This document provides a detailed overview of nouns and pronouns. It defines nouns as words that name people, places, animals, objects, and ideas. It then defines pronouns as words that replace nouns in sentences. The document proceeds to describe the different types of nouns, including proper, common, singular, plural, countable, uncountable, collective, concrete, abstract nouns. It also discusses how nouns function as subjects, objects, direct objects, indirect objects, subject complements, object complements, verbs and adjectives in sentences. For pronouns, it outlines the different types such as possessive, personal, relative, reflexive, intensive, indefinite, demonstrative

1. USAGE OF NOUN AND PRONOUN

2. • Nouns are a part of speech that comprise words that are
used to name people, places, animals, objects, and ideas.
Almost every sentence will definitely have a noun, and
they perform different roles in a sentence. Nouns can act
as the subject, an indirect object, a direct object, a subject
complement and an object complement. Nouns can also
function as adjectives and verbs.
WHAT IS NOUN?

3. THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF NOUN

4. PROPER NOUN
1. Proper Nouns: Nouns that are used to name a person, place or thing specifically are called a
proper noun. Proper nouns always begin with a capital letter.
Examples:
My name is Mary Claire. (Name of a particular person)
This is my dog, Bruno. (Name of a specific pet animal owned by someone)
David came back from Japan. (Name of a specific place)
Louis Philippe is a famous brand of men’s clothing. (Name of a particular clothing brand)

5. COMMON NOUN
2. Common nouns: Common nouns are those nouns that refer to a generic item, group or
place. This means that, unlike proper nouns, they are not used to identify specific people,
places or objects. Common nouns are not capitalised unless they appear at the beginning
of a sentence.
Examples:
I bought a pen yesterday. (Common object)
I am going to school. (Common place)
Only ten employees showed up to work today. (Common group)
The car is out of fuel. (Common items)

6. SINGULAR NOUN
3. Singular nouns: These are words that are used to name a single person, place, animal, bird
or object.
Examples:
There is a little boy in front of our house. (Single person)
That is my daughter. (Single person)
I found a wounded sparrow in the bush. (Single bird)
A red van has been following us for a long time. (Single object)

7. PLURAL NOUN
4. Plural nouns: Plural nouns refer to a number of people, places, animals or things.
Nouns are made plural by adding an ‘s’ or ‘es’ or ‘ies’ or ‘ves’ to the existing root
word. Nouns that end with an ‘s’ remain the same. Some nouns remain the same in
both their singular and plural forms, and some others have totally different spelling.
Examples:
I need some apples.
Did you find the boxes you were looking for?
I bought mangoes from the market.
We have a lot of activities today.

8. COUNTABLE NOUN
5. Countable nouns are those nouns that can be counted or measured.
Examples:
Tom brought ten packets of lays for the trip. (specific number – ten)
Mom asked me to buy a dozen eggs. (specific – dozen means twelve)

9. UNCOUNTABLE NOUN
6. Uncountable nouns are those nouns that cannot be counted. This
category of nouns includes both concrete and abstract nouns.
Examples:
I have a lot of homework to do. (Not specific)
I have a cup of tea. (Cannot count)
We are facing terrible weather today. (Cannot count)

10. COLLECTIVE NOUN
7. Collective Nouns: A collective noun is a naming word that is used to denote a group of
objects, animals or people.
Examples:
Collective nouns for groups of animals
A pride of lions
A flock of sheep
Collective nouns for groups of people
A band of musicians
A board of directors
Collective nouns for a number of things/objects
A pair of shoes
A chain of mountains

11. CONCRETE NOUN
8. Concrete Nouns: A concrete noun refers to objects that are material and can
be perceived by the human senses.
Examples:
The book is on the table.
I had a cup of coffee.
Sharon opened the windows.
Hardy goes to school by bus.

12. ABSTRACT NOUN
9. Abstract Nouns: Any entity that cannot be perceived by the five senses of the human
body are called an abstract noun.
Examples:
Love is a strong emotion.
Honesty is the best policy.
It takes a lot of courage to raise your voice and stand up against injustice.
You should not misuse the freedom you are given.

13. NOUNS USED AS DIFFERENT
COMPONENTS OF A SENTENCE

14. 1. Noun Used as a Subject
When used as a subject, a
noun mostly appears at the
beginning of a sentence. It can
be identified by asking the
question ‘who’.
Examples:
•Bruno went to the playground.
•The teacher asked the students
to submit their assignments.
•The elephant was rescued safely
after ten long hours.

15. 2. Noun used as an Object
When nouns are used as
objects, they appear in the
latter part of a sentence. It can
be identified by asking the
question ‘what’.
Examples:
•I bought a pen.
•Where is your book?
•I cannot find today’s
newspaper.

16. 3. Noun used as a Direct
Object
You can identify a noun used
as a direct object by asking
the question ‘what’
Examples:
•Do you want a lollipop?
(What do you want?
– a lollipop)
•I loved my dress.
(What did you love?
– my dress)

17. 4. Noun used as an Indirect
Object
You can ask the question ‘for
whom’ to identify a noun
used as an indirect object.
Examples:
•Dan bought his sister a Mini Cooper.
• (For whom did Dan buy a Mini Cooper?
• – his sister)
•Meghan baked Julie a cake.
• (For whom did Meghan bake a cake?
• – Julie)

18. 5. Noun used as a subject
Complement
Professions and positions
can perform the role of a
subject complement.
Examples:
•My brother is an engineer.
•Jawaharlal Nehru was the first
Prime Minister of India.

19. 6. Noun used as an Object
Complement
Object complements are nouns
that follow the noun they modify.
Names, professions and positions
can perform the role of an object
complement.
Examples:
•We named our dog, Shadow.
•The teacher made Tabitha,
•the class leader.

20. 7. Noun used as Verbs
There are some nouns which can
also be used as a verb. Some nouns
can be used as verbs with a slight
change in the spelling of the original
word.
Examples:
•His divorce is final.
(Used as a noun)
I am divorced. (Used as a verb)
•Do you like my new dress?
(Used as a noun)
I am dressed and ready to go.
(Used as a verb)
•Derrick had come to collect some ice.
(Used as a noun)
My mother iced the fish so that
it did not stink. (Used as a verb)

21. 8. Noun used as Adjectives
With a slight change in the
spelling or adding a suffix to
the root word, nouns can
sometimes be used
as adjectives.
Examples:
•Javed sensed some danger.
(Used as a noun)
What you are trying to do is dangerous.
(Used as an adjective)
•She is excited about magic.
(Used as a noun)
The experience was completely magical.
(Used as an adjective)
•Speaking against another religion is a legal offense
(Used as a noun)
What you did was offensive.
(Used as an adjective)

22. WHAT IS PRONOUN?
A pronoun is a word that can replace a noun
in a sentence. The noun that is replaced by a
pronoun is called an antecedent.
A pronoun is a word that stands in for a noun,
often to avoid the need to repeat the same
noun over and over. Like nouns, pronouns can
refer to people, things, concepts, and places.

23. THE COMMON TYPES OF PRONOUN

24. POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS
A POSSESSIVE PRONOUN IS A PRONOUN THAT EXPRESSES
POSSESSION, OWNERSHIP, ORIGIN, RELATIONSHIP, ETC.
POSSESSIVE PRONOUN EXAMPLES
MINE, YOURS, HIS, HERS, OURS, THEIRS
Possessive pronouns used in sentences
That toy on the shelf is mine.
All of the houses in our neighborhood look the same, but ours is the only one with a
satellite dish.
Wendy and Ronald separated the french fries into two piles: the left one
was hers and the right one was his.

25. PERSONAL PRONOUNS
PERSONAL PRONOUNS ARE PRONOUNS THAT WE USE TO
REFER TO PEOPLE AND, SOMETIMES, ANIMALS. THE
PRONOUNS IT, THEY, AND THEM CAN ALSO APPLY TO OBJECTS.
PERSONAL PRONOUN EXAMPLES
I, YOU, SHE, HE, IT, WE, THEY, ME, US, THEM
Personal pronouns used in sentences
I am afraid of mice.
The toaster gets really hot when it heats bread.
My cats are friendly, so you can safely pet them.

26. RELATIVE PRONOUNS
RELATIVE PRONOUNS CONNECT DEPENDENT CLAUSES TO
INDEPENDENT CLAUSES.
RELATIVE PRONOUN EXAMPLES
WHO, WHOM, WHICH, WHAT, THAT
Relative pronouns used in sentences
I need to find a person who can read Swedish.
She doesn’t want to eat a meal that is too spicy.
This book, which ends on a cliffhanger, is really exciting.

27. REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS
A REFLEXIVE PRONOUN IS A PRONOUN USED AS AN OBJECT OF
A VERB THAT REFERS TO THE SAME PERSON OR THING AS THE
SUBJECT OF THE VERB.
REFLEXIVE PRONOUN EXAMPLES
MYSELF, YOURSELF, ITSELF, HERSELF, HIMSELF, OURSELVES,
THEMSELVES
Reflexive pronouns used in sentences
Ken looked at himself in the mirror.
I like to cheer myself up with desserts.
The silly clowns made fools of themselves.

28. INTENSIVE PRONOUNS
INTENSIVE PRONOUNS REFER BACK TO THE SUBJECT IN ORDER
TO ADD EMPHASIS. INTENSIVE PRONOUNS ARE IDENTICAL IN
APPEARANCE TO REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS.
INTENSIVE PRONOUN EXAMPLES
MYSELF, YOURSELF, HERSELF, HIMSELF, ITSELF, OURSELVES,
THEMSELVES
Intensive pronouns used in sentences
I built my house myself.
The children made the cookies themselves.
Often, the stress of giving a speech is worse than the speech itself.

29. INDEFINITE PRONOUNS
AN INDEFINITE PRONOUN IS A PRONOUN THAT DOESN’T
SPECIFICALLY IDENTIFY WHO OR WHAT IT IS REFERRING TO.
INDEFINITE PRONOUN EXAMPLES
SOME, SOMEBODY, ANYONE, ANYWHERE, NOTHING,
EVERYBODY
Indefinite pronouns used in sentences
This note could have been written by anybody.
Someone ate my lunch.
The water splashed everywhere.

30. DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS
DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS ARE USED TO POINT TO SPECIFIC
THINGS.
DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUN EXAMPLES
THIS, THAT, THESE, THOSE
Demonstrative pronouns used in sentences
This is my favorite shirt.
I don’t know what that is, but it definitely isn’t friendly.
I need you to fix these.

31. INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS
INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS ARE PRONOUNS USED TO ASK
QUESTIONS ABOUT UNKNOWN PEOPLE OR THINGS.
INTERROGATIVE PRONOUN EXAMPLES
WHO, WHOM, WHAT, WHICH, WHOSE
Interrogative pronouns used in sentences
Who wrote this letter?
What is an amphibian?
Which is the correct answer?

32. RECIPROCAL PRONOUNS
RECIPROCAL PRONOUNS EXPRESS MUTUAL RELATIONSHIPS OR
ACTIONS.
RECIPROCAL PRONOUN EXAMPLES
EACH OTHER, ONE ANOTHER
Reciprocal pronouns used in sentences
My sister and I love each other.
The members of the team support one another.
The two fishermen love to compete with each other.

33. IMPORTANCE OF NOUN OF PRONOUN
Knowing the difference between a noun and a pronoun
can help you better construct sentences. Nouns refer to
people, animals, places, ideas or things while pronouns
are used to replace specific nouns when talking about
them. Understanding how these two parts of speech
work together can help you become a more confident
writer.

34. THANKS FOR LISTENING!!
GOD BLESS!!