Presented By: Monir Hossen, Lecturer, Department of English, CCN University of Science & Technology

2. Definitions, Branches of Phonetics, Difference
between Phonetics and Phonology, Scope and
Significance

3. Conducted By:
Monir Hossen
Lecturer
Department of English
CCN University of Science and Technology
Email: monir.eng.cou@gmail.com
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4. Phonetics
 Phonetics (pronounced /fəˈnɛtɪks/, from the Greek: φωνή,
phōnē, 'sound, voice') is a branch of linguistics that
comprises the study of the sounds of human speech, or—in
the case of sign languages—the equivalent aspects of sign.
It is concerned with the physical properties of speech
sounds or signs (phones): their physiological production,
acoustic properties, auditory perception, and
neurophysiological status.
 Phonetics is the scientific study of speech sound. It studies
how speech sounds are articulated, transmitted and
received.

5. Branches of Phonetics
The field of phonetics is a multiple layered subject of linguistics that
focuses on speech. In the case of oral languages there are three basic
areas of study:
 Articulatory phonetics: the study of the production of speech sounds
by the articulatory and vocal tract by the speaker
 Acoustic phonetics: the study of the physical transmission of speech
sounds from the speaker to the listener
 Auditory phonetics: the study of the reception and perception of
speech sounds by the listener

6. PHONOLOGY
 Phonology is the study of how the speech sounds function
in a language. It studies the ways speech sounds are
organized. It can be seen as the functional phonetics of a
language.
 Phonology is concerned with the abstract, grammatical
characterization of systems of sounds or signs.
Phonology is the study of the properties of sound
systems, the principles that govern the ways in which
speakers of different languages organize speech
sounds to express meanings.
 Source: Phonology - Critical Concepts in Linguistics by Charles W. Kreidler

7. Branches of Phonology
 There are two branches of Phonology in the linguistic
recognition. Such as:
Segmental: It analyzes speech into discrete segments.
Suprasegmental: It analyzes those features that
extend over more than one segment. Such as: stress
and intonation.

8. The difference between phonetics and phonology
Firstly, Phonetics is about the physical aspect of sounds, it
studies the production, transmission and the perception of
sounds, called phones.
On the contrary, Phonology is about the abstract aspect of
sounds and it studies the phonemes. Phonology is about
establishing what are the phonemes in a given language,
i.e. those sounds that can bring a difference in meaning
between two words.

9. Continued
 Secondly, Phonetics studies the physical, physiological
and psychological aspects of speech sounds while
Phonology covers the study of how the speech sounds
operate the structuring and functioning in the
language.
 Thirdly, a Phonetic study of language represents the
inventory and description of the occurring phonetic
segments. On the other hand, a phonological study of
a language refers to the inventory of phonemic
segments of the language and says which sounds are
distinctive and which are redundant.

10. Continued
Fourthly, a phonetic unit or entity is “phone” while a
phonological entity is “Phoneme”.
Fifthly, Phonetic transcriptions are done using the square
brackets, [ ]. Such as: [p], [t] On the other hand, a
phonological transcription is represented by using slash /
/. Such as: /p /, /t /
Finally, a phonetic unit is incapable of exhibiting any
meaning while a phonological unit can produce a meaning
differences.

11. Phone, Phoneme, Allophone
A ‘Phone” is a phonetic unit used to indicate the smallest
perceptible discrete segment of speech sounds.
A phoneme is a phonological unit that includes similar
sounds or phones and differentiates between two or
more words.
The Phones of Phoneme are called allophone of each
other.

12. Thank You