This document discusses phrases and clauses. It defines phrases as groups of words without a finite verb, and clauses as groups of words with a subject and verb. Clauses can be independent or dependent. Independent clauses can stand alone as a complete thought, while dependent clauses cannot stand alone and are introduced by a subordinator. Examples of phrases and different types of clauses are provided and identified in sentences.

1. PHRASES AND CLAUSES
Monday, September 4,
2022
WEEK 1

2. ▪differentiate between phrases
and clauses in texts
▪Use phrases and clauses in
sentences
WALT:
2
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3. Keywords:
3
▪ phrases, clauses,
subordinator, finite verbs,
non-finite verbs, modifiers
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4. Starter:
4
Identify the verbs in the following
sentences using their white boards.
1.The lady swept the floor.
2. Tunde is washing the plates.
3. The farmer planted many crops.
4. My mother was here.
5. She tiptoed round the whole house.
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5. ANSWERS:
5
1.The lady swept the floor.
2. Tunde is washing the plates.
3. The farmer planted many crops.
4. My mother was here.
5. She tiptoed round the whole house.
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6. 6
Can you identify any of the underlined verbs
as FINITE and NON-FINITE?
Verbs in present and past forms are called
FINITE verbs while verbs in any other forms
(-ing, infinitive, past participle) are called
NON-FINITE verbs.
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7. What is a phrase?
7
A group of words without a finite verb.
It is a group of words that does not contain
the subject-verb pair necessary to form a
clause.
Examples: the brown hat, in the wind, my
English teacher, the grocery store, on the
boat, a pencil, in the market, two boys.
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8. Other Examples:
8
1. I met a boy with red hair.
2. He wore a turban made of gold.
3. The pen is on the floor.
4. Some pupils are on the play ground.
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9. TRY THIS
9
Identify examples of phrases in the sentences
below:
1. The boy is working on the farm.
1. My friend bought a pen at the supermarket.
1. Mrs. Hilary speaks in a deep voice.
4. I am looking for the girl in a red dress who was
here an hour ago.
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10. ANSWERS
10
1. The boy is working on the farm.
1. My friend bought a pen at the supermarket.
1. Mrs. Hilary speaks in a deep voice.
4. I am looking for the girl in a red dress who
was here an hour ago.
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11. What is a Clause?
11
up of words with a subject and a verb.
kes dogs.
ed a question.
man who stole the money.
complained that he was delayed.
uld function as a simple sentence if it is an
t/main clause. It could also be a dependent /
e clause.
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12. Independent Clause
12
It can stand by itself and still give
a complete meaning.
Expresses a complete thought.
Examples:
I ran.
Fractions are fun.
Pizza tastes good.
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13. Dependent/Subordinate
Clause
13
It cannot stand by itself to give a
complete meaning.
Does not express a complete thought.
It is always introduced by a
subordinator.
Examples:
Unless you want to go
Because I care
If you don’t do the job
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14. Check for
understanding
14
Point out the verbs in the following
sentences.
1. The lady swept the floor.
2. My mum and I are travelling tomorrow.
3. I will do the job tomorrow.
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15. Put a tick in each row to show whether it is a phrase or a
clause.
15
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CLAUSES PHRASES
1. The frost was sharp.
2. The full moon
3. On the clean mat
4. I am happy.
5. The broken bottle.

16. Check for
understanding
16
A. Point out the MAIN clauses in the following
sentences.
1. Leo sat down when he had finished washing the dishes.
2. Unless you do the job, I won’t pay you.
B. Point out the SUBORDINATE clauses in the following
sentences.
1. Ryan got the prize although he was last in the race.
2. This is the girl whom I told you about.
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17. Text - Based
17
Let’s go through an extract from
The Phantom Tollbooth by Norton
Juster and identify various
examples of phrases and clauses.
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18. Plenary:
18
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