This document provides an overview of piezoelectricity including its history, internal working, materials, effects, and applications. It describes how certain crystals produce an electric charge when mechanically stressed (direct piezoelectric effect) or change shape when exposed to an electric field (reverse effect). Common piezoelectric materials include quartz, ceramics, and polymers. The document outlines key piezoelectric applications such as sensors, actuators, generators, and transducers used in devices like lighters, microphones, and medical equipment.
Piezoelectricity is not a new concept but its application in recent instrumentation and daily life field is noticeable. i have prepared this report for enhancing and making the new technologies and applications about piezoelectronics known among readers. Don't forget to give feedback
Piezoelectricity is not a new concept but its application in recent instrumentation and daily life field is noticeable. i have prepared this report for enhancing and making the new technologies and applications about piezoelectronics known among readers. Don't forget to give feedback
In an age where every teeny tiny bit of electricity is valued, conservation is much talked about, can piezoelectricity be the messiah to ease the burden off the conventional energy sources?
Who says it cannot?
--
Presentation as a part of seminar coursework.
I have uploaded the report related to this slides. Piezo electricity is not a new concept but it has various applications in household and instrumentation engineering. U will get a overall knowledge about applications of piezoelectricity from this slides. So Don't forget to give feedback
Piezo electric based harvesting is a kind of renewable energy which senses the mechanical vibration into electrical output. In this slide we have study the feasibility of a piezoelectric energy harvester capable to power up low power electronic and electrical circuit.
This PPT gives introduction
to Dielectrics, Piezoelectrics & Ferroelectrics Materials, Methods and Applications. A quick glance at the dielectric phenomena, symmetry, classification, modelling, figures of merit and applications.
Comprehensive overview of the physics and applications of
ferroelectric
About Piezoelectric material. types of material, piezo-Electric Effect, and advantage and disadvantage of material.also you can find some useful information about the internal working of molecules.Application of material according to field.
In an age where every teeny tiny bit of electricity is valued, conservation is much talked about, can piezoelectricity be the messiah to ease the burden off the conventional energy sources?
Who says it cannot?
--
Presentation as a part of seminar coursework.
I have uploaded the report related to this slides. Piezo electricity is not a new concept but it has various applications in household and instrumentation engineering. U will get a overall knowledge about applications of piezoelectricity from this slides. So Don't forget to give feedback
Piezo electric based harvesting is a kind of renewable energy which senses the mechanical vibration into electrical output. In this slide we have study the feasibility of a piezoelectric energy harvester capable to power up low power electronic and electrical circuit.
This PPT gives introduction
to Dielectrics, Piezoelectrics & Ferroelectrics Materials, Methods and Applications. A quick glance at the dielectric phenomena, symmetry, classification, modelling, figures of merit and applications.
Comprehensive overview of the physics and applications of
ferroelectric
About Piezoelectric material. types of material, piezo-Electric Effect, and advantage and disadvantage of material.also you can find some useful information about the internal working of molecules.Application of material according to field.
These slides will give you a brief discussion on history, working and applications of Piezoelectric sensors and transducers.
The slides have been made by me and other 3 members during 2nd yr of college.
Power generation in footsteps by Piezoelectric materialsMelwin Dmello
Power generation in footsteps by piezo electric transducers - A project work by students of Alva's institute of engineering and technology, Moodbidre, Mangalore....
Slides created by Melwin Dmello... (ph; 8147814891)
Its a free source of energy we know very well man has needed and used energy at an increasing rate for the sustenance and well-being since time immemorial. Due to this a lot of energy resources have been exhausted and wasted. Proposal for the utilization of waste energy of foot power with human locomotion is very much relevant and important for highly populated countries like India where the railway station, temples etc., are overcrowded all round the clock .When the flooring is engineered with piezo electric technology, the electrical energy produced by the pressure is captured by floor sensors and converted to an electrical charge by piezo transducers, then stored and used as a power source. And this power source has many applications as in agriculture, home application and street lighting and as energy source for sensors in remote locations.
Its an simple slide through which one could know about energy harvesting through piezo electricity and their future scope.It details about the profit of laying piezo roads through an example.
Complete description of piezoelectric sensors along with diagrams for better understanding. It is beneficial for any college student who is making a project or presentation on piezoelectric sensors. For presentation on this topic please drop by my uploaded presentations.
Approach To Power Harvesting With Piezoelectric MaterialIJERA Editor
Nowadays, most of the research in the energy field is to develop sources of energy for the future, With oil resources being over, tapped and eventually bound to end, it is time to find renewable Piezoelectric materials are being more and more studied as they turn out to be very unusual materials with very specific and interesting properties. In fact, these materials have the ability to produce electrical energy from mechanical energy, for example, they can convert mechanical behavior like vibrations into electricity. Recent work has shown that these materials could be used as power generators, the amount of energy produced is still very low, hence the necessity to optimize them. The objective of this work is to study the all of the piezoelectric material systems and calculated the possible power generated from it, and a special case to design and build a fully functional floor tile device that when stepped on will generate enough energy to light an LED, The system will be charge a temporary energy storage device, a capacitor bank, and then use this stored energy to power an LED.
Electricity from vibration & its impactSagardwip das
With the growing demands of human needs the utilisation of conventional energy has increased tremendously. Consequently environmental issues like global warming etc. have risen. Keeping these facts in view this model has been prepared to present an idea on how the daily energy requirement can be fulfilled in a more practical, feasible and economical way by converting mechanical energy of vibration into electric energy
CONVERTING SOUND ENERGY INTO ELECTRICITY USING PIEZOELECTRIC MATERIAL: A STUDYIAEME Publication
In the search for alternative energy sources there's one form of energy you don't hear much about, which is ironic because I'm referring to sound energy. sound is a mechanical form of energy which travel in the form of wave, mechanical wave that is an oscillation of pressure this pressure created by the sound could be used to convert it into electric energy or other form of energy.
Similar to piezoelectricity and its application (20)
2. CONTENT
HISTORY
PIEZOELECTRICITY
INTERNAL WORKING
THE PIEZOELECTRIC EFFECT
WORKING
PIEZOELECTRIC MATERIALS
PIEZOELECTRIC COUPLING COEFFICIENT
PIEZOELECTRIC TRANSDUCERS
PIEZOELECTRIC SENSOR
PIEZOELECTRIC ACTUATOR
APLLICAATIONS
3. HISTORY OF PIEZOELECTRICITY
The first scientific publication
describing the phenomenon
appeared in 1880
It was co-authored two brothers
by Pierre and Jacques Curie,
who were conducting a variety
of experiments on a range of
crystals at the time
In those experiments, they cataloged a number of
crystals, such as tourmaline, quartz, topaz, cane sugar and
Rochelle salt that displayed surface charges when they
were mechanically stressed
4. HISTORY OF PIEZOELECTRICITY
In the scientific community of that time, this observation was considered
as a significant discovery, and the term “piezoelectricity” was expressed
this effect
The word “piezein” is a Greek word which means “to press”
Piezoelectricity means electricity generated from pressure - a very logical
name
The discovery of piezoelectricity generated significant interest within the
European scientific community
Subsequently, roughly within 30 years of its discovery, and prior to World
War I, the study of piezoelectricity was viewed as a credible scientific
activity
5. PIEZOELECTRICITY
Piezoelectricity is the ability of certain crystals to produce a
voltage when subjected to mechanical stress (the substance is
squeezed or stretched)
Conversely, a mechanical deformation (the substance shrinks
or expands) is produced when an electric field is applied-
“reverse piezoelectric effect”
When an electric voltage is applied to a transducer crystal, the
crystal gets excited and is deformed
Examples --- Quartz, Barium titanate, tourmaline
6. INTERNAL WORKING
The effect is explained by the displacement of ions in crystals
When the crystal is compressed, the ions in each unit cell are
displaced, causing the electric polarization of the unit cell
Because of the regularity of crystalline structure, these
effects accumulate, causing the appearance of an electric
potential difference between certain faces of the crystal
When an external electric field is applied to the crystal, the
ions in each unit cell are displaced by electrostatic forces,
resulting in the mechanical deformation of the whole crystal
7. THE PIEZOELECTRIC EFFECT
Crystal
Current Meter
= zero
+ - + - + -
+ - + - + -Charges cancel
each other, so
no current flow
Crystal material is at rest: No forces applied,
so net current flow is zero
8. THE PIEZOELECTRIC EFFECT
Crystal
Current Meter
deflects in +
direction
- - - - -
+ + + + +
Due to properties of symmetry,
charges are net + on one side &
net - on the opposite side: crystal gets
thinner and longer
Crystal material with forces applied
in direction of arrows………..
Force
9. THE PIEZOELECTRIC EFFECT
Crystal
Current Meter
deflects in -
direction
+ + + +
- - - - -
…. Changes the direction of
current flow, and the crystal gets
shorter and fatter.
Changing the direction of the
applied force………..
Force
12. WORKING
The positive & negative charges are symmetrically
distributed in a crystal
Piezoelectric ceramic materials are not piezoelectric until
the random ferroelectric domains are aligned by a
process known as POLING
Poling consists of inducing a DC voltage across the
material
13. WORKING
Fig: (a) Random orientation of domains prior to poling
(b) Poling in DC Electric Field
(c) Remanent polarization after field is removed
14. PIEZOELECTRIC MATERIALS
Below Curie Temp,
Tetragonal
structure
Poling of dipoles in
single direction
allows for
piezoelectric
properties
The ‘Pb' atoms are
larger than the
‘Ti,Zr' atoms
Cubic Structure
(Cubic lattice-
above Curie Temp.
+ve & -ve charge
sites coincide-no
dipoles)
Perovskite Structure
(Tetragonal lattice-
below Curie Temp.
electric dipole)
16. PIEZOELECTRIC COUPLING COEFFICIENT
The piezoelectric coefficient k represents the ability of a PZ
material to transform electrical energy to mechanical energy and
vice versa
This transformation of energy between mechanical and electrical
domains is employed in both sensors and actuators made from
piezoelectric materials
For BaTiO3, k= 0.5
For Quartz, k= 0.1
17. Where Can We Use It
Mainly
Transducers;
Sensors;
Actuators;
The commercial application are done in ultrasonic
equipment, microphones, watches, spark lighters for
gas stoves, dance floors, any high traffic areas, etc.
18. PIEZOELECTRIC TRANSDUCERS
A transducer is a device that converts a signal in one form
of energy to another form of energy
Energy types include electrical, mechanical, electromagnetic
(including light), chemical, acoustic and thermal energy
While the term transducer commonly implies the use of a
sensor/detector, any device which converts energy can be
considered a transducer
Transducers are widely used in measuring instruments
19. PIEZOELECTRIC TRANSDUCERS
In this example, the first transducer could be a microphone, and
the second transducer could be a speaker
Transducers are used in electronic communications systems to
convert signals of various physical forms to electronic signals, and
vice versa
20. PIEZOELECTRIC SENSOR
A piezoelectric sensor is a device that uses the piezoelectric
effect, to measure changes in pressure, acceleration, strain or force
by converting them to an electrical charge
To detect sound, e.g. piezoelectric microphones and piezoelectric
pickups for electrically amplified guitars
Piezoelectric microbalances are
used as very sensitive chemical
and biological sensors
Piezos are used in electronic
drum pads to detect the impact of
the drummer's sticks.
21. PIEZOELECTRIC ACTUATOR
An actuator accepts energy and produces movement (action)
The energy supplied to an actuator might be electrical or
mechanical
An electric motor and a loudspeaker are both actuators,
converting electrical energy into motion for different purposes
Loudspeaker: Voltages are converted to mechanical movement
of a piezoelectric polymer film
22. Application
The first serious application for piezoelectric materials appeared during
World War I
This work is credited to Paul Langevin and his co-workers in France,
who built an ultrasonic submarine detector
The transducer they built was made of a mosaic of thin quartz crystals
that was glued between two steel plates in a way that the composite
system had a resonance frequency of 50 KHz
The device was used to transmit a high-frequency signal into the water
and to measure the depth by timing the return echo
Their invention, however, was not perfected until the end of the war
24. TRANSPORTATION INSDUSTRY
In last few years piezo electric materials have shown a
tremendous growth in the field of piezoelectric materials
25. WEAR DETECTION OF TRAIN WHEELS
This is a wear detection system for train wheels. The idea is to
detect the changes in the vibration behavior of the entire wheel
caused by the surface changes on the rolling contact area
26. HEALTH CARE INDUSTRY
It’s been said that health is wealth. Piezo-electric materials
have given this industry new wings of technology
27. POWER GENERATING SIDEWALK
Charging pads under the
cross walk collect energy
from the vibrations. Energy
generated by that
piezoelectric panels can
charge to lithium ion
batteries (which can be
used further)
28. Energy-Harvesting
Street Tiles
The special “energy harvesting
tiles” were developed by London-
based Pavegen Systems. The
power thus generated can be
used to run low-voltage
equipment such as streetlights
and vending machines.
A typical tile is made of recycled
polymer, with the top surface made
from recycled truck tires. A foot-step
that depresses a single tile by five
millimeters produces between one and
seven watts.
29. Club Watt
In 2007. Doell Architects and Enviu collaborated on a design of a floor
tile that using Piezoelectricity would light up
The floor tiles were presented in Live Earth Event 070707 for the 1st
time
Doell and Enviu set-up to design a sustainable dance club
In Sep 04, 2008, Club Watt was opened, the 1st sustainable dance
club in the world!
Watt’s Sustainable solutions
Club Watt makes substantial savings on the consumption of energy
(30%), water (50%) and CO2 (50%)
This method resulted in savings for the building and organisation
30. Club Watt
The dance floor is a fusion of
electronics, embedded software &
smart durable materials. Every tile
makes a vertical movement of up
to 1 cm when danced on. These
movements are transformed by an
advanced electric motor into
electric power. Every person is able
to produce 2-20 Watt, depending
on the dancers’ weight and activity
of dance floor. The generated
energy is then used to power the
interactive elements of the floor or
can be used to power other
systems. The technology of the
dance floor is continuously being
developed.
The dance floor produces 10% of the
total club energy
The technology of the floor can also
be used for other applications such as
gyms, railway, stations & any other
areas with high traffic
31. FLOOR MATS
Series of crystals can be laid
below the floor mats, tiles
and carpets.
One footstep can only
provide enough electrical
current to light two 60-watt
bulbs for one second.
When mob uses the dance
floor, an enormous voltage
is generated.
This energy is used to power
the equipment of nightclubs.
Simultaneously
the lights, on
the wall, blink
32. ENERGY-HARVESTING STREET TILES
These tiles generate electricity
with a hybrid solution of
mechanisms that include the
piezoelectric effect (an electric
charge produced when pressure is
exerted on crystals such as quartz)
and induction, which uses copper
coils and magnets
The marathon runners generated
4.7 kilowatt-hours of energy,
enough to power a five-watt LED
bulb for 940 hours, or 40 days
In Paris, on April 7, 2013, Kenya’s Peter Some won the 37th Paris
Marathon with a time of 2:05:38, but around 37,000 runners were
all involved in a part of a historic event. As they ran across the
Avenue des Champs Élysées and thumped their feet on such 176
special tiles laid on a 25-meter stretch, the athletes generated
electricity
33. GYMS AND WORKPLACES
Vibrations caused from
machines in the gym.
At workplaces,
piezoelectric crystal are
laid in the chairs for
storing energy.
Utilizing the vibrations in
the vehicle like clutches,
gears etc.
34. MOBILE KEYPAD AND KEYBOARD
Crystals laid down under
keys of mobile unit and
keyboard.
For every key pressed
vibrations are created.
These vibrations can be
used for charging
purposes.
35. POWER GENERATING BOOTS AND SHOES
Idea was researched by
DARPA in US
To power the battlefield
equipment by generators
embedded in soldier
boots
Idea was abandoned due
to the discomfort
36. OTHER APPLICATIONS
Electric cigarette lighter:
Pressing the button of the lighter causes a spring-loaded hammer
to hit a piezoelectric crystal, producing a sufficiently high voltage that
electric current flows across a small spark gap, thus heating and
igniting the gas
As tranformers:
A piezoelectric transformer is a type of AC voltage multiplier.
Unlike a conventional transformer, which uses magnetic coupling
between input and output, the piezoelectric transformer uses acoustic
coupling. An input voltage is applied across a short length of a bar of
piezoceramic material such as PZT, creating an alternating stress in the
bar by the inverse piezoelectric effect and causing the whole bar to
vibrate. The vibration frequency is typically in the 100 kilohertz to 1
megahertz range. A higher output voltage is then generated across
another section of the bar by the piezoelectric effect
37. ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
Unaffected by external
electromagnetic fields
Piezoelectric ceramic can be
depolarized by a strong electric
field with polarity opposite to the
original poling voltage
Pollution Free High mechanical stress can
depolarize a piezoelectric ceramic
Low Maintenance Crystal is prone to crack if
overstressed
Easy replacement of
equipment
May get affected by long use at
high temperatures
38. CONCLUSIONS
Piezoelectricity is a revolutionary source for “GREEN
ENERGY”
Flexible piezoelectric materials are attractive for power
harvesting applications because of their ability to
withstand large amounts of strain
Convert the ambient vibration energy surrounding them
into electrical energy
Electrical energy can then be used to power other
devices or stored for later use