The document discusses the structures and functions of plant roots, stems, and leaves. It explains that plants have either taproots or fibrous roots, and that roots absorb water and minerals. The stem transports water and nutrients throughout the plant and has nodes, buds, and vascular bundles. Leaves undergo photosynthesis to produce sugars for the plant.

1. FLOWERS

6. FLOWERING PLANTS = ANGIOSPERMS ANGIOSPERMS ANGIOSPERMS

7. Why do you think seeds are protected by a fruit?

8. ANGIOSPERMS are divided into two major classes: MONOCOTY LEDONS DICOT YLEDONS Have only ONE COTYLEDON Have TWO COTYLEDON

10. DID YOU KNOW THAT COFFEE BEANS ARE SEEDS TOO!?

12. ROOT

13. STEM

14. LEAF

15. FLOWER

17. THE ROOT

18. THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF ROOTS:

20. Mainly found in DICOTS. In this case, one has a single root growing vertically down into the soil from which lateral roots come out. TAP ROOTS

21. Found in MONOCOTS. In this case, several roots grow out at the same time, and laterals grow from them. FIBROUS ROOTS

22. THE ROOT

23. ABSORPTION OF WATER

25. XYLEM PHLOEM CORTEX ROOT HAIR EPIDERMIS

27. THE STEM

28. The STEM of a plant is that structure that is usually erect and found above the ground . It usually has leaves at regular intervals and a terminal bud at the growing point .

29. NODE LATERAL BUD

33. MONOCOT DICOT THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF STEMS:

34. Z ea mays IN MONOCOTS LIKE MAIZE THE VASCULAR BUNDLES ARE SCATTERED THROUGHOUT THE STEM TRANSVERSE SECTION THROUGH A YOUNG MAIZE STEM

36. 1 EPIDERMIS3 SCLERENCHYMA CAP4 PHLOEM5 XYLEM2 CORTEX6 PITH CROSS-SECTION THROUGH A dicot STEM sunflower

37. THE INTERNAL STRUCTURE OF THE STEM

38. THE INTERNAL STRUCTURE OF THE STEM EPIDERMIS VASCULAR BUNDLE CORTEX AND PITH CAMBIUM

39. PLANT EPIDERMIS EPIDERMIS WAXY CUTICLE

40. THE VASCULAR BUNDLES

41. THE VASCULAR BUNDLES

42. xylem Carries water and minerals up to the stem. Water is done by OSMOSIS whilst Minerals by ACTIVE TRANSPORT The XYLEM transports only in one direction ... which way? UP or DOWN? WHY which way? UP or DOWN? WHY which way? UP or DOWN? WHY which way? UP or DOWN? WHY which way? UP or DOWN? WHY which way? UP or DOWN? WHY which way? UP or DOWN? WHY which way? UP or DOWN? WHY which way? UP or DOWN? WHY

43. phloem Carries sugars produced by the process of ___________ Q: Do the roots need Sugar (food) ? For what? Q: Do flowers need Sugar? Q: So in what direction is sugar translocated (transported) inside the Phloem?

44. CORTEX CORTEX is layer is the food storage system of the root, called packing tissue . It is also found in the stem.

45. CORTEX

46. PITH PITCH is the CENTRAL tissue of the stem These tissues serve also as supporting tissue and contribute to the stem’s rigidity.

47. CAMBIUM CAMBIUM is a thin layer of cells, which separates the xylem from the phloem . These cells can divide, thus increasing its diameter of the stem, known as Secondary thickening. XYLEM PHLOEM