The document discusses total fitness and physical education. It covers: 1) The historical development of physical education from Plato and Aristotle believing it educated the body and mind, to Hippocrates recognizing the importance of use and disuse of muscles. 2) Physical education being recognized as a fundamental human right by UNESCO and in the Philippine constitution for developing self-discipline and healthy citizens. 3) The importance of physical fitness for health, growth, stress reduction, and enjoying recreational activities. Regular exercise is needed to develop physical fitness.

2. Total fitness

3. PHYSICAL EDUCATION
•Enhance positive lifestyle
changes – a better quality of
life.
Regular exercise
Physically fit Balance diet
Indulge in physical activities

4. •Good life – satisfies this
basic needs such as
physical well – being,
love, affection, security,
and self respect.

5. Historical Development of
PE

21. •Plato believed that
gymnastics and music, which
were identified as “physical
education” and “academics”
respectively educates the
body and the mind/soul. His
argument in his Republic is
that the mission of physical
education in the schools
blends with movements.

22. Aristotle believed
that athletics enables
youth to develop
strong, healthy
citizens who would
defend Athens in time
of war and serve her in
time of peace.

23. Used physical
education as an aid
to medicine as early
as the 5th century.

24. Hippocrates proclaimed
the law of use and disuse
of the parts of the body.
He believed that the parts
of the body are
strengthened through use.
Muscle atrophy and
weakness are results of
disuse.

25. Xenophon thought
of physical
education as
important in terms
of military.

27. Article 1, International Charter of Physical Education and Sports,
UNESCO, Paris, 1978 and Recommendation 1, International
Disciplinary Regional Meeting of Experts on Physical Education,
UNESCO, Brisbane, 1982 –
“The practice of physical education and sport is a fundamental
right of all…”
“And this right should not be treated as different in principle
from the right to adequate food, shelter , and medical care.”

28. Article XIV, Section 19, 1986 Constitution of the Republic of the
Philippines .
“The state shall promote physical education and encourage
sports programs, league competitions and amateur sports
including training for international competition to foster self-
discipline, teamwork, and excellence for the development of a
healthy and alert citizenry.”
“All educational institutions shall undertake regular sports
activities throughout the country and in cooperation with
athletic clubs and other sectors.”

29. Integral part of the educational system which is designed to
promote the optimum development of an individual in terms of his
physical, emotional, mental and social well – being through total
body movement in the performance of properly selected physical
activities.
A course taken in lower, middle, high school, and collegiate level
that utilizes learning in the cognitive, affective and psychomotor
domains in a play or movement exploration setting.
Interdisciplinary study of all areas of science relating to the
transmission of physical knowledge and skills to an individual or a
group, the application of these skills, and their results.

31. oIt is not only free from diseases but includes physical fitness as well.
oPhysical fitness – it is the capacity of the body to engage in physical
activities w/o experiencing undue fatigue and have ample energy to
enjoy leisure time and to meet emergency situations.
oThrough varied and vigorous activities.

32. oOffers opportunities for the development of a high level of
self esteem and ability to cope with routine stresses of daily
living.
oSelf – expression and emotional mastery.
oThrough participating in varied activities, it enables one to
acquire pleasant attitudes, desirable habits, appreciations
and values.
oPositive character traits: courage, self confidence, discipline, self control,
determination, appreciation for beautiful performances.

33. oDevelopment and maintenance of a meaningful interpersonal
relationship.
oRelating to people or society in general
oBe with others / teamwork
oDevelop leadership.
oPositive traits: cooperation, friendliness, respect the rights of others, good sportsmanship,
good leader/ followership, honesty in group competition.

34. oThrough participation in physical education activities, the
individual develops his mental capacities as he learns the
principles, rules and strategies of games and sports.
oAcquisition of knowledge, understanding, ability to
analyze body movement skills, evaluate game situations
and make important decisions.
oAppreciate understanding
oCreativity exposed.

35. Importance of
Physical FitnessThrough regular exercises, physical fitness helps the individual:
In the proper growth of young bones and muscles;
Improve the ability to avoid and recover from illness and accidents;
Improve posture and appearance by strengthening muscles that support the body;
Minimize stress response;
Maintain proper body weight;
Prevent heart ailment;
Improve organic functions;
Delay the aging process;
Feel good and younger as human being, and
Experience joy of participation in any recreational or sports activities.

36. Psychomotor
Objectives
Physical Fitness
Development and
Movement Skills.
Physical fitness components – endurance,
strength, flexibility, balance.
Body mechanics, games, dance, and sport
skills.
Cognitive
Objectives
Knowledge and
Information
Body function and development process.
Analysis, reasoning and decision making.
Rules, strategies and safety.
Affective
Objectives
Social and
Emotional Stability
Cooperation, sportsmanship, aesthetic
appreciation, self – expression.

37. BASIC PRINCIPLES PHYSICAL EDUCATION
1. PHYSICAL ACTIVITY denotes any body
movement carried out by the skeletal
muscles and requiring energy.
2. EXERCISE means planned, structured,
repetitive movement of the body designed to
improve or maintain physical fitness.
3. PHYSICAL FITNESS refers to the set of
physical attributes that allows the body to
respond or adapt to the demands and stress
of physical effort.

38. Lifestyle PhysicalActivity
For health promotion:
Expend about 150 calories – equivalent to 30 minutes of brisk walking – on
most days.
For health promotion and weight management:
Engage in 45 – 60 or more minutes of activity on most days.
Exercise to Develop Physical Fitness
Lifestyle activity improves health but may not improve fitness.
A structured, formal exercise program improves physical fitness and
provides even greater health improvements.

39. FITT Principle
“To gain health benefits in all
components of fitness…..
….how often should I work out?”
….how much effort should I put in?”
….how long should my workout be?”
…what type of exercises should I do?”

40. PHYSICAL
FITNESS

41. Physical Fitness

42. Components of Physical Fitness
•Health – Related Physical Fitness
•Skill – Related / Performance – Related Physical
Fitness