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Claudia Cárdenas
Aspect of connected speech
• Weak forms are pronounced more quickly and at lower
  volume in comparison to the stressed syllables.
went       hotel    booked room         two
  nights      father     best friend.
I went to the hotel and booked a room for two nights for
  my father and his best friend.
/aɪ ˈwent ðə həʊ ˈ ən ˈ
        tə        tel  bʊkt ə ˈru:m fə ˈ ˈ
                                        tu: naɪts
  fə maɪ ˈfɑ:ðər ən hɪz ˈbest ˈ
                              frend/
Assimilation
• How sounds modify each other when they
  meet
What is this?
• I wanted you to know that
  I love the way you laugh
  I wanna hold you high and steal your pain
  away... (Broken - Amy Lee and Seether)
http://davidbrett.uniss.it/phonology/aspects_of_co
            nnected_speech_inde.htm
Identify rules of assimilation
• He’s a rather fat boy.
• He’s a very good boy.
• Can you see that girl over there?
• She’s a very good girl.
• He’s bringing his own car.
• I really love this shiny one over here.
• We found this little cheese shop in Paris.
• You went to France last year, didn’t you?
• Would you like a cup of tea?
Letter Silent in                 Letter Silent in

b      Subtle, doubt, climb      n      Autumn, column
c      Scissors, scene, muscle   P      Psychology, pneumonia,
d      Wednesday, sandwich,             cupboard, receipt
       handkerchief              r      Car, more, core, bother, (in
g      Gnaw, ought, long                non-rhotic accents)
h      Hour, what, ought         s      Island, aisle
k      Know, knee                t      Listen, whistle, often(though
l      Talk, half, could                some speakers pronounce it in
                                        often)
                                 w      Write, wrong, two, answer,
                                        yellow
These words all contain silent letters. Cross out the silent letters like this:
           E.g. Ghost                   Island             know                who



•   Castle                   comb                        wrist
•   Daughter                 might                       fruit
•   Opera                    cupboard                    bought
•   Listen                   foreigner                   friend
•   Designer                 handsome                    suit
•   Whale                    lamb                        white
•   Could                    night                       wrong
•   Scissors                 cheque                      two
•   Answer                   champagne                   yoghurt
• t and d when appear in consonant clusters
  – We arrived the next day
  – When we reached Paris we stopped for lunch
• Complex consonant clusters
  – She acts like she owns the place
  – George the Sixth’s throne
• Shwa can disappear in unstressed syllables
  – I think we should call the police
  – That’s an interesting idea
1)   Alveolar consonants /t/ and /d/ when ‘sandwiched’ between two
                consonants (CONS – t/d – CONS), e.g.
LINKING AND INTRUSION
• When two vowels meet, speakers link them in
  various ways
Speakers with non-rothic accents will introduce /r/ to ease the
                          transition.

• Intrusive
   – Princess Diana was a victim of media explotation
   – The media are to blame
   – It’s a question of law and order
   – I saw it happen
Linking /j/ and /w/
• I agree, wholeheartedly
• I think, therefore I am
• I am, therefore I ought to be

•   Go on! Go in!
•   Are you inside?
•   Who is that?
•   You are
Juncture
•   I scream       Ice cream
•   The clock keeps ticking
•   The kids keep sticking things on the wall
•   That’s my train
•   It might rain
•   Can I have some more ice?
•   Can I have some more rice?
Contractions
• Two words combine to the extent they
  become one word
  – I’m
  – Can’t
  – Would’ve
  – Could’ve
• I'm tired of being what you want me to be
  Feeling so faithless, lost under the surface
  I don't know what you're expecting of me
  Put under the pressure of walking in your
  shoes (Numb – Linking Park)
/'fæməli 'pɔ:trɪt/
/'mɑ:mə pli:z stɑ:p 'kraɪŋ, aɪ 'kæn nɒt stænd ðə
   saʊnd/
 /jʊr peɪn ɪz 'peɪnfəl ænd ɪts tɪərɪŋ mi: daʊn/
 /aɪ hɪər glæsɪz breɪkɪŋ əz aɪ sɪt ʌp ɪn maɪ
   bed/
/aɪ tould dæd ju: did nɒt mi:n those 'nɑ:sti θɪŋz
   ju: sed/
/ju: faɪt ə'baʊt 'mʌni , ə'baʊt mi: ænd maɪ brʌðər/

/ænd ðɪs aɪ kʌm həʊm tu: ðɪs ɪz maɪ ʃeltər/
/ɪt eɪn't i:zi grəʊɪŋ ʌp ɪn wɜ:ld wɔ:r θri: 'nevər
  nəʊɪɳ wɒt lʌv kʊd bi: ju:l si:/
/aɪ dount wɒnt lʌv tu: dɪ'strɔɪ mi: laɪk ɪt hæz dʌn
  maɪ 'fæməli/
/kæn wi: wɜ:rk ɪt aʊt kæn wi: bi: ə 'fæməli /
/aɪ prɑ:məs aɪl bi: betər, 'mɑ:mi aɪl du: 'eniθɪŋ
  /

/kæn wi: wɜ:rk ɪt aʊt kæn wi: bi: ə 'fæməli /
/aɪ prɑ:məs aɪl bi: betər, dædɪ pli:z dəʊnt li:v /

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Connected speech

  • 2. Aspect of connected speech • Weak forms are pronounced more quickly and at lower volume in comparison to the stressed syllables. went hotel booked room two nights father best friend. I went to the hotel and booked a room for two nights for my father and his best friend. /aɪ ˈwent ðə həʊ ˈ ən ˈ tə tel bʊkt ə ˈru:m fə ˈ ˈ tu: naɪts fə maɪ ˈfɑ:ðər ən hɪz ˈbest ˈ frend/
  • 3. Assimilation • How sounds modify each other when they meet
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6.
  • 7.
  • 8. What is this? • I wanted you to know that I love the way you laugh I wanna hold you high and steal your pain away... (Broken - Amy Lee and Seether)
  • 10. Identify rules of assimilation • He’s a rather fat boy. • He’s a very good boy. • Can you see that girl over there? • She’s a very good girl. • He’s bringing his own car. • I really love this shiny one over here. • We found this little cheese shop in Paris. • You went to France last year, didn’t you? • Would you like a cup of tea?
  • 11. Letter Silent in Letter Silent in b Subtle, doubt, climb n Autumn, column c Scissors, scene, muscle P Psychology, pneumonia, d Wednesday, sandwich, cupboard, receipt handkerchief r Car, more, core, bother, (in g Gnaw, ought, long non-rhotic accents) h Hour, what, ought s Island, aisle k Know, knee t Listen, whistle, often(though l Talk, half, could some speakers pronounce it in often) w Write, wrong, two, answer, yellow
  • 12. These words all contain silent letters. Cross out the silent letters like this: E.g. Ghost Island know who • Castle comb wrist • Daughter might fruit • Opera cupboard bought • Listen foreigner friend • Designer handsome suit • Whale lamb white • Could night wrong • Scissors cheque two • Answer champagne yoghurt
  • 13. • t and d when appear in consonant clusters – We arrived the next day – When we reached Paris we stopped for lunch • Complex consonant clusters – She acts like she owns the place – George the Sixth’s throne • Shwa can disappear in unstressed syllables – I think we should call the police – That’s an interesting idea
  • 14. 1) Alveolar consonants /t/ and /d/ when ‘sandwiched’ between two consonants (CONS – t/d – CONS), e.g.
  • 15. LINKING AND INTRUSION • When two vowels meet, speakers link them in various ways
  • 16. Speakers with non-rothic accents will introduce /r/ to ease the transition. • Intrusive – Princess Diana was a victim of media explotation – The media are to blame – It’s a question of law and order – I saw it happen
  • 17. Linking /j/ and /w/ • I agree, wholeheartedly • I think, therefore I am • I am, therefore I ought to be • Go on! Go in! • Are you inside? • Who is that? • You are
  • 18. Juncture • I scream Ice cream • The clock keeps ticking • The kids keep sticking things on the wall • That’s my train • It might rain • Can I have some more ice? • Can I have some more rice?
  • 19. Contractions • Two words combine to the extent they become one word – I’m – Can’t – Would’ve – Could’ve
  • 20. • I'm tired of being what you want me to be Feeling so faithless, lost under the surface I don't know what you're expecting of me Put under the pressure of walking in your shoes (Numb – Linking Park)
  • 21. /'fæməli 'pɔ:trɪt/ /'mɑ:mə pli:z stɑ:p 'kraɪŋ, aɪ 'kæn nɒt stænd ðə saʊnd/ /jʊr peɪn ɪz 'peɪnfəl ænd ɪts tɪərɪŋ mi: daʊn/ /aɪ hɪər glæsɪz breɪkɪŋ əz aɪ sɪt ʌp ɪn maɪ bed/ /aɪ tould dæd ju: did nɒt mi:n those 'nɑ:sti θɪŋz ju: sed/
  • 22. /ju: faɪt ə'baʊt 'mʌni , ə'baʊt mi: ænd maɪ brʌðər/ /ænd ðɪs aɪ kʌm həʊm tu: ðɪs ɪz maɪ ʃeltər/ /ɪt eɪn't i:zi grəʊɪŋ ʌp ɪn wɜ:ld wɔ:r θri: 'nevər nəʊɪɳ wɒt lʌv kʊd bi: ju:l si:/ /aɪ dount wɒnt lʌv tu: dɪ'strɔɪ mi: laɪk ɪt hæz dʌn maɪ 'fæməli/
  • 23. /kæn wi: wɜ:rk ɪt aʊt kæn wi: bi: ə 'fæməli / /aɪ prɑ:məs aɪl bi: betər, 'mɑ:mi aɪl du: 'eniθɪŋ / /kæn wi: wɜ:rk ɪt aʊt kæn wi: bi: ə 'fæməli / /aɪ prɑ:məs aɪl bi: betər, dædɪ pli:z dəʊnt li:v /