Physical education is crucial for the holistic development of individuals, encompassing physical, mental, social, and emotional growth through structured physical activities. It aims to foster physical fitness, health, and ethical character while promoting teamwork, leadership, and emotional regulation. Understanding various body types—endomorph, mesomorph, and ectomorph—can aid in optimizing athletic performance based on individual physical characteristics.

1. Physical Education TENTH

2. Meaning of Physical education
•Education of the body through physical activities
•In ancient Greece, philosophers like Socrates, Aristotle and Plato
– Physical training is must for youth.
•Total physical growth and development
•Helps in mental, social and emotional development of an
individual

3. Definition
“Central Advisory Board of Physical Education and
Recreation “
Physical education is education
It is the Education through physical activities for the
development of total personality of the child to its fullness
and perfection in body, mind and spirit.

4. Definition
D Oberteuffer “physical education is the sum of those
experiences which come to the individual through
movements”
Classidy “physical education is the sum of changes in the
individual caused by experiences centering motor activity.

5. Physical education
PE is an integral part of general education and it is essential
for human beings.
American studies show that the persons those who were
engaged in various programs of physical education achieved
higher goals in their lives.

6. Aim
Harmonious development of an individual can be achieved
step by step.
These steps are called objectives.

7. Objective
Clarke mentions three objectives
•Physical fitness
•Social efficiency
•Culture

8. Objective
Bookwalter mentions three objectives
•Health
•Worthy use of leisure time
•Ethical character

9. Objective
Hetherington mentions five objectives
•Immediate objectives
•Remote objectives
•Developmental objectives
•Social standard objectives
•Objectives in control of health conditions

10. Objective
Leslie mentions five objectives
•Organic aspect of development
•Neuro muscular aspect of development
•Emotional aspect of development
•Social aspect of development
•Intellectual aspect of development

11. Main Objectives
•Physical development
•Psychological development
•Social development
•Emotional development

12. Physical development
•Development of organ system such as respiratory system,
circulatory system etc
•When we perform these activities Growth in size, shape
and efficiency of the organ system happens.
•Promotes sound Health

13. Psychological development
•Helps to cope up with stress in individuals by
reducing their tension and stress.
•It helps to improve motor leaning, to enhance self
esteem and self confidence and also helps to reduce
anxiety and depression.

14. Social development
•Helps in better adjustments in life.
•Leadership qualities develop
•The players who belong to different places come close to
each other.
•They adjust according to situations and human relations
are developed.

15. Social development
•It is the better source for attaining the qualities like
1. Co-operation
2. Courtesy
3. Fair play
4. Sportsmanship
5. Tolerance
6. Sympathy

16. Emotional development
Every individual has various types of emotions like
pleasure, hope, jealousy, hate, fear, distress, anger,
loneliness etc…
If we didn’t control our emotions we become
abnormal and uncontrollable.

17. Emotional development
Emotions are vital but excess of these is bad.
The programs of PE help develop these emotions and
teach us to have control over our emotions.

18. 3. Body types
The physical makeup of one’s body is called body type.
Different lifestyle, level of fitness, diet and genetic factors
contribute to body types.
It is related to the success of an athlete along with athletic
ability. So knowledge about body types is important.

19. Classification of Body types
WH Sheldon classified body types of individuals into
1. Endomorph
2. Mesomorph
3. Ectomorph

20. Endomorph
•These individuals have short arms and legs because of the
deposits of adipose tissue.
•They have rounded physique
•The upper parts of the arms and legs are thicker than the
lower parts.

21. Endomorph
•It is hard for them to lose weight.
•They have soft body and underdeveloped muscles
•They have the capacity for high fat storage and can be fat
very easily.
•They have pear- shaped structure

22. Endomorph
•Their excessive mass hinders their ability in sports.
•They can excel in Sports and games which require strength.
•Weight lifting and powerlifting

24. Mesomorph
•These individuals are described as muscular.
•They have athletic physique and balanced body
composition.
•They have rectangular shape body.
•They can able to increase their muscle size quickly and
easily.

25. Mesomorph
•They have thick bones and muscles.
•Their chest and shoulders are larger and broader in
comparison to their waistline.
•They are physically capable of doing a lot of activities and
are aggressive.

26. Mesomorph
•They store fat evenly in all parts of the body
•But they become overweight if they lead sedentary lifestyle
and high calorie diet.
•They have strength, agility and speed and they can excel in
all sports.

28. Ectomorph
•They are slim persons.
•Their muscles and limbs are elongated.
•They have weak constitution of body and they face great
difficulty in gaining weight.
•They have flat chests and have less muscle mass.

29. Ectomorph
•They do not have a lot of strength but they dominate in
endurance sports.
•They have a quick metabolism to burn fat.
•Their light body constitution makes them suited for aerobic
activities like gymnastics.