Introduction
Why do we need plasticizers?
Mechanism of action of plasticizers
Properties of plasticizers
Classification of plasticizers
Selection of plasticizers
Effect of plasticizer on permeability of film.
Effect of plasticizer on mechanical properties of film.
Effect on residual internal stress.
Effect of plasticizers on release rates of drug.
Texture of plasticized films.
Limitations.
Conclusion.
Additives of Polymer, Additives of plastic, Improve properties of Plastic, Ty...Jaynish Amipara
additives of plastic.
uses of filler in plastic.
types of a heat stabilizer.
types of lubricant.
types of plasticizer in plastic.
plastic in antioxidant.
Short Description related to the rubber filler properties and Rubber filler types ( Reinforcing fillers, Semi- reinforcing fillers and Non-reinforcing fillers). e.g.:- Carbon Black, Silica, Calcium Carbonate, Clay and Miscellaneous Fillers
Detailed description of types of plasticizers, mode of selection, types of effects produced on polymers and optimization of plasticizers in aqueous/organic coating based systems.
Introduction
Why do we need plasticizers?
Mechanism of action of plasticizers
Properties of plasticizers
Classification of plasticizers
Selection of plasticizers
Effect of plasticizer on permeability of film.
Effect of plasticizer on mechanical properties of film.
Effect on residual internal stress.
Effect of plasticizers on release rates of drug.
Texture of plasticized films.
Limitations.
Conclusion.
Additives of Polymer, Additives of plastic, Improve properties of Plastic, Ty...Jaynish Amipara
additives of plastic.
uses of filler in plastic.
types of a heat stabilizer.
types of lubricant.
types of plasticizer in plastic.
plastic in antioxidant.
Short Description related to the rubber filler properties and Rubber filler types ( Reinforcing fillers, Semi- reinforcing fillers and Non-reinforcing fillers). e.g.:- Carbon Black, Silica, Calcium Carbonate, Clay and Miscellaneous Fillers
Detailed description of types of plasticizers, mode of selection, types of effects produced on polymers and optimization of plasticizers in aqueous/organic coating based systems.
Miscibility and Thermodynamics of Polymer BlendsAbhinand Krishna
Presentation includes classification of polymer blends based on miscibility, phase diagram of polymer blends and thermodynamics polymer blends which includes Gibbs energy theory and Flory-Huggins Theory
Miscibility and Thermodynamics of Polymer BlendsAbhinand Krishna
Presentation includes classification of polymer blends based on miscibility, phase diagram of polymer blends and thermodynamics polymer blends which includes Gibbs energy theory and Flory-Huggins Theory
Plastic waste management- Conventional and New Technologyrmeena99
Plastic is a material consisting of any of a wide range of synthetic or semi-synthetic organic compounds that are malleable and can be molded into solid objects. Plastics are typically organic polymers of high molecular mass, but they often contain other substances. They are usually synthetic, most commonly derived from petrochemicals, but many are made from renewable materials such as polylactic acid from corn or cellulosics from cotton linters.Plasticity is the general property of all materials that are able to irreversibly deform without breaking, but this occurs to such a degree with this class of moldable polymers that their name is an emphasis on this ability.
Dendritic polymers are excellent modifiers for polyamide (PA) because of the unique structure and physicochemical characteristics. 1) Improve tensile strength, flexural strength, impact strength and rheological properties (improve melt fluidity, lower plasticizing temperature) in PA6 ; 2) Used as compatilizer for PA6, PP or other nylon, such as PA11, PA1010 , improve both compatibility and mechanical properties; 3) Improve dispersion of glass fibers, carbon fibers and various inorganic fillers in PA6; 4) Decrease spinning temperature of nylon to reduce thermal degradation; 5) Endow PA6 with excellent low temperature toughness, thereby increase performance of low temperature resistance.
High-Performance UV-Curable PUDs With High Renewable Carbon ContentSartomer
This presentation addresses the use of UV-curable polyurethane dispersions for sustainable coatings. Features, properties, effects and project conclusions are discussed. For more information, please visit www.sartomer.com or follow Sartomer on Twitter @SartomerGlobal. Thanks for viewing!
Introduction
Why do we need plasticizers?
Mechanism of action of plasticizers
Properties of plasticizers
Classification of plasticizers
Selection of plasticizers
Effect of plasticizer on permeability of film.
Effect of plasticizer on mechanical properties of film.
Effect on residual internal stress.
Effect of plasticizers on release rates of drug.
Texture of plasticized films.
Limitations.
Conclusion.
Film Coated Tablet and Film Coating raw materials.pdfPharmatech-rx
A film coated tablet is a type of oral medication where the tablet's surface is covered with a thin layer of a polymer or similar material. This coating serves several purposes, including masking the taste of the medication, protecting the tablet from moisture, and making it easier to swallow.
The production of paper is essentially the dewatering of a
paper making slurry, which takes place on a moving wire
(Forming Fabric). This process of uniform drainage and sheet
http://www.wirefabrik.com/snippets/919297664SNIP-OCT10.pdf
RMD24 | Debunking the non-endemic revenue myth Marvin Vacquier Droop | First ...BBPMedia1
Marvin neemt je in deze presentatie mee in de voordelen van non-endemic advertising op retail media netwerken. Hij brengt ook de uitdagingen in beeld die de markt op dit moment heeft op het gebied van retail media voor niet-leveranciers.
Retail media wordt gezien als het nieuwe advertising-medium en ook mediabureaus richten massaal retail media-afdelingen op. Merken die niet in de betreffende winkel liggen staan ook nog niet in de rij om op de retail media netwerken te adverteren. Marvin belicht de uitdagingen die er zijn om echt aansluiting te vinden op die markt van non-endemic advertising.
Digital Transformation and IT Strategy Toolkit and TemplatesAurelien Domont, MBA
This Digital Transformation and IT Strategy Toolkit was created by ex-McKinsey, Deloitte and BCG Management Consultants, after more than 5,000 hours of work. It is considered the world's best & most comprehensive Digital Transformation and IT Strategy Toolkit. It includes all the Frameworks, Best Practices & Templates required to successfully undertake the Digital Transformation of your organization and define a robust IT Strategy.
Editable Toolkit to help you reuse our content: 700 Powerpoint slides | 35 Excel sheets | 84 minutes of Video training
This PowerPoint presentation is only a small preview of our Toolkits. For more details, visit www.domontconsulting.com
Discover the innovative and creative projects that highlight my journey throu...dylandmeas
Discover the innovative and creative projects that highlight my journey through Full Sail University. Below, you’ll find a collection of my work showcasing my skills and expertise in digital marketing, event planning, and media production.
Business Valuation Principles for EntrepreneursBen Wann
This insightful presentation is designed to equip entrepreneurs with the essential knowledge and tools needed to accurately value their businesses. Understanding business valuation is crucial for making informed decisions, whether you're seeking investment, planning to sell, or simply want to gauge your company's worth.
Memorandum Of Association Constitution of Company.pptseri bangash
www.seribangash.com
A Memorandum of Association (MOA) is a legal document that outlines the fundamental principles and objectives upon which a company operates. It serves as the company's charter or constitution and defines the scope of its activities. Here's a detailed note on the MOA:
Contents of Memorandum of Association:
Name Clause: This clause states the name of the company, which should end with words like "Limited" or "Ltd." for a public limited company and "Private Limited" or "Pvt. Ltd." for a private limited company.
https://seribangash.com/article-of-association-is-legal-doc-of-company/
Registered Office Clause: It specifies the location where the company's registered office is situated. This office is where all official communications and notices are sent.
Objective Clause: This clause delineates the main objectives for which the company is formed. It's important to define these objectives clearly, as the company cannot undertake activities beyond those mentioned in this clause.
www.seribangash.com
Liability Clause: It outlines the extent of liability of the company's members. In the case of companies limited by shares, the liability of members is limited to the amount unpaid on their shares. For companies limited by guarantee, members' liability is limited to the amount they undertake to contribute if the company is wound up.
https://seribangash.com/promotors-is-person-conceived-formation-company/
Capital Clause: This clause specifies the authorized capital of the company, i.e., the maximum amount of share capital the company is authorized to issue. It also mentions the division of this capital into shares and their respective nominal value.
Association Clause: It simply states that the subscribers wish to form a company and agree to become members of it, in accordance with the terms of the MOA.
Importance of Memorandum of Association:
Legal Requirement: The MOA is a legal requirement for the formation of a company. It must be filed with the Registrar of Companies during the incorporation process.
Constitutional Document: It serves as the company's constitutional document, defining its scope, powers, and limitations.
Protection of Members: It protects the interests of the company's members by clearly defining the objectives and limiting their liability.
External Communication: It provides clarity to external parties, such as investors, creditors, and regulatory authorities, regarding the company's objectives and powers.
https://seribangash.com/difference-public-and-private-company-law/
Binding Authority: The company and its members are bound by the provisions of the MOA. Any action taken beyond its scope may be considered ultra vires (beyond the powers) of the company and therefore void.
Amendment of MOA:
While the MOA lays down the company's fundamental principles, it is not entirely immutable. It can be amended, but only under specific circumstances and in compliance with legal procedures. Amendments typically require shareholder
Kseniya Leshchenko: Shared development support service model as the way to ma...Lviv Startup Club
Kseniya Leshchenko: Shared development support service model as the way to make small projects with small budgets profitable for the company (UA)
Kyiv PMDay 2024 Summer
Website – www.pmday.org
Youtube – https://www.youtube.com/startuplviv
FB – https://www.facebook.com/pmdayconference
VAT Registration Outlined In UAE: Benefits and Requirementsuae taxgpt
Vat Registration is a legal obligation for businesses meeting the threshold requirement, helping companies avoid fines and ramifications. Contact now!
https://viralsocialtrends.com/vat-registration-outlined-in-uae/
"𝑩𝑬𝑮𝑼𝑵 𝑾𝑰𝑻𝑯 𝑻𝑱 𝑰𝑺 𝑯𝑨𝑳𝑭 𝑫𝑶𝑵𝑬"
𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐬 (𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐦𝐮𝐧𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬) is a professional event agency that includes experts in the event-organizing market in Vietnam, Korea, and ASEAN countries. We provide unlimited types of events from Music concerts, Fan meetings, and Culture festivals to Corporate events, Internal company events, Golf tournaments, MICE events, and Exhibitions.
𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐬 provides unlimited package services including such as Event organizing, Event planning, Event production, Manpower, PR marketing, Design 2D/3D, VIP protocols, Interpreter agency, etc.
Sports events - Golf competitions/billiards competitions/company sports events: dynamic and challenging
⭐ 𝐅𝐞𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞𝐝 𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐣𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐬:
➢ 2024 BAEKHYUN [Lonsdaleite] IN HO CHI MINH
➢ SUPER JUNIOR-L.S.S. THE SHOW : Th3ee Guys in HO CHI MINH
➢FreenBecky 1st Fan Meeting in Vietnam
➢CHILDREN ART EXHIBITION 2024: BEYOND BARRIERS
➢ WOW K-Music Festival 2023
➢ Winner [CROSS] Tour in HCM
➢ Super Show 9 in HCM with Super Junior
➢ HCMC - Gyeongsangbuk-do Culture and Tourism Festival
➢ Korean Vietnam Partnership - Fair with LG
➢ Korean President visits Samsung Electronics R&D Center
➢ Vietnam Food Expo with Lotte Wellfood
"𝐄𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐲 𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐢𝐬 𝐚 𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐲, 𝐚 𝐬𝐩𝐞𝐜𝐢𝐚𝐥 𝐣𝐨𝐮𝐫𝐧𝐞𝐲. 𝐖𝐞 𝐚𝐥𝐰𝐚𝐲𝐬 𝐛𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐞𝐯𝐞 𝐭𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐬𝐡𝐨𝐫𝐭𝐥𝐲 𝐲𝐨𝐮 𝐰𝐢𝐥𝐥 𝐛𝐞 𝐚 𝐩𝐚𝐫𝐭 𝐨𝐟 𝐨𝐮𝐫 𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐢𝐞𝐬."
Skye Residences | Extended Stay Residences Near Toronto Airportmarketingjdass
Experience unparalleled EXTENDED STAY and comfort at Skye Residences located just minutes from Toronto Airport. Discover sophisticated accommodations tailored for discerning travelers.
Website Link :
https://skyeresidences.com/
https://skyeresidences.com/about-us/
https://skyeresidences.com/gallery/
https://skyeresidences.com/rooms/
https://skyeresidences.com/near-by-attractions/
https://skyeresidences.com/commute/
https://skyeresidences.com/contact/
https://skyeresidences.com/queen-suite-with-sofa-bed/
https://skyeresidences.com/queen-suite-with-sofa-bed-and-balcony/
https://skyeresidences.com/queen-suite-with-sofa-bed-accessible/
https://skyeresidences.com/2-bedroom-deluxe-queen-suite-with-sofa-bed/
https://skyeresidences.com/2-bedroom-deluxe-king-queen-suite-with-sofa-bed/
https://skyeresidences.com/2-bedroom-deluxe-queen-suite-with-sofa-bed-accessible/
#Skye Residences Etobicoke, #Skye Residences Near Toronto Airport, #Skye Residences Toronto, #Skye Hotel Toronto, #Skye Hotel Near Toronto Airport, #Hotel Near Toronto Airport, #Near Toronto Airport Accommodation, #Suites Near Toronto Airport, #Etobicoke Suites Near Airport, #Hotel Near Toronto Pearson International Airport, #Toronto Airport Suite Rentals, #Pearson Airport Hotel Suites
3.0 Project 2_ Developing My Brand Identity Kit.pptxtanyjahb
A personal brand exploration presentation summarizes an individual's unique qualities and goals, covering strengths, values, passions, and target audience. It helps individuals understand what makes them stand out, their desired image, and how they aim to achieve it.
Falcon stands out as a top-tier P2P Invoice Discounting platform in India, bridging esteemed blue-chip companies and eager investors. Our goal is to transform the investment landscape in India by establishing a comprehensive destination for borrowers and investors with diverse profiles and needs, all while minimizing risk. What sets Falcon apart is the elimination of intermediaries such as commercial banks and depository institutions, allowing investors to enjoy higher yields.
2. PLASTICIZER
Chemicals that are added to other polymeric
substances, to improve the flexibility of the
polymer or to aid in processing the polymer.
Additive designed to space out the polymer
molecules, facilitating their movements and
leading to enhanced flexibility (lower modulus)and
ductility. Widely used to convert PVC from the rigid
to the flexible variety. Can sometimes be
polymeric.
The main role of the plasticizer is to improve
mechanical properties of the polymers by
increasing flexibility, decreasing tensile strength
and lowering the second order transition 2
temperature
3. CONT...
Mostly used in PVC (second largest material selling in
Western Europe).
80-90% plasticizers are used in PVC.
The Successful addition of a plasticizer will result in
the formation of a product with a degree of
flexibility, such as a cable insulation or sheathing, a
floor covering or flexible profile.
Plasticizers acts to reduce the Tg of PVC .
3
4. PLASTICIZER MARKET
6 million ton plasticizer produced every year.
80-90% of the worldwide consumption is in PVC
4
5. MECHANISM.......
As plasticizers usually possess relatively long alkyl chains,
they have the effect of screening the polymer chains from
each other, thereby preventing them from re-forming the
chain-chain interactions which give the unplasticized polymer
its rigidity.
5
6. PLASTICIZATION THEORIES
Lubricity Theory: Plasticizer acts as a lubricant,
reducing intermolecular friction between polymer
molecules responsible for rigidity of the polymer.
Gel Theory: Polymers are formed by an internal
three-dimensional network
Free Volume Theory: Plasticizer lowers the glass
transition temperature (Tg) of the polymer.
Mechanistic Theory: Plasticizer molecules are not
bound permanently to the polymer molecules form.
6
7. CLASSIFICATION
Majority of plasticizers are Organic Esters.
According to technique of Plasticization
External Internal
Not physically bound to Group constituting a part
polymer & can of a basic polymer chain, 7
evaporate, migrate or which may incorporate
exude from polymer. bet. chain
8. CLASSIFICATION
Other
Conventionally classified as
Primary Secondary
Sufficient level of
Limited compatibility & can
compatibility to be used
exude if used alone.
give desirable effect. 8
Incorporate with primary
directly interact with
plasticizer.
chain.
10. PHTHALATES
Most widely use as plasticizer.
Phthalates accounts 92% of all plasticizers.
A Phthalate ester derived from phthalic acid by an
esterification reaction.
Properties: Colorless Oily liquid ( like vegetable oil)
Ester odor, High boiling point, Inert and very stable over
long periods
10
11. DOP/DEHP
Primary use as plasticizer.
Insoluble in water, Boiling point: 386.9oc,Density:
0.9732 g/L, Molecular weight: 390.5618 g/mol.
Production: Phthalic anhydride with 2-ehaxenol:
C6H4(CO)2O + 2 C8H17OH → C6H4(CO2 C8H17)2 + H2O
Used in medical devices ,Toys, Pacifiers, Vinyl
Upholstery, Food containers, Table cloths, Shower
curtains.
11
12. DINP
Mixture of chemical compounds consisting of various
isononyl esters & phthalic acid.
Properties :Insoluble in H2O,Soluble in most organic
solvents, Boiling point: 250Density: 0.98g/cc, Molecular
weight: 418.6 g/mol.
Use in Replacing DEHP in toys when initially
determined to be carcinogenic.
12
13. DIDP
Mixture of compounds derived from the esterification of
phthalic acid & isomeric decyl alcohol.
Properties: density:0.96g/cc, melting point: -50, boiling
point: 250-257c at 0.5KPa.
Uses in plastisol application, provides good initial
viscosities & excellent viscosity stability.
13
14. SEBACATES & ADIPATES
Dibutyl Sebacate is an organic chemical , a dibutyl ester of
sebacic acid.
Properties: density: 0.94g/cc, boiling point:344.5c , melting
point:-10c, flash point: 178c.
Used in food packaging industry, in plastics used for medical
devices, and for pharmaceutical applications,
14
15. TRIMELLITATE PLASTICIZERS -
Synthesized using one mole of trimellitic anhydride and 3
moles of an alcohol. The third alkyl group, compared to
phthalates, contributes higher molecular weight (low
diffusivity);the third ester group contributes sufficient polarity
to enhance compatibility with PVC.
15
Tri (2-ethylhexyl) Trimellitate
16. FATTY ACID ESTERS
Esters of fatty acids & monocarboxylic acids can be
used as viscosities depressant for PVC pastes &
also as secondary plasticizers for plasticized PVC.
Present in liquid form.
Stearic acid esters are used as plasticizers &
processing agent for various plastics & also as
lubricants for PS.
16
17. OLIGOMERIC/POLYMERIC PLASTICIZER
These extend the life of PVC products considerably
They reduce migration, extraction & volatility.
In these adipates are generally used in mixture with
other plasticizer to increase plasticization & improve
low temp. Properties.
Epoxied plasticizer (soybean oil & linseed oil) are
used as stabilizing plasticizer offering properties of
migration resistance in PVC compounds.
17
19. SELECTION CRITERIA
Choice of plasticizer depends upon the properties
required in final product, the application technology
used to make it !!
Prize boundaries present for product process.
Stability in processing & service condition.
Compatibility & ease of mixing.
Toxicity. 19
20. PLASTICIZER EFFICIENCY..
The measure of concentration of plasticizer require
to improve a specifies softness to PVC.
Plasticizer efficiency increases as carbon number
of alcohol chain decreases.
For phthalates,
BBP>DIHP>DOP>DINP>DIDP
Linear plasticizer is more efficient.
20
21. HEALTH & SAFETY...
• First plasticizer
1860
• Phthalates Introduced
1930
• DEHP Declared Carcinogenic
1980
• IARC Re-classifies DEHP as non-
1998 carcinogenic
• European Parliament calls for
2001 alternatives to phthalates 21