goods for humans. The major threats to the biosphere are deforestation, pollution, and climate change. Sustainable management of the biosphere's resources is important but faces economic, social, and environmental tensions.
This document summarizes key concepts in physical geography related to plate tectonics, earthquakes, volcanoes, and case studies of volcanic eruptions and earthquakes. It describes how convection currents in the mantle cause plate movements at destructive, conservative, and constructive plate boundaries. Case studies on the 1995 Montserrat volcano eruption and the 2011 Japanese earthquake and tsunami detail their impacts and responses. A third case study summarizes the 2008 Sichuan earthquake in China that killed over 70,000 people.
Case studies unit 2-people and the planetMrs Coles
This document outlines the structure and content covered in a unit on people and the planet. It is divided into 7 sections that cover topics such as population dynamics, consuming resources, globalization, development dilemmas, changing economies, urban environments, and sustainability strategies. Some key places, theories, and case studies mentioned include the one child policy in China, wind power in the Outer Hebrides, global institutions like the IMF and WTO, Rostow's model of development, contrasting regions in the UK, strategies to reduce London's ecological footprint, and examples of self-help schemes in cities like Rio de Janeiro.
The document summarizes the Sustainable Development Goals that were agreed upon by 189 countries in 2000 to address major global issues. The goals aimed to end poverty, hunger, preventable disease, lack of education, and gender inequality by 2030. They also focused on issues like climate change, environmental degradation, inequality, unsustainable consumption, and more. The United Nations has been working to achieve these ambitious goals through projects in over 170 countries to build a better future for all people and the planet.
The document provides an overview of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals established by the United Nations in 2015. Each goal is summarized in 1-2 sentences that outline the target or objective of the goal. For example, goal 1 is to end poverty in all forms by 2030, goal 2 is to end hunger and promote sustainable agriculture, and goal 17 is to strengthen global partnerships to implement the sustainable development agenda. The summaries emphasize the ambitious and collaborative nature of the SDGs to create a more just, prosperous and environmentally sustainable world by 2030.
The document discusses the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and provides more context on some of the specific goals. It begins by explaining that in 2015, 193 countries came together to create a plan to address issues like poverty, hunger, and climate change by 2030. It then discusses several of the 17 SDGs in more detail, focusing on goals related to ending poverty and hunger, ensuring health and well-being, education, gender equality, clean water and sanitation, affordable energy, economic growth, reduced inequality, sustainable cities, responsible consumption, and climate change.
The Millennium Development Goals set out a mutual commitment between developed and developing countries to make sustained progress towards achieving this vision.
Specifically, the Millennium Development Goals aim to reduce poverty, fight disease and hunger, get girls in school and give more people access to safe water. African countries need to make the most progress if they are to meet these Goals.
The document discusses the Millennium Development Goals set by the UN in 2000 to improve conditions for the world's poorest people. It notes that over 1 billion people live on less than $1.50 per day, and over 28,000 children die from preventable diseases every day. Poor countries also struggle with issues like lack of access to sanitation, education, and high maternal mortality. The goals aimed to halve extreme poverty and hunger, achieve universal primary education, promote gender equality, reduce child and maternal mortality, combat HIV/AIDS and other diseases, ensure environmental sustainability, and develop a global partnership for development by 2015.
This document provides an introduction and overview of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It discusses how the SDGs were developed to succeed the Millennium Development Goals and aim to promote prosperity while protecting the planet. It outlines the 17 SDGs, including goals to end poverty, hunger, disease, lack of education, gender inequality, and more. It also notes that achieving the SDGs will require effort across society through partnerships and cooperation.
The document discusses the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) created by the United Nations in 2015. The 17 goals aim to eliminate poverty, hunger, disease, and climate change by 2030. Progress has already been made in reducing poverty, hunger, and disease in recent decades. The UNDP works with countries around the world to achieve the ambitious goals by 2030.
Leaders from 193 countries came together in 2015 to address global challenges and create a sustainable future. They established 17 Sustainable Development Goals to eliminate poverty, hunger, disease and climate change by 2030. The UNDP works to implement the goals in nearly 170 countries by 2030 through initiatives to promote economic growth, education, healthcare, gender equality and more.
The document discusses the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) created by the United Nations in 2015. The 17 goals aim to eliminate poverty, hunger, disease, and climate change by 2030. Progress has already been made in reducing poverty, hunger, and disease in recent decades. The UNDP works with countries around the world to achieve the ambitious goals by 2030 through programs, policies, and global cooperation.
The document discusses several Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) adopted by the UN in 2015 including goals to end poverty, end hunger, promote good health and education, provide clean water and sanitation, and make cities sustainable. It provides facts about the current state of these issues globally and in the Philippines. For example, it states that over 800 million people still live in extreme poverty, one in nine people are undernourished, maternal and child mortality have declined but many deaths still occur, and rapid urbanization is straining cities' infrastructure and environment.
The document discusses the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and their importance, providing an overview and comparison to the preceding Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). It notes that while progress was made on the MDGs, many targets were not fully achieved. The 17 SDGs are then introduced as aiming to build on the MDGs and address their shortcomings, with the goals of ending poverty, hunger, and inequality while promoting health, education, gender equality, clean water and sanitation, affordable energy, economic growth, and environmental sustainability. Current challenges to achieving the SDGs in East and Southern Africa are outlined, and the important role of faith-based organizations and churches in supporting the goals is discussed.
The document provides information about the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), which are eight goals aimed at addressing poverty, hunger, disease, lack of education, and environmental degradation agreed upon by 189 UN member states in 2000. It summarizes each of the eight goals and their targets and indicators for measurement. The goals aim to eradicate extreme poverty and hunger, achieve universal primary education, promote gender equality, reduce child mortality, improve maternal health, combat HIV/AIDS and other diseases, ensure environmental sustainability, and develop a global partnership for development by 2015.
The document provides information about the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), which are eight goals aimed at addressing poverty, hunger, disease, lack of education, and environmental degradation agreed upon by 189 UN member states in 2000. It summarizes each of the eight goals and their targets and indicators for measurement. The goals include eradicating extreme poverty and hunger; achieving universal primary education; promoting gender equality; reducing child mortality; improving maternal health; combating HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other diseases; ensuring environmental sustainability; and developing a global partnership for development.
This document provides an overview and introduction to the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and Nigeria's National Economic Empowerment and Development Strategy (NEEDS) for a seminar on youth development. It outlines the eight MDGs aimed at reducing poverty, improving health and education, and environmental sustainability by 2015. It also describes NEEDS' goals of wealth creation, employment, poverty reduction, and value reorientation through government and private sector reforms. Statistics are given on issues like poverty, hunger, education, health, and the environment to highlight the ongoing development challenges.
Poverty is defined as lacking the financial resources and essentials for a minimum standard of living. Over 736 million people live in extreme poverty, surviving on less than $1.90 per day. Poverty is both a lack of income and access to necessities like healthcare, education, clean water and shelter. It often persists across generations as impoverished families cannot afford education or their children must work instead of attending school. Ending poverty requires addressing its underlying causes like lack of infrastructure, education, economic opportunity and natural disasters. Alleviating poverty sustainably may involve improving access to resources and making lives self-sufficient.
Sustainable Development Goals 1-17.docxshaziazamir1
The document provides an overview of the first 9 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) adopted by the United Nations in 2015. It summarizes each goal, including key targets and progress to date. The SDGs aim to end poverty, protect the planet, and ensure prosperity for all people by 2030 through achieving 17 integrated goals covering social and economic development issues including poverty, hunger, health, education, climate change, gender equality, water, sanitation, energy, and economic growth. Progress has been made in some areas but much work remains to be done to achieve the goals by 2030.
Wereldwijd hebben kinderen het beter dan ooit. Vergeleken met een paar decennia geleden overlijden er per dag minder jonge kinderen, leven er minder kinderen in armoede en gaan meer kinderen goed gevoed naar school.
Dit bemoedigende nieuws blijkt uit een nieuw rapport van UNICEF en Save the Children - voorbereid in samenwerking met het Overseas Development Institute. Nog beter nieuws is dat we weten hoe we nog meer vooruitgang moeten boeken; met meer nadruk op de meest kwetsbare kinderen. Daar waar kinderen het grootste gebrek hebben aan basale voorzieningen, kan op een kosteneffectieve en efficiënte manier snel vooruitgang worden geboekt.
Casestudies in het rapport laten zien dat verschillende factoren bijdragen aan de vooruitgang voor kinderen: sterkere en expliciete nationale wil om te investeren in kinderen, ondersteunende programma's en meer ontwikkelingssamenwerking gericht op kinderen.
Het volledige rapport verschijnt binnenkort.
Population growth and linkage with poverty and Infectious diseases.prakashtu
The document discusses population growth, poverty, and infectious diseases. It notes that the world's population is over 7 billion and growing at a rate of 1.14% per year. Nearly half the world lives on less than $2.50 a day, and over 800 million people do not have enough food. Poverty is linked to poor health and infectious diseases, which disproportionately impact developing regions. The document outlines the Millennium Development Goals and notes that progress has been made in reducing poverty and disease prevalence, but over 800 million people still experience hunger worldwide.
This document discusses poverty, including its definition, types, causes, and effects. It also examines strategies to reduce poverty. Poverty is defined as a lack of material goods or money. There are two main types: absolute poverty involving basic needs, and relative poverty comparing living standards within a society. Major causes include lack of education, disease, and limited economic opportunities. Effects are on both individuals, like poor health, and societies, such as less economic growth. Recommended solutions involve both short-term actions like job creation, and long-term investments in education, healthcare, and sustainable development. The ultimate goal is to break the intergenerational cycle of poverty.
Malcolm Potts Crisis in the Sahel: Where Population and Climate Change Are Co...LIDC
rofessor Malcolm Potts, renowned in the field of public health, gave a one-off keynote lecture for LIDC. The lecture, at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, focused on the emerging humanitarian disaster in the Sahel. It has been central to the work of his team for several years.
Similar to Shape the future seaford head school (20)
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2. REVIEWING THE FIRST SET OF GOALS
POSITIVE OUTCOMES N E G AT I V E O U T C O M E S
• Between 1999 and 2009, 43 million children enrolled in • Lacked detail regarding specific global problems.
primary education. The rate of enrolment in Sub-
Saharan Africa has increased by 18%. • There is no set definition of poverty therefore where
1 meal a day in the UK is poor it is average in Kenya.
• There has been a reduction of the proportion of
people living on less than $1.25 per day by 600 • Relative success; how were the MDGs meant to be
million. measured? Was the aim to bring all countries up to
the same level of development or ensure that all
• In 20 years, the number of deaths in children under the countries were improving at the same rate?
age of 5, has decreased from 12.4 million to 7.6 million
per year. Five in nine developing regions have reduced • The goals were not achievable in regards to
the under-five mortality rate by 50%. resources and time available.
• Between 1990 and 2012, maternal mortality has • The set goals required more promotion in order
decreased by 47%. create awareness.
• In the past decade, 200,000 deaths from Malaria • Goals weren’t tailored towards LEDCs.
have been prevented each year.
• 117 countries have passed laws regarding wage
equality.
Source of photo: http://www.makepovertyhistory.com.au/millennium-development-goals/
4. 1. CLEAN DRINKING WATER FOR EVERYONE
Clean drinking water is so important, it is vital everyone has it! The water that people in LEDCS drink
carries many diseases that could kill. Millions of people die everyday because of the contaminated water
they are forced to drink to survive. Everyone is entitled to fresh drinking water. Some children have to
spend five hours or more walking to get dirty water when children should be getting an education. We plan
to do this throughout the fifteen years while the other goals are going on as we feel although it is the most
important, it is going to be the hardest to complete. We thought by taking the whole fifteen years to
complete the goal, people will put more value on clean water. We’ve been corresponding with several
different water related charities such as Water Aid as to whether or not they will support us in this.
5. 2. EDUCATION FOR ALL CHILDREN
Children need an education. There are 115 million children around the world who are not in school and our goal is to
give them all a primary education. Children need to be able to read, write and count. Adults all over the world are
suffering because they can’t do any of these basic things. This needs to stop, children have a right to have an
education and we want to give them that right.
Even if they are lucky enough to go school, one third of the children either drop out or get kicked out before they can
achieve a basic education. We are aiming to set up one new school every six months. We are going to look for the
countries that suffer from lack of education and work on one country at a time.
’Education Ministry Spokesman Petros Woldegiorgis tells how Ethiopia, which had fewer than 2,000 primary schools
15 years ago now has 280,000, and is on the verge of providing access to education for all of its 20 million school age
children.’’ This is a quote from our link school, Ada Model in Ethiopia. It shows that universal primary education is
possible. Furthermore, with our help the amount of children getting education will be raised to 100% in Ethiopia. We
aim to achieve this from 2015-2030. We want to make sure we have enough time to complete the goal. Also, once
people are starting to get clean drinking water, they won’t need their children to walk to get it and they will be able
to go to school instead.
6. 3. COMBAT TERRORISM
We are aware that terrorism is an increasing issue, therefore we would like to introduce
education to the youth brought up in areas were terrorism is a growing problem. In
cooperation with our link school, Ada Model in Ethiopia, we have devised this goal, to
prevent terrorism which is especially common in parts of Africa. Most terrorist attacks are
provoked by either jealousy of another country, or a certain religion/belief/culture may
have been offended. We believe that global communication is key to preventing attacks.
The U.S. government released statistics yesterday documenting a dramatic increase in
terrorist attacks last year and a death toll of close to 2,000 people around the globe. We
want to work on this goal throughout the fifteen years, as it is a big problem and we must
make sure it is completed to a high standard.
Source of photo: http://publicsafety.ohio.gov/NPM/ReadyForTerrorism.stm
7. 4. EVERYONE HAS A MEAL EVERYDAY
All people deserve at least one meal a day. People like us who live in MEDC’s have more than enough food
today and a lot goes to waste. We think we should help to put a stop to this and help the people who need the
food to live. Even one meal is more than enough for these people. Imagine not having anything to eat or
maybe a little and then you can get one decent meal a day. How happy would you be?
We want to give enough aid to stop children dying from hunger and help the poorest families feed themselves.
We also think we can encourage governments to stop big companies dodging tax in poor countries so millions
of people can free themselves from hunger. If we stop poor farmers being forced off their land we can grow
crops to feed people and not fuel cars. We want governments and big companies to be honest and open about
their actions that stop people from getting enough food.
8. 5. PREVENT DISEASES
Many of the common deaths across the world are easily preventable, but not enough is being done
to help in LEDCs. 90% of all Malaria deaths occurred in the continent of Africa, but this can be
prevented by providing nets to protect people when they are sleeping, as mosquitos mainly attack
during the night.
Although Malaria can not be prevented by an injection (they are working on one) other common
diseases like rubella, mumps, measles, diphtheria, tetanus, polio, Pertussis (Whooping Cough) and
more can be! We want to get as many people vaccinated as possible.
HIV and AIDs affects many people in both the developed and developing world, but 67% of people
with this disease are in Africa. People in LEDCs should have access to education about safe sex so
that they can be taught about how diseases like this can be prevented and also they should have free
access to contraception.
All these diseases don’t have to end badly as they can be treatable if caught early enough, however if
left un-treated it can result in being a life threatening illness. If everyone, everywhere was told how
to be protected and how to prevent disease, then they will have a longer life and this will increase
the life expectancy. We want this goal completed as soon as possible as it will lead onto our next goal.
9. 6. INCREASE LIFE EXPECTANCY EVERYWHERE
In LEDC’s many people die too early because there is no proper hospitals, equipment or qualified
nurses and doctors. People also die from diseases that are easy to prevent. This was explained in the
previous slide. We feel its necessary to change this. The average life expectancy in Central Africa is 45
years for both men and women. This is just one example of how low the life expectancies are in the
poorer, less developed countries. Our aim is to increase this.
We plan to do this by providing money for hospitals, equipment and qualifications for nurses and
doctors across the globe. We aim to achieve this from 2020-2030 as it is linked to many other goals.
10. 7. REDUCE CARBON EMISSIONS BY 70%
Climate change is more than an issue than ever before, our world is warming up and
this could have disastrous effects in the future. We believe that carbon emissions
need to be reduced by 70% by 2030. This is a goal that will have to be worked on
throughout the fifteen years, as it requires more research to be done and the
methods that can be used to prevent it will take a few years to set up. This is a goal
that can only be completed if MEDCs co-operate, because it is their actions that is
making the weather more unpredictable all over the world. In LEDCs, this has a huge
effect on their crop growing, their access to water and their homes, as they can be
destroyed by monsoons and high winds. The footprint grew 10% from 2009 to
2010, reversing a 19% decline the previous year. We can change this by raising
awareness of the effects that it is having on LEDCs. The poor weather conditions
across the globe induce poor farming which leads to a lack of food.
Source of photo: http://icjproject.org/global-benefits/climate-change/
11. 8. PROTECT UN-OWNED LAND, SEAS AND ANIMALS
We think it is important that all the un-owned land, water and animals are protected because it is all being
destroyed. So many animals have become extinct in the last 10 years and if we don’t protect these animals
the problem is sure to continue to grow. The forests are being cut down and these trees are vital for oxygen so
this will be beneficial for everyone around the world. The seas are being ruined because people are taking so
many fish that populations are becoming extinct.
To stop animals being killed we need to stop poachers .To stop forests being cut down we can make sure when
one tree is cut down another one is grown. We can also make sure that there is one area in every forest that is
not allowed to be cut down. Also, to prevent overfishing we can make sure that the nets they use have
bigger holes so little fish can get through. There should be more laws to prevent people from capturing too
many fish. We are going to try and get this completed from 2026-2030. We have chosen this time scale
because although it is not the most important it does require attention.
12. 9. PROTECTION FOR GIRLS
For many girls, starting their periods means that they will be pulled out of school, forced to get
married and have children. They are forced to give birth but then many schools do not allow
them back into school (if they are lucky enough to go to school in the first place). Also, many
girls die during giving birth or suffer serious damage afterwards. We feel that this is wrong and
it should not be happening. 60% of school girls have to suffer this, we want to try and reduce
this by as much as possible, even down to nothing if we could. By talking to young girls sexually
assaulted, we could help provide them with the necessary support they need and even try to
stop the criminal act of rape. We will try to achieve this from 2016-2025. We have set a realistic
date for this goal as it is a very wide spread problem.
Source of photo: http://www.childlineindia.org.in/girl-child-rights-protection.htm
13. 10. SUSTAINABLE SHELTER EVERYWHERE
Across the world many people are living on the streets or in dilapidated houses, while others have
the luxury of shelter which is sustainable. Everyone should be allowed to live in a home that can
stand against all weather types. Many people have achieved sustainable homes, which are also
efficient and very cheap (It can be done for free) by using recyclable items and natural resources.
Most of them are underground which means they are insulated by the surrounding earth. This
method does not harm the planet like concrete and cement, also rocks can be used instead of these.
Some people could make a living by building these for others.
There are also many natural insulators that are better than the man made products, such as straw
bails and wool. As sustainable shelter (like this idea^) is very cheap, environmentally friendly and
cheap to maintain it can be widely taught and is a fairly easy build. We would aim to try and achieve
this by 2025-2030. We feel that, although this is important, we think we need to prioritise the others
over this which is why we have put this as a slightly later date. We think that clean drinking water
and a meal everyday is a more important goal as they are vital to live.
14.
15. LINK ETHIOPIA
• We have had input from our link
school, Ada Model, in Ethiopia who gave us
inspiration for our goals. Ethiopia was one
of the developing countries that adopted
the millennium declaration in 2000.
• Since then, the country has entered into
political commitment to introduce
appropriate strategies to achieve the
MDGs.
• “ I can say we made [an] education
revolution in the history of this country”-
Petros Woldegirorgis
16. Our Year 7 Assembly
On Friday 8th March 2013, our team presented in an assembly to inform Year 7 about the
current goals and the new ones we want to see improve the poorest parts of the world.
The students were enthusiastic to hear our views on the world. The main topic of the
assembly was ‘One Person Can Change The World.’ We explained that we need the help of
everyone if we are going to fully achieve these upcoming goals. This assembly boosted our
team spirit, giving us more knowledge on what others want to see happen in the world to
improve the lives of the worlds poorest people and has also helped informed our
presentation.
Contacting Charities
We have contacted several charities including Oxfam to see if they can support us with
our ideas. We are awaiting replies at the moment.
Source of photo: http://www.oxfam.org.uk/
17. ‘GLOBAL’- WE ARE THE NEXT GENERATION!
We came up with the idea that we can form a charity called Global to help fund completing the
goals. We can include events that schools and other organisations can do, including;
• Bake sale
• Sponsored run
• Bingo night
• Clothes donations
• Fast for 24 hours
• Sports’ days
• Non school uniform days (with little fundraising events)
• Quiz nights
• Work with larger appeals (e.g. Sports Relief/Comic Relief)
If we go forward with this charity we can really help promote the MDG’S. Furthermore, we can
host events that involve everyone and help provide funding to go towards the new set of goals
so that everyone can play a part and it is not just about the government. As a result, more and
more children will become aware of the goals and want to get involved!
Source of photo:
http://www.nccu.edu/academics/sc/artsandsciences/globalstudies/index.cfm
18. We would especially like to thank members of the Shape the Future club:
We would like to thank these websites for providing the information
• Naomi Baker for our presentation:
• http://www.worldvision.org/news/charity-water-world-vision-
• Florence Hardy partner-clean-water-project
• George Kroon • http://www.childlineindia.org.in/girl-child-rights-protection.htm
• Estelle Bruce • http://www.globalgiving.org/projects/support-children-education-
worldwide/
• Amalia Roberts
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics_of_the_Democratic_R
• Ruth Shorten epublic_of_the_Congo#Life_expectancy_at_birth
• Sonny Small • http://www.worldlifeexpectancy.com/niger-life-expectancy
• George Williams-Walton• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_life_expectancy
• http://www.ldaf.louisiana.gov/portal/offices/forestry/forestprotectio
• Kieran Edmonds n/tabid/135/default.aspx
• Annabelle Taylor • http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2012/dec/14/imports-uk-
• Amy Collins carbon-emissions
• http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/static/in_depth/sci_tech/2000/cli
• Rowan Ridley
mate_change/impact/default.stm
19. TEAM GLOBAL
IN THE COLOURS OF OUR
LINK SCHOOL IN ETHIOPIA
Maisie and Alison Morgan and Zoe