The document provides examples of different phonological processes including: 1. Reduplication where the child repeats the first syllable of words like "baba" for bottle. 10 examples are given. 2. Deletion where speech sounds are omitted, including initial consonant deletion, final consonant deletion, and weak syllable deletion. Examples of each are listed. 3. Cluster reduction where consonant clusters are reduced to a single consonant, with examples like "spoon" being reduced to "poon". 4. Fronting and backing where speech sounds are substituted, such as velar sounds being replaced by alveolar sounds in fronting or non-velar consonants being replaced by velar

1. ASSIGNMENT OF PHONOLOGICAL
PROCESS
TOPIC: LIST DOWN MINIMAL 10 EXAMPLES ( EACH) OF
REDUPLICATION, DELETION, CLUSTER REDUCTION, BACKING &
FRONTING
Submitted by:
Ayesha Aamir

2. REDUPLICATION
The child repeats the first syllable twice. For example, baba for bottle, or
mamam for mommy.

3. EXAMPLES
Correct word Reduplication
1. Copy Coco
2. Table Tata
3. Bag Baba
4. Dog Dodo
5. Baby Baba
6. Cat Caca
7. Going Go go
8. Food Fofo
9. Jump Juju
10. Picture pipi

4. DELETION
 A particular way to alter the structure of a word is to omit particular speech segments.
There are two main speech segments that are typically deleted:
 1. consonant deletion
 A. initial consonant deletion
 When the initial consonant in a word is left of
 B. final consonant deletion
 When the final consonant in a word is left of
2. weak syllables
When the weak syllable in a word is deleted

5. EXAMPLES
INITIAL CONSONANT DELETION
words After deletion
Cup Up
Love uv
School cool
Boat Oat
Home Ome
Bunny unny
Book ook
Rat At
Stick Tick
Night ight

6. EXAMPLES
FINAL CONSONANT DELETION
words After deletion
Cup Cuh
Dog Dah
Pig pick
Book Boo
Baba Bah
Mama Mah
Come cah
Read Ree
Fun Fu
Car ca

7. EXAMPLES:
WEAK SYLLABLES
Words After deletion
Computer Putter
Banana Nana
Mobile Bile
School Cool
Guess Gess
Telephone Tephone
Elephant Ephant
Knock Nock
Butterfly Buttfly
Octopus ocpus

8. CLUSTER REDUCTION
When a consonant cluster is reduced to a single consonant
1- Complete Cluster Reduction
2- partial cluster reduction

9. EXAMPLES:
Word After reduction
School Sool
Truck Tuck
Plane Pane
Plate Pate
Santa claus Santa caus
black back
Spoon Poon
Train Chain
Clean Keen
Hair air

10. FRONTING
When velar or palatal sounds, like /k/, /g/, and sh, ch, j are substituted with alveolar
sounds like /t/, /d/, and /s/

11. EXAMPLES
Words Fronting
Cookie tootie
Candy Tandy
Goat Toat
Ship sip
Car Tar
Copy Topy
Shop Top
Pack pat
Gum Tum
Go doh

12. BACKING
Backing occurs whenever a non-velar or non-glottal consonant (i.e. a bilabial, labio-dental,
dental, alveolar, post-alveolar or palatal consonant) is substituted by a velar /k ɡ ŋ/ or glottal /h
ʔ/consonant.

13. EXAMPLES
Words Backing
Dog Gog
Top Cop
Boat Boak
Bite Bike
Door Goor
Bun Gun
Car Tar
Pen Hen
Batting Gating
Lip kip