Grammar for Grade 5-10

1. Phrases and Clauses
Presented by: Teacher Jacque

2. What is a Phrase?
A phrase is a group of words that
stand together as a single
grammatical unit, typically as part of
a clause or a sentence.
A phrase does not contain
a subject and verb and,
consequently, cannot convey a
complete thought.
•Rick was shouting so loudly.
•I asked her in a low voice.
•You could have said it in a polite
way.
•Tom is so short-tempered.
•They were talking sitting beside
the river.
•The man lives near the hill.
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4. Types of Phrases
• How much
is that doggy in the
window?
(Here, the head noun is
"doggy." "That" is a modifier.
"In the window" is also a
modifier (a prepositional
phrase functioning as an
adjective describing
"doggy.")
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◉ Noun Phrase
It is usually assembled
centering a single noun and
works as a subject, an
object or a complement in
the sentence.

5. Types of Phrases
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◉ Examples of Noun Phrase:
1. Animals need water.
2. Who ate the last sandwich?.
3. All passengers with tickets can board now.

6. Types of Phrases
Examples:
1. We have been studying
since 8am.
2. I will be going to
Thailand next week.
3. It may have been being
repaired.
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◉ Verb Phrase
A verb phrase consists of a
main verb and its auxiliary
verbs (including modals).

7. Types of Phrases
Examples:
1. He has clever ideas.
2. It was a very big
meal.
3. The students were
really bored with the
film.
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◉ Adjective Phrase
An adjective phrase
can be a single
adjective or a group of
words built around a
single adjective.

8. Types of Phrases
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Adverb Phrase
An adverb phrase can be a single adverb or a
group of words built around a single adverb,
for example:
1. Please do it now.
2. He spoke very softly.
3. They did it as fast as possible.

9. Types of Phrases
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PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE
◉ Prepositions help us to describe the
position of a noun or pronoun. A
prepositional phrase includes the
preposition, as well as all the words that
follow.
The new bookshop is going to be
opening near my house.

10. Types of Phrases
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Prepositional Phrase
A prepositional phrase consists of a
preposition followed by its object (usually a
noun phrase), for example:
1. They were arguing about money.
2. The window was behind a large brown
sofa.
3. They continued after a very large meal.

11. What is Clause?
An independent clause, also
known as a simple sentence,
includes a subject and verb and
expresses a complete thought.
Example: Juliet, a border collie
puppy, prefers to chase apples and
pears.
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A clause is a group of words that has both a
subject and a predicate. Every complete
sentence is made up at least one clause.
Michael bought a new computer. (one sentence,
one clause)
Michael bought a new computer, but he has still
the old one. (one sentence, two clauses
Although he has still his old one, Michael now has
a new computer. (One sentence, two clauses)

12. Independent and Dependent
Clause
A dependent clause has a subject
and verb, is introduced by a
subordinate conjunction or a
relative pronoun, but does not
express a complete thought. A
dependent clause is not a complete
sentence.
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Example: Because the heavy rains flooded the
entrance to the subdivision.
Example: After Laura carefully read the
assigned chapter.

13. Let’s Practice
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◉ Determine whether the underlined word groups are dependent clauses, independent
clauses, or not a clause.
1. Juan continued playing although he injured his knee.
2. I thought that the offer was too good to be true.
3. While I was scrubbing the floors, Juliet was watching television.
4. Although tired and grumpy, Laura agreed to babysit for her sister-in-law.
5. Inspired and energized, Sean solved the case of the missing yellow socks.
6. While driving home from summer break, Maria saw a tornado touch down.
7. People who drink and drive should be arrested.
8. Ever since my daughter purchased a phone, I have noticed that she does not like
to watch television.
guys as ferret-like.
9. Such descriptions are good for cats.
10. Since I could not go to the Billie Ellish concert, I gave away my tickets.

14. Let’s Practice
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◉ Arrange the sentences and the phrases. Write S for Sentence or P for Phrase.
1. barks. dog The small
2. bears. little Three
3. corner. boys The in plays the
4. bag. My red
5. book. His old.

15. Let’s Practice
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◉ Arrange the sentences and the phrases. Write S for Sentence or P for Phrase.
6. ate crab. She big a
7. bought I pen. A
8. washes My friend clothes her
9. Sundays. usually Jack works on
10. cat table. slept Mimi’s under the

16. Any questions ?
You can find me at
◉ Faculty 3rd Flr. Buidling D
◉ MS TEAMS
Thanks!
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