26. Remember:
•During the convergence of an oceanic
and continental plate, the denser
oceanic plate slides under the
continental plate. The process is called
subduction.
•Geologic events such as formation of
volcanoes and trenches as well as
occurrence of earthquake will take place
because of this process.
35. Remember:
• When two oceanic plates converge they
also undergo subduction process. This
gives rise to the formation of volcanic
island arcs, trenches and generates
shallow, intermediate or deep
earthquakes.
• Strong earthquakes generated at the
ocean floor may cause displacement of
large volume of water and launch big
waves called tsunami.
45. Remember:
•When two continental plates
meet head-on, neither is
subducted. Instead, the crust
tends to buckle and be pushed
upward causing formation of
mountain ranges and other
highlands.
48. Act 4: Going Separate Ways
OBJECTIVES:
•Explain the processes that
occur along divergent
boundaries.
•Determine the results of plates
that are moving apart.
50. Q29. Millions of years ago, the
landmasses in each picture were
once connected. What do you
think is happening to the earth’s
crust in those pictures?
Q30. If this event continues for
million of years, what do you think
will be the effect on the crust?
67. Remember:
•Effects that are found at a divergent
boundary between oceanic plates
include: a submarine mountain range
such as the mid-Atlantic Ridge; volcanic
activity in the form of fissure eruptions;
shallow earthquake activity; creation of
new seafloor; and a widening ocean
basin.
68. Remember:
•If a divergent boundary is
between continental plates,
the effects are: rift valley
formation which will soon
develop into linear sea;
shallow earthquake activities,
and numerous normal faults.
69. Bring the ff: (by group)
4 packs of wafer/biscuit
( 2 wafer same size;
another 2 wafer same size)
Masking tape
sandpaper
72. FAULT
•a fracture, fissure, or a zone of
weakness where ground
movement or displacement has
occurred or may occur again.
FAULTING
•is the cause of TECTONIC
EARTHQUAKES
77. Act. 5: Slide and Shake
OBJECTIVE:
•Determine the effect of
transform-fault
boundary on the Earth’s
crust.
78. Procedure:
1. Create 4 blocks of clay. (2 blocks same size, another 2 same size)
2. Divide and cut the sand paper into 2.
3. Place the sand paper below the blocks of clay. (1 inch bigger-all sides)
4. Arrange the blocks as shown in the illustration belo
Block of
Clay
Cut part of the
sand paper
(below)
Not included (Pull
the sand paper
instead)
79. 5. Slowly pull Blocks 2 and 3 (pull the
sand paper) to the direction indicated
by the arrow. Observe the motion of
the blocks.
Answer the ff. questions after the Act.
Q32. Were you able to pull
the blocks of clay easily?
Why or why not?
80. Q33. What can you say about the
relative motion of blocks 1 and 2?
How about blocks 3 and 4?
Q34. How will you describe the
interaction between blocks 2 and 3
as you pull each block?
Q35. What is the interaction
between blocks 1 and 3? How
about between blocks 2 and 4?
82. •Most transform faults join two
segments of a mid-ocean ridge
(represented by the gaps between 1 and 2, and between 3
and 4). Remember that the presence of a
ridge is an indication of diverging
plates, and as the plates diverge
between the two segments of the mid-
ocean ridge, the adjacent slabs of
crust are grinding past each other
(blocks 2 and 3, blocks 1 and 3, and blocks 2 and 4).
93. Act. 6: Hot Spot
Bring:
Printed copy of Act.6 pages 31-32(grp)
2 sheets of bond paper (grp)
1 bottle denatured alcohol (class)
94. CAUTION: HOT! HOT! HOT!
HOTSPOT!
Make your area free from combustible materials.
Girls should tie their hair.
Be careful in handling the test tube. The mouth is ALWAYS
pointing AWAY from anybody.
Handle the alcohol lamp with care. Know how to put the fire off
properly.
During the activity....
DON’T TOUCH THE TUBE WITH BARE HANDS!
DON’T PLAY WITH THE FIRE!
DON’T GET BURNED!
104. Remember:
• Transform-fault boundaries are where
two plates are sliding horizontally past
one another.
• Most transform faults are found on the
ocean floor. They commonly offset active
spreading ridges, producing zigzag plate
margins, and generally defined by
shallow earthquakes.