This document provides an overview of plasma physics and its applications. It introduces plasma as the fourth state of matter and discusses its fundamental properties and types. The document outlines various methods for plasma formation, including passive thermal ionization and active generation using external energy sources. Atmospheric and vacuum plasma generation techniques are examined, along with their applications in science, technology, and industry. The document concludes that plasma physics remains an interesting field with opportunities for new discoveries.

1. Plasma Physics:
Fundamentals
and Applications
Dr. Sergey Korenev
1

2. Content
•
•
•
•
•
•
Introduction to Plasma Physics.
Fundamental aspects of Plasma Physics.
Methods and equipment for plasma forming.
Applications of atmospheric plasma.
Applications of vacuum plasma.
Conclusion.
2

3. 3

4. Examples
4

5. Fundamental questions
1. Nature of plasma.
2. Fundamental properties.
3. Types of plasma.
5

6. 6

7. Plasma Components
Plasma is 4th state of matter and
consists from mix of ions,
electrons, atoms, molecules.
7

8. Types of Plasma
1. Ionized gas. More understanding.
2. Ionized solid state (Example: ionized
semiconductors ( Fast ionized dinistors)).
3. Ionized liquid (Example: breakdown of water or
oil).
4. Dust plasma.
5. Cluster plasma (Example: evaporated plasma in
electron source).
8

9. Main parameters of plasma
1. Density Ne – number of electrons in volume, 1/cm3.
2. Temperature T, [eV]. 1 eV = 11606 K ~ 104K.
mv 2
3
e U 
  kT
2
2
eU[J]
eU[eV] kT[J]
T[eV]
3. Langmuir frequency- plasma frequency:
9

10. Main directions
1. Methods and devices for forming of
plasma.
2. Applications of plasma in science,
technology and industry.
10

11. Methods and devices for
forming of plasma
It is very complicated area:
1. Fundamental knowledge and
understanding of plasma physics.
2. Knowledge and experience in electrical
engineering.
11

12. Main tasks
1. Forming of volume plasma.
2. Forming of large cross section
plasma
12

13. Passive and active generation
of plasma
1. Passive generation of plasma:
Thermal ionization and chemical
processes.
2. Active generation of plasma:
Ionization of atoms & molecules
by external active energy source.
13

14. General structure of active
plasma source
14

15. Gas plasma
Electrical field
Electrons
Ionization
Excitation
Dissociation
GAS
PLASMA
External particles,
protons, muons,
ions, X-rays, UV,
Laser
15

16. Atmosphere plasma
Atmosphere plasma – generation of
plasma for pressure 760 Torr.
Hard conditions: variation of temperature,
humanity.
The types of plasma:
1. Pulsed plasma.
2. DC
3. AC, RF MW plasma
16

17. Atmosphere plasma
1. Corona discharge.
2. Barrier Dielectric Discharge
3. Arc.
4. Pulsed discharge.
5. Gliding discharge.
17

18. Types of pulsed plasma
generators
SWITCHES
HIGH
VOLTAGE
POWER
SUPPLY
CHARGE
POWER
SUPPLY
R
SWITCH
PLASMA
L
C
C
HVD
Rcur
PIN
ELECTRODE
PLATE
ELECTRODE
CURRENT
TRANSFORMER
SWITCH
DIELECTRIC
METAL PLATE
CHARGE
POWER
SUPPLY
C
L
METAL
GRID
METAL
ELECTRODE
18
SCOPE

19. Atmosphere pressure
plasma generator
19

20. Pulsed High Voltage
Generators
1. Nanosecond generator with high
repetition.
2. Picosecond generators with
high repetition..
20

21. Pulsed High Voltage
Generators
1. Induction energy storage.
2. Capacitor energy storage.
3. Combined capacitor-induction
energy storages.
21

22. Pulsed High Voltage
Generators
1. Novel switches based on open
semiconductors.
2. Hydrogen Thyrotrons.
22

23. High Pressure gas plasma
Main reason of increasing pressure is increasing of
electrical insulation.
Gas sparks for high voltage and pulsed power
equipment.
Different gases: N2, SF6, N2+CO.
23

24. Ionization of gas by
charged particles
 Ionization gas by charged particles
is effective method for generation
of volume plasma.
24

25. Vacuum plasma
1. Forming of plasma for glow discharge .
2. Forming of clusters high energy plasma
for technical vacuum.
3. Forming of magnetron discharge.
25

26. Applications of plasma
in Industry
Applications of atmospheric
and vacuum plasma
26

27. Atmospheric plasma
Positive
Problem
Pressurized
plasma
State between
liquid and gas
Materials
science &
technology
High voltage
engineering
Large cross
section
Plasma
chemistry
Environmental
applications
Pulsed power
technologies
Instrumentation
& diagnostics
27

28. Vacuum plasma
Positive
High purity
matter
Materials
science &
technology
Problem
Large cross
section
Vacuum plasma
Clusters and
fractal
technologies
Generation
of beams
Microwave
and pulsed
power
technologies
Instrumentation
& diagnostics
New state
of matter
28

29. Conclusion
The plasma physics is
interesting and opened field of
Physics for new discoveries.
.
29

30. 30