The document outlines various forms of government, including monarchy (absolute and limited), aristocracy, and democracy (direct and indirect). It also differentiates between unitary and federal governments, explaining the division of powers and the relationship between executive and legislative branches through parliamentary and presidential systems. Additionally, it provides specific details about Brazil's constitutional republic structure, including its bicameral legislature and state autonomy.

2. Forms of Government
Persons exercising
powers:
• Monarchy
• Aristocracy
• Democracy
Powers exercise by
the nat’l or central
gov’t
• Unitary gov’t
• Federal gov’t
Relationship of the
exec. & legis.
branch
• Parliamentary
gov’t
• Presidential
gov’t

3. BASED NUMBER OF PERSONS
EXERCISING POWERS

4. Monarchy
One in which the supreme and final authority is
in the hands of a single person without regard
to the source of his election or the nature or
duration of his tenure.

5. Monarchy
Absolute monarchy
One in which the ruler
rules by divine right
The monarch exercises
ultimate governing
authority as head of
state and head of
government
Limited monarchy
One in which the ruler
rules in accordance with
a constitution
A form of government in
which a monarch acts as
head of state

6. Example Monarch Countries
Absolute
Monarchy
Kingdom of
Saudi Arabia
Brunei
Darussalam
Limited
Monarchy
United Kingdom
The Netherlands
Spain

7. Aristocracy
- One in which political power is
exercised by a few privileged class
- A state characterized by the rule of
nobility, elite, or privileged upper class

8. Democracy
• One in which the political power is
exercised by a majority of the
people.
• “…government of the people, by
the people, for the people…,”
Abraham Lincoln

9. Subtypes of Democracy
DirectorPure
• One in which the
will of the state
is formulated or
expressed
directly through
the people in a
mass meeting or
primary
assembly IndirectorRepublican
• The people
choose their
representatives
to govern them
in public affairs

10. BASED ON POWERS EXERCISED BY THE
CENTRAL OR NATIONAL
GOVERNMENT:

11. Unitary government
Unitary government
The control of
the national
and local
affairs is
exercised by
the central or
national
government.

12. Federal Government
Federal Government
The powers of
government are
divided between
the national
affairs and the
local
government,
each supreme
within its own
sphere.

13. Unitary Federal
Examples: China, United Kingdom
(although Scotland has been
granted self-rule).
The United States, Australia, the
Federal Republic of Germany.

14. BASED ON THE RELATIONSHIP
BETWEEN THE EXECUTIVE AND THE
LEGISLATIVE BRANCHES

15. Parliamentary government
Parliamentary government
The legislature
chooses the
head of the
government,
which is part of
the legislature
and under its
control.

16. Presidential government
Presidential government
Based on the
principle of
separation of
powers among
the Executive, the
Legislature, and
the Judiciary. The
President is
directly elected
by the people

17. Parliamentary Government

18. Presidential Government

19. State of Brazil
Brazil is a constitutional republic of 26 states and one federal district. Each
state has its own governments, with powers in all matters not specifically
reserved for the Union.
The executive power is vested in the same head of the state and
government, directly elected with non-renewable 5-year term and
limited authority. He is assisted by his cabinet members.
Legislative power is exercised by a bicameral National Congress, the
Chamber of Deputies and the Senate. The Congress has the power to
rule in all matters that are under the jurisdiction of the union. The
Chamber of Deputies is composed of representatives of the states and
elected every four years by direct universal suffrage and secret ballot in
proportion to the population of each state. On the other hand, the
Senate is formed by representatives of the states, who shall serve for a
term of eight years.
The 26 states have autonomous laws and constitutions within the
provisions of the constitution.