Abstract To meet todays demanding requirements lowpower consumption, high performance while maintaing flexibility and scalability,
system-On-Chip will combine several number of processors cores and other IPs with network-On-chip. To implement NoC based
MPSoC on an FPGA, NoCs should provide guaranteed services and be run-time reconfigurable. Current TDM and SDM based
NoCs takes more area and would not support run-time reconfiguration. This paper presents modified spatial division multiplexing
based NoC on FPGA, in this we have modified complex network interface and proposed flexible network interface and efficient
SDM based NoC.This architecture explored feasibility of connection requirements from IP cores during run-time.
Keywords: NoC, MPSoC, FPGA, NoCs, SDM Based NoC
Performance analysis of gesture controlled robotic careSAT Journals
Abstract
“ROBOT” is any automatically operated machine or a device that reduces human effort, though it may not look much like a
human being or function in a humanlike manner. Advanced, high-performance robots are used today in automobile
manufacturing and aircraft assembly, and electronics firms use robotic devices together with other computerized instruments to
sort or test finished products. Due to the demand of intelligent systems in every field of technology, automated systems are
preferred much for the betterment of the society.The main objective of designing this robo car is to make the world work with
more comfort and more easier way with the way they use today ,as in the recent era there were too many research in the field of
robotics and communication has happened ,so we tried to focus both robotics as by designing a small robocar and controlling
over RF frequency wirelessly for communication as the ease of access is our main priority we tried to focus also the comfort
ability and design a gesture based robotic car. This car not only detects the motion of a human hand but also reacts according to
the gesture, the main purpose of the bot is to make the world work with more ease or where the work of precision or accuracy is
needed it can also be used for the spying and for the field observation or in the industries where the work precision is made with
the use of human hand but it’s not comfortable due to hazardous object, we can have example of industries where furnace
temperature or a pressure is controlled through the accuracy of a knob controlled with human hand but working beside the boiler
or a furnace is always a risk task hence it is not possible so can be operated through gesture at a distance and operated can
operate knob by simply sitting in the cabin and through gesture of the handjust like virtually adjusting the knob or the control of
the robotic car.
Keywords: Gesture Based Robotic Car, Robotic Car, Robocar,
Wireless data transmission through uart port using arm & rf transceivereSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Mobile robotic platform to gathering real time sensory data in wireless perso...Alexander Decker
This document describes a mobile robotic platform that uses wireless communication to gather real-time sensory data. The robots use Zigbee transceivers to transmit data like temperature and gas content to a control room over a wireless personal area network. A graphical user interface in MATLAB is used to monitor and control the robots. The system allows for low-cost wireless monitoring in applications like home security, mining, and hazardous environment monitoring where robots can gather data that may be dangerous for humans. Hardware and software components of the transmitting robot nodes and receiving coordinator node are discussed, including microcontrollers, sensors, wireless modules and the MATLAB GUI interface.
Analysis of zone routing protocol in maneteSAT Journals
Abstract MANET is combination of wireless mobile nodes that communicate with each other without any kind of centralized control or any device or established infrastructure. Therefore MANET routing is a critical task to perform in dynamic network. Without any fixed infrastructure, wireless mobile nodes dynamically establish the network. Routing Protocols helps to communicate a mobile node with the other nodes in the network by sending or receiving the packets. This research paper provides the overview of ZRP by presenting its functionality. The performance of ZRP (Zone Routing Protocol) is analyzed on the basis of parameters Throughput, Load, Data Dropped and Delay using simulator OPNET 14.0. Index Terms: MANET, Routing Protocols, ZRP
Application of dual tone multi frequency technology and sensing in autonomous...eSAT Journals
Abstract The goal of this project is to use DTMF decoders, sensors and micro-controllers to control autonomous navigation of a robot between a start and end point along a fixed path. This has very practical applications, eg. a mobile phone can be used to start the car and allow it to autonomously drive itself to a pick up point and vehicles in warehouses to carry goods from point A to point B, etc. A DTMF decoder is interfaced with the microcontroller, and a phone on auto answer mode is connected to the decoder. When the robot is called and a number on the user’s phone is pressed, the tone is sent to the decoder, which decodes and sends a signal to the microcontroller, and the robot is started. To avoid obstacles the robot has inbuilt Infrared sensors which detect obstacles and inform the microcontroller, which accordingly guides the robot. In this setup only three sensors were used given the limitation in terms of input ports. However, a greater number of sensors would allow for the robot to be aware of more specific situations. Therefore, it can be made more adaptable in varying situations. The test robot was programmed using Embedded C with AVR Studios. This approach uses existing technologies and is very inexpensive. Index Terms: Drivers, Autonomous and Navigate
IRJET-Smart Phone Based Robot for Domestic Purpose using BluetoothIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and development of a smart phone controlled robot using Bluetooth for domestic purposes. A Raspberry Pi 3 is used as the control unit and is interfaced with Bluetooth and DC motors. An Android application is developed to control the robot's movement wirelessly via Bluetooth. The robot can move forward, backward, left and right according to commands from the Android app. The purpose is to create a robot that can be remotely controlled from a smartphone for applications such as surveillance and home automation.
FPGA based synchronous multi-channel PWM generator for humanoid robot IJECEIAES
In this paper, synchronous multi-channel pulse width modulation (PWM) generator for driving servo motors of humanoid robot was proposed. In an application, the humanoid robot requires smooth and beautiful movement, therefore the PWM signal for each servo motor must be synchronized. Since microcontroller (slave) has no enough channels to generate synchronous PWMs for 32 servo motors, field programmable gate array (FPGA) was used as slave for the humanoid robot. The FPGA was controlled by microcontroller (master) using serial communication. Simulation results show the system can perform serial communication, synchronize, and convert data well. The system can also generate PWM simultaneously with accurate duty cycle and fix period of 20ms.
A useful ppt explaining the basics of GSM based campus display system..
part of a project done by me in my final year of electronics & communication engineering..
Performance analysis of gesture controlled robotic careSAT Journals
Abstract
“ROBOT” is any automatically operated machine or a device that reduces human effort, though it may not look much like a
human being or function in a humanlike manner. Advanced, high-performance robots are used today in automobile
manufacturing and aircraft assembly, and electronics firms use robotic devices together with other computerized instruments to
sort or test finished products. Due to the demand of intelligent systems in every field of technology, automated systems are
preferred much for the betterment of the society.The main objective of designing this robo car is to make the world work with
more comfort and more easier way with the way they use today ,as in the recent era there were too many research in the field of
robotics and communication has happened ,so we tried to focus both robotics as by designing a small robocar and controlling
over RF frequency wirelessly for communication as the ease of access is our main priority we tried to focus also the comfort
ability and design a gesture based robotic car. This car not only detects the motion of a human hand but also reacts according to
the gesture, the main purpose of the bot is to make the world work with more ease or where the work of precision or accuracy is
needed it can also be used for the spying and for the field observation or in the industries where the work precision is made with
the use of human hand but it’s not comfortable due to hazardous object, we can have example of industries where furnace
temperature or a pressure is controlled through the accuracy of a knob controlled with human hand but working beside the boiler
or a furnace is always a risk task hence it is not possible so can be operated through gesture at a distance and operated can
operate knob by simply sitting in the cabin and through gesture of the handjust like virtually adjusting the knob or the control of
the robotic car.
Keywords: Gesture Based Robotic Car, Robotic Car, Robocar,
Wireless data transmission through uart port using arm & rf transceivereSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Mobile robotic platform to gathering real time sensory data in wireless perso...Alexander Decker
This document describes a mobile robotic platform that uses wireless communication to gather real-time sensory data. The robots use Zigbee transceivers to transmit data like temperature and gas content to a control room over a wireless personal area network. A graphical user interface in MATLAB is used to monitor and control the robots. The system allows for low-cost wireless monitoring in applications like home security, mining, and hazardous environment monitoring where robots can gather data that may be dangerous for humans. Hardware and software components of the transmitting robot nodes and receiving coordinator node are discussed, including microcontrollers, sensors, wireless modules and the MATLAB GUI interface.
Analysis of zone routing protocol in maneteSAT Journals
Abstract MANET is combination of wireless mobile nodes that communicate with each other without any kind of centralized control or any device or established infrastructure. Therefore MANET routing is a critical task to perform in dynamic network. Without any fixed infrastructure, wireless mobile nodes dynamically establish the network. Routing Protocols helps to communicate a mobile node with the other nodes in the network by sending or receiving the packets. This research paper provides the overview of ZRP by presenting its functionality. The performance of ZRP (Zone Routing Protocol) is analyzed on the basis of parameters Throughput, Load, Data Dropped and Delay using simulator OPNET 14.0. Index Terms: MANET, Routing Protocols, ZRP
Application of dual tone multi frequency technology and sensing in autonomous...eSAT Journals
Abstract The goal of this project is to use DTMF decoders, sensors and micro-controllers to control autonomous navigation of a robot between a start and end point along a fixed path. This has very practical applications, eg. a mobile phone can be used to start the car and allow it to autonomously drive itself to a pick up point and vehicles in warehouses to carry goods from point A to point B, etc. A DTMF decoder is interfaced with the microcontroller, and a phone on auto answer mode is connected to the decoder. When the robot is called and a number on the user’s phone is pressed, the tone is sent to the decoder, which decodes and sends a signal to the microcontroller, and the robot is started. To avoid obstacles the robot has inbuilt Infrared sensors which detect obstacles and inform the microcontroller, which accordingly guides the robot. In this setup only three sensors were used given the limitation in terms of input ports. However, a greater number of sensors would allow for the robot to be aware of more specific situations. Therefore, it can be made more adaptable in varying situations. The test robot was programmed using Embedded C with AVR Studios. This approach uses existing technologies and is very inexpensive. Index Terms: Drivers, Autonomous and Navigate
IRJET-Smart Phone Based Robot for Domestic Purpose using BluetoothIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and development of a smart phone controlled robot using Bluetooth for domestic purposes. A Raspberry Pi 3 is used as the control unit and is interfaced with Bluetooth and DC motors. An Android application is developed to control the robot's movement wirelessly via Bluetooth. The robot can move forward, backward, left and right according to commands from the Android app. The purpose is to create a robot that can be remotely controlled from a smartphone for applications such as surveillance and home automation.
FPGA based synchronous multi-channel PWM generator for humanoid robot IJECEIAES
In this paper, synchronous multi-channel pulse width modulation (PWM) generator for driving servo motors of humanoid robot was proposed. In an application, the humanoid robot requires smooth and beautiful movement, therefore the PWM signal for each servo motor must be synchronized. Since microcontroller (slave) has no enough channels to generate synchronous PWMs for 32 servo motors, field programmable gate array (FPGA) was used as slave for the humanoid robot. The FPGA was controlled by microcontroller (master) using serial communication. Simulation results show the system can perform serial communication, synchronize, and convert data well. The system can also generate PWM simultaneously with accurate duty cycle and fix period of 20ms.
A useful ppt explaining the basics of GSM based campus display system..
part of a project done by me in my final year of electronics & communication engineering..
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
This document describes the design of a GSM-based electronic notice display system. The system has two main sections - a transmitting section consisting of a mobile phone with a GSM modem, and a receiving section with a microcontroller, GSM modem, LCD display, and other components. The receiving section interfaces with the GSM network to receive text messages and display notices on the LCD screen. Key components of the receiving section include an AT89c52 microcontroller, MAX232 converter, 16x2 LCD, and power supply. The system allows wireless transmission of notices to an electronic display board via SMS, providing a lower maintenance alternative to traditional programmable displays.
GPS Based Vehicle Location using ARM 7 LPC 2148IRJET Journal
This document describes a vehicle tracking system using an ARM7 microcontroller, GPS, and GSM modules. The system tracks a vehicle's location using GPS and sends the latitude and longitude information via SMS messages using the GSM module. When an accident is detected by an accelerometer sensor, the exact location is obtained from the GPS and sent via GSM to emergency contacts along with time and date to minimize response times. The system provides low-cost vehicle security and location tracking anywhere in the world using GPS and GSM technologies.
The document describes a wireless sensor network system using Zigbee technology to monitor critical parameters in a power plant remotely. Sensor nodes equipped with temperature and pressure sensors transmit readings wirelessly to a base station. The base station receives the data and displays it through a graphical user interface. This allows real-time monitoring of parameters from a centralized location, reducing costs compared to wired systems. The system aims to provide flexible, low-cost, and reliable monitoring of power plants using Zigbee wireless communication standard for industrial applications.
Development of Distributed Mains Monitoring and Switching System for Indus Co...iosrjce
Indus Complex at Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology (RRCAT) has two synchrotron
radiation sources, Indus-1 and Indus-2. Microtron is injector to both the machines which sends electron pulses
to the Booster. A new, microcontroller based, distributed mains monitoring and switching system is developed
for Indus complex. It facilitates remote monitoring and switching of AC power switches to various subsystems. It
includes interfacing with power switches/Miniature Circuit Breakers (MCBs) of Indus machine subsystems. This
work involves development of hardware, firmware for microcontroller, implementation of communication
protocol; LabVIEW based server and client application. The developed system allows remote monitoring and
switching of MCBs from main control room.
This document discusses interfacing Bluetooth with 8051 microcontrollers. It provides an overview of Bluetooth technology, describes how to connect a Bluetooth module to an 8051 microcontroller using serial communication, and includes code examples to transmit data between the two using Assembly and C programming languages.
The document contains detailed description for displaying a Message on LED Notice board through SMS service Wirelessly, if facing any problem you can mail me at rajneeshkumarsalgotra@gmail.com with Subject GSM Wireless Notice Board Report_Your Name
This document describes the design and development of embedded application software for an Interface Processing Unit (IPU) subsystem. The IPU subsystem interfaces various onboard systems like radars, gyroscopes, and GPS with an electronic support measure (ESM) system. It consists of two modules: a Gyro Interface Module (GIM) and a Blanking Interface Module (BIM). The GIM corrects gyroscope data and outputs it. The BIM generates blanking cover pulses from radar pre-trigger pulses to protect receivers during radar transmission. Both modules were designed, simulated, and integrated using VHDL on a Virtex-4 FPGA platform. The integrated system was able to correctly process gyroscope and radar inputs and generate the
This document describes the design of a wireless LED notice board. It uses a PIC microcontroller and XBEE modules for wireless communication between a transmitter and receiver. The transmitter is connected to a host computer and sends messages over XBEE to the receiver. The receiver PIC then distributes the data in parallel to LED driver chips that control 5x7 LED dot matrix displays to show scrolling text messages. The design aims to cascade multiple displays for viewing messages over a wide area through low power wireless transmission.
This document provides an overview of Bruce Chubb's Computer/Model Railroad Interface (C/MRI) system. It discusses the basics of electronics relevant to C/MRI, including how circuits are grounded to turn them on rather than off. It then outlines several example applications of C/MRI like occupancy detection, signaling, turnout control, and centralized traffic control systems. The document recommends additional resources for learning more about signaling and C/MRI. It concludes by discussing how to assemble a basic C/MRI system with components like input/output cards and simplified wiring.
This document discusses the advantages of using a computer-based model railroad signaling system over traditional hard-wired logic circuits. Key advantages include low cost, easy expandability through additional interface cards, and great flexibility to modify the system through simple software changes rather than rewiring. Prototypical railroad signaling concepts can be easily modeled through computer programming.
The document summarizes the structural and functional units of the EWSD digital telephone exchange. It describes the key components including the Digital Line Unit (DLU), Line Trunk Group (LTG), Switching Network (SN), and Coordination Processor (CP). It explains that the DLU interfaces with subscriber lines and provides functions like ring generation. The LTG interfaces the digital environment with the switching network and performs routing. The SN performs the switching of connections using time and space stages. The CP controls call processing, maintenance, and other core exchange functions through various processor modules.
3-G CUM 2-G OPERATED UNMANNED GROUND VEHICLESANDEEP GHOSH
The document describes a project report for a 3G and 2G operated unmanned ground vehicle. It includes a block diagram and circuit diagram for a robot that can be controlled remotely using dual tone multi-frequency (DTMF) tones sent over a mobile phone network. The robot is designed to navigate different terrains and can provide live video feedback of its surroundings to the operator. It uses components like a microcontroller, motors, sensors and a GSM modem to function.
Application of Microcontroller in Transmitter Section of Wireless Systemijceronline
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research (IJCER) is dedicated to protecting personal information and will make every reasonable effort to handle collected information appropriately. All information collected, as well as related requests, will be handled as carefully and efficiently as possible in accordance with IJCER standards for integrity and objectivity.
Review on Transmission and Reception of Data through USB in VHDLIRJET Journal
This document discusses the design of a USB controller using VHDL. It begins with an introduction to USB standards and protocols. It then discusses the existing and proposed work, including the design of modules like the input module, setup packet module, CRC circuit, and data packet generator. The methodology used ASIC technology with a USB 2.0 macrocell. The macrocell includes a transmitter for serial to parallel conversion and packet formation, and a receiver for the opposite functions including CRC checking. The overall design is implemented using a finite state machine approach in VHDL.
Gsm based campus display system project reportKashyap Shah
Here are the key steps in the information transfer process for this GSM-based campus display system:
1. An authorized user sends an SMS from their mobile phone to the GSM modem connected to the system.
2. The GSM modem receives the SMS via the cellular network.
3. The microcontroller connected to the GSM modem reads the incoming SMS.
4. The microcontroller validates the sender's mobile number to check if they are authorized.
5. If authorized, the microcontroller extracts the message content from the SMS.
6. The microcontroller then encodes/converts the message into a format suitable for display on the LCD.
7. The microcontroller interfaces with
Bus Data Acquisition and Remote Monitoring System Using Gsm & CanIOSR Journals
This document describes the design of a bus data acquisition and remote monitoring system using GSM and CAN networks. The system uses wireless data acquisition units connected to sensors to acquire signals wirelessly. The data is transmitted to a receiver unit using Zigbee wireless transmission. The receiver unit then sends the data to a remote monitoring service center using GSM. The system implements CAN networks within the bus to connect electronic control units and allow communication between nodes. The goal is to remotely monitor and control bus systems from an off-site location.
Khalid sarwar working principle of ewsd exchange 2014PTCL
The document discusses the structural and functional units of the EWSD digital telephone exchange system made by Siemens. It describes the key components of the exchange, including the digital line unit (DLU), line trunk group (LTG), switching network (SN), and coordination processor (CP). It provides details on the roles and modules within each of these structural units, and explains the main functional units of the exchange for control, switching, signaling, access, and power.
This document describes an SMS-based wireless notice board project using a microcontroller and GSM modem. The system allows notices to be displayed on an LED matrix board remotely via SMS messages sent to the GSM modem. The microcontroller receives SMS texts with the GSM modem and MAX232 interface and displays the messages on the LED board. The project uses components like a 89S52 microcontroller, SIM300 GSM modem, 74138 and 74154 decoder ICs, and a 24C02 EEPROM for message storage.
Development and Application of a Failure Monitoring System by Using the Vibra...inventy
In this project, a failure monitoring system is developed by using the vibration and location information of balises in railway signaling. A lot of field equipment in railway are loosening and broken in time period so that they need maintenance due to the vibrations that occur due to high speed trains traffic and railway vehicles impact. Among the field equipment, balises have very important role of communication in terms of transmitting information to trains. In this scope, it is aimed to make maintenance works more efficient, have no delayed trains, detect previously failure location and intervene in failure timely, by detecting and controlling balise cases such as loosening, out of place and the data consistency error that happens because of balise physical state. In this project, the communication is provided with I2C, Modbus RTU (Remote Terminal Unit) and RS485 standards by using Arduino Uno cards and MPU6050 IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit) sensors in laboratory. Each used sensors are in slave mode and computer interface designed with C# is in master mode. Fault situations in the system are checked instant by the interface. (it is assumed to mount the IMU sensor and the Arduino circuit on the balise) it is seen that the interface responds to the sensor movements instant and the system works well in the end of test processes.
HIGH PERFORMANCE ETHERNET PACKET PROCESSOR CORE FOR NEXT GENERATION NETWORKSijngnjournal
As the demand for high speed Internet significantly increasing to meet the requirement of large data transfers, real-time communication and High Definition ( HD) multimedia transfer over IP, the IP based network products architecture must evolve and change. Application specific processors require high
performance, low power and high degree of programmability is the limitation in many general processor based applications. This paper describes the design of Ethernet packet processor for system-on-chip (SoC) which performs all core packet processing functions, including segmentation and reassembly, packetization classification, route and queue management which will speedup switching/routing performance making it
more suitable for Next Generation Networks (NGN). Ethernet packet processor design can be configured for use with multiple projects targeted to a FPGA device the system is designed to support 1/10/20/40/100 Gigabit links with a speed and performance advantage. VHDL has been used to implement and simulated the required functions in FPGA
The router is a network device that is used to connect subnetwork and packet-switched networking by directing the data packets to the intended IP addresses. It succeeds the traffic between different systems and allows several devices to share the internet connection. The router is applicable for the effective commutation in system on chip (SoC) modules for network on chip (NoC) communication. The research paper emphasizes the design of the two dimensional (2D) router hardware chip in the Xilinx integrated system environment (ISE) 14.7 software and further logic verification using the data packets transmitted from all input/output ports. The design evaluation is done based on the pre-synthesis device utilization summary relating to different field programmable gate array (FPGA) boards such as Spartan-3E (XC3S500E), Spartan-6 (XC6SLX45), Virtex-4 (XC4VFX12), Virtex-5 (XC5VSX50T), and Virtex-7 (XC7VX550T). The 64-bit data logic is verified on the different ports of the router configuration in the Xilinx and Modelsim waveform simulator. The Virtex-7 has proven the fast-switching speed and optimal hardware parameters in comparison to other FPGAs.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
This document describes the design of a GSM-based electronic notice display system. The system has two main sections - a transmitting section consisting of a mobile phone with a GSM modem, and a receiving section with a microcontroller, GSM modem, LCD display, and other components. The receiving section interfaces with the GSM network to receive text messages and display notices on the LCD screen. Key components of the receiving section include an AT89c52 microcontroller, MAX232 converter, 16x2 LCD, and power supply. The system allows wireless transmission of notices to an electronic display board via SMS, providing a lower maintenance alternative to traditional programmable displays.
GPS Based Vehicle Location using ARM 7 LPC 2148IRJET Journal
This document describes a vehicle tracking system using an ARM7 microcontroller, GPS, and GSM modules. The system tracks a vehicle's location using GPS and sends the latitude and longitude information via SMS messages using the GSM module. When an accident is detected by an accelerometer sensor, the exact location is obtained from the GPS and sent via GSM to emergency contacts along with time and date to minimize response times. The system provides low-cost vehicle security and location tracking anywhere in the world using GPS and GSM technologies.
The document describes a wireless sensor network system using Zigbee technology to monitor critical parameters in a power plant remotely. Sensor nodes equipped with temperature and pressure sensors transmit readings wirelessly to a base station. The base station receives the data and displays it through a graphical user interface. This allows real-time monitoring of parameters from a centralized location, reducing costs compared to wired systems. The system aims to provide flexible, low-cost, and reliable monitoring of power plants using Zigbee wireless communication standard for industrial applications.
Development of Distributed Mains Monitoring and Switching System for Indus Co...iosrjce
Indus Complex at Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology (RRCAT) has two synchrotron
radiation sources, Indus-1 and Indus-2. Microtron is injector to both the machines which sends electron pulses
to the Booster. A new, microcontroller based, distributed mains monitoring and switching system is developed
for Indus complex. It facilitates remote monitoring and switching of AC power switches to various subsystems. It
includes interfacing with power switches/Miniature Circuit Breakers (MCBs) of Indus machine subsystems. This
work involves development of hardware, firmware for microcontroller, implementation of communication
protocol; LabVIEW based server and client application. The developed system allows remote monitoring and
switching of MCBs from main control room.
This document discusses interfacing Bluetooth with 8051 microcontrollers. It provides an overview of Bluetooth technology, describes how to connect a Bluetooth module to an 8051 microcontroller using serial communication, and includes code examples to transmit data between the two using Assembly and C programming languages.
The document contains detailed description for displaying a Message on LED Notice board through SMS service Wirelessly, if facing any problem you can mail me at rajneeshkumarsalgotra@gmail.com with Subject GSM Wireless Notice Board Report_Your Name
This document describes the design and development of embedded application software for an Interface Processing Unit (IPU) subsystem. The IPU subsystem interfaces various onboard systems like radars, gyroscopes, and GPS with an electronic support measure (ESM) system. It consists of two modules: a Gyro Interface Module (GIM) and a Blanking Interface Module (BIM). The GIM corrects gyroscope data and outputs it. The BIM generates blanking cover pulses from radar pre-trigger pulses to protect receivers during radar transmission. Both modules were designed, simulated, and integrated using VHDL on a Virtex-4 FPGA platform. The integrated system was able to correctly process gyroscope and radar inputs and generate the
This document describes the design of a wireless LED notice board. It uses a PIC microcontroller and XBEE modules for wireless communication between a transmitter and receiver. The transmitter is connected to a host computer and sends messages over XBEE to the receiver. The receiver PIC then distributes the data in parallel to LED driver chips that control 5x7 LED dot matrix displays to show scrolling text messages. The design aims to cascade multiple displays for viewing messages over a wide area through low power wireless transmission.
This document provides an overview of Bruce Chubb's Computer/Model Railroad Interface (C/MRI) system. It discusses the basics of electronics relevant to C/MRI, including how circuits are grounded to turn them on rather than off. It then outlines several example applications of C/MRI like occupancy detection, signaling, turnout control, and centralized traffic control systems. The document recommends additional resources for learning more about signaling and C/MRI. It concludes by discussing how to assemble a basic C/MRI system with components like input/output cards and simplified wiring.
This document discusses the advantages of using a computer-based model railroad signaling system over traditional hard-wired logic circuits. Key advantages include low cost, easy expandability through additional interface cards, and great flexibility to modify the system through simple software changes rather than rewiring. Prototypical railroad signaling concepts can be easily modeled through computer programming.
The document summarizes the structural and functional units of the EWSD digital telephone exchange. It describes the key components including the Digital Line Unit (DLU), Line Trunk Group (LTG), Switching Network (SN), and Coordination Processor (CP). It explains that the DLU interfaces with subscriber lines and provides functions like ring generation. The LTG interfaces the digital environment with the switching network and performs routing. The SN performs the switching of connections using time and space stages. The CP controls call processing, maintenance, and other core exchange functions through various processor modules.
3-G CUM 2-G OPERATED UNMANNED GROUND VEHICLESANDEEP GHOSH
The document describes a project report for a 3G and 2G operated unmanned ground vehicle. It includes a block diagram and circuit diagram for a robot that can be controlled remotely using dual tone multi-frequency (DTMF) tones sent over a mobile phone network. The robot is designed to navigate different terrains and can provide live video feedback of its surroundings to the operator. It uses components like a microcontroller, motors, sensors and a GSM modem to function.
Application of Microcontroller in Transmitter Section of Wireless Systemijceronline
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research (IJCER) is dedicated to protecting personal information and will make every reasonable effort to handle collected information appropriately. All information collected, as well as related requests, will be handled as carefully and efficiently as possible in accordance with IJCER standards for integrity and objectivity.
Review on Transmission and Reception of Data through USB in VHDLIRJET Journal
This document discusses the design of a USB controller using VHDL. It begins with an introduction to USB standards and protocols. It then discusses the existing and proposed work, including the design of modules like the input module, setup packet module, CRC circuit, and data packet generator. The methodology used ASIC technology with a USB 2.0 macrocell. The macrocell includes a transmitter for serial to parallel conversion and packet formation, and a receiver for the opposite functions including CRC checking. The overall design is implemented using a finite state machine approach in VHDL.
Gsm based campus display system project reportKashyap Shah
Here are the key steps in the information transfer process for this GSM-based campus display system:
1. An authorized user sends an SMS from their mobile phone to the GSM modem connected to the system.
2. The GSM modem receives the SMS via the cellular network.
3. The microcontroller connected to the GSM modem reads the incoming SMS.
4. The microcontroller validates the sender's mobile number to check if they are authorized.
5. If authorized, the microcontroller extracts the message content from the SMS.
6. The microcontroller then encodes/converts the message into a format suitable for display on the LCD.
7. The microcontroller interfaces with
Bus Data Acquisition and Remote Monitoring System Using Gsm & CanIOSR Journals
This document describes the design of a bus data acquisition and remote monitoring system using GSM and CAN networks. The system uses wireless data acquisition units connected to sensors to acquire signals wirelessly. The data is transmitted to a receiver unit using Zigbee wireless transmission. The receiver unit then sends the data to a remote monitoring service center using GSM. The system implements CAN networks within the bus to connect electronic control units and allow communication between nodes. The goal is to remotely monitor and control bus systems from an off-site location.
Khalid sarwar working principle of ewsd exchange 2014PTCL
The document discusses the structural and functional units of the EWSD digital telephone exchange system made by Siemens. It describes the key components of the exchange, including the digital line unit (DLU), line trunk group (LTG), switching network (SN), and coordination processor (CP). It provides details on the roles and modules within each of these structural units, and explains the main functional units of the exchange for control, switching, signaling, access, and power.
This document describes an SMS-based wireless notice board project using a microcontroller and GSM modem. The system allows notices to be displayed on an LED matrix board remotely via SMS messages sent to the GSM modem. The microcontroller receives SMS texts with the GSM modem and MAX232 interface and displays the messages on the LED board. The project uses components like a 89S52 microcontroller, SIM300 GSM modem, 74138 and 74154 decoder ICs, and a 24C02 EEPROM for message storage.
Development and Application of a Failure Monitoring System by Using the Vibra...inventy
In this project, a failure monitoring system is developed by using the vibration and location information of balises in railway signaling. A lot of field equipment in railway are loosening and broken in time period so that they need maintenance due to the vibrations that occur due to high speed trains traffic and railway vehicles impact. Among the field equipment, balises have very important role of communication in terms of transmitting information to trains. In this scope, it is aimed to make maintenance works more efficient, have no delayed trains, detect previously failure location and intervene in failure timely, by detecting and controlling balise cases such as loosening, out of place and the data consistency error that happens because of balise physical state. In this project, the communication is provided with I2C, Modbus RTU (Remote Terminal Unit) and RS485 standards by using Arduino Uno cards and MPU6050 IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit) sensors in laboratory. Each used sensors are in slave mode and computer interface designed with C# is in master mode. Fault situations in the system are checked instant by the interface. (it is assumed to mount the IMU sensor and the Arduino circuit on the balise) it is seen that the interface responds to the sensor movements instant and the system works well in the end of test processes.
HIGH PERFORMANCE ETHERNET PACKET PROCESSOR CORE FOR NEXT GENERATION NETWORKSijngnjournal
As the demand for high speed Internet significantly increasing to meet the requirement of large data transfers, real-time communication and High Definition ( HD) multimedia transfer over IP, the IP based network products architecture must evolve and change. Application specific processors require high
performance, low power and high degree of programmability is the limitation in many general processor based applications. This paper describes the design of Ethernet packet processor for system-on-chip (SoC) which performs all core packet processing functions, including segmentation and reassembly, packetization classification, route and queue management which will speedup switching/routing performance making it
more suitable for Next Generation Networks (NGN). Ethernet packet processor design can be configured for use with multiple projects targeted to a FPGA device the system is designed to support 1/10/20/40/100 Gigabit links with a speed and performance advantage. VHDL has been used to implement and simulated the required functions in FPGA
The router is a network device that is used to connect subnetwork and packet-switched networking by directing the data packets to the intended IP addresses. It succeeds the traffic between different systems and allows several devices to share the internet connection. The router is applicable for the effective commutation in system on chip (SoC) modules for network on chip (NoC) communication. The research paper emphasizes the design of the two dimensional (2D) router hardware chip in the Xilinx integrated system environment (ISE) 14.7 software and further logic verification using the data packets transmitted from all input/output ports. The design evaluation is done based on the pre-synthesis device utilization summary relating to different field programmable gate array (FPGA) boards such as Spartan-3E (XC3S500E), Spartan-6 (XC6SLX45), Virtex-4 (XC4VFX12), Virtex-5 (XC5VSX50T), and Virtex-7 (XC7VX550T). The 64-bit data logic is verified on the different ports of the router configuration in the Xilinx and Modelsim waveform simulator. The Virtex-7 has proven the fast-switching speed and optimal hardware parameters in comparison to other FPGAs.
ETHERNET PACKET PROCESSOR FOR SOC APPLICATIONcscpconf
This document describes the design of an Ethernet packet processor for system-on-chip applications. The processor performs core packet processing functions like segmentation, reassembly, classification, and queue management to improve switching and routing performance. It has been implemented on an FPGA for 10/100/1000 Ethernet links. The design includes five VHDL modules with the core functionality in an aggregate module. It can identify packet fields, extract addresses and lengths, and check the CRC for errors. This packet processor is intended to offload tasks from the processor and accelerate functions like SFD detection and CRC calculation to improve the performance of next-generation IP network products like high-speed switches and routers.
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
This document provides the questions and answers to an exam on CCNA 2 Chapter 1. It tests knowledge of networking fundamentals like switching methods, network topologies, switch features, MAC address tables, and network segmentation. Some key points covered are the advantages of cut-through switching, benefits of a hierarchical network topology, functions of modular switches, and how switches forward frames when the MAC address table is empty.
High speed customized serial protocol for IP integration on FPGA based SOC ap...IJMER
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) is Peer reviewed, online Journal. It serves as an international archival forum of scholarly research related to engineering and science education.
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) covers all the fields of engineering and science: Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Computer Engineering, Agricultural Engineering, Aerospace Engineering, Thermodynamics, Structural Engineering, Control Engineering, Robotics, Mechatronics, Fluid Mechanics, Nanotechnology, Simulators, Web-based Learning, Remote Laboratories, Engineering Design Methods, Education Research, Students' Satisfaction and Motivation, Global Projects, and Assessment…. And many more.
This document summarizes a new fault injection approach for testing network-on-chip (NoC) architectures. The approach uses a dual-processor system on an FPGA to inject faults into a NoC design under test and evaluate the effects. Faults are injected by modifying the FPGA configuration memory to physically implement different fault models. The approach allows testing of routing and logic resources without intrusive test modules. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of classifying faults in a mesh NoC case study implemented on the FPGA.
A ULTRA-LOW POWER ROUTER DESIGN FOR NETWORK ON CHIPijaceeejournal
This document summarizes a research paper on designing an ultra-low power router for networks on chip (NoCs). The paper proposes a reconfigurable router architecture that allows dynamically adjusting the buffer sizes for each router channel based on traffic needs. This helps optimize resource usage and reduces power consumption compared to routers with fixed buffer sizes. The reconfigurable router architecture is evaluated in terms of area, speed, latency, power and energy efficiency, showing improvements over traditional router designs.
Network on Chip Architecture and Routing Techniques: A surveyIJRES Journal
This document summarizes research on Network on Chip (NOC) architecture and routing techniques. It discusses NOC topology options including mesh, torus, ring and irregular networks. It also reviews router architecture, switching techniques, virtual channels, buffering, error correction, quality of service implementations, and routing algorithms. Specific NOC implementations discussed include QNOC, Ethereal NOC, and SPIN NOC. The document provides an overview of research on improving performance and efficiency in NOC design.
Investigating the Performance of NoC Using Hierarchical Routing ApproachIJERA Editor
The Network-on-Chip (NoC) model has appeared as a revolutionary methodology for incorporatingmany number of intellectual property (IP) blocks in a die. As said by the International Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS), it is must to scale down the device size. In order to reduce the device long interconnection should be avoided. For that, new interconnect patterns are need. Three-dimensional ICs are proficient of achieving superior performance, resistance against noise and lower interconnect power consumption compared to traditional planar ICs. In this paper, network data routed by Hierarchical methodology. We are analyzing total number of logic gates and registers, power consumption and delay when different bits of data transmitted using Quartus II software.
Investigating the Performance of NoC Using Hierarchical Routing ApproachIJERA Editor
The Network-on-Chip (NoC) model has appeared as a revolutionary methodology for incorporatingmany number of intellectual property (IP) blocks in a die. As said by the International Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS), it is must to scale down the device size. In order to reduce the device long interconnection should be avoided. For that, new interconnect patterns are need. Three-dimensional ICs are proficient of achieving superior performance, resistance against noise and lower interconnect power consumption compared to traditional planar ICs. In this paper, network data routed by Hierarchical methodology. We are analyzing total number of logic gates and registers, power consumption and delay when different bits of data transmitted using Quartus II software.
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
System on Chip is a an IC that integrates all the components of an electronic system. This presentation is based on the current trends and challenges in the IP based SOC design.
1. The document discusses address interleaving, a technique used in Network-on-Chips (NoCs) to balance transactions between memory nodes. It distributes the memory space across different memory nodes in the NoC.
2. The study evaluates address interleaving on the STNoC interconnect from STMicroelectronics. It shows that interleaving reduces congestion and improves throughput. Gains are higher for narrower link widths, enabling lower cost and power solutions.
3. Experiments were conducted with configurations of up to 32 nodes and different link widths. With a 32 byte link width, address interleaving provided a 20.8% throughput gain, while an 8 byte link width saw a 69.64%
Many intellectual property (IP) modules are present in contemporary system on chips (SoCs). This could provide an issue with interconnection among different IP modules, which would limit the system's ability to scale. Traditional bus-based SoC architectures have a connectivity bottleneck, and network on chip (NoC) has evolved as an embedded switching network to address this issue. The interconnections between various cores or IP modules on a chip have a significant impact on communication and chip performance in terms of power, area latency and throughput. Also, designing a reliable fault tolerant NoC became a significant concern. In fault tolerant NoC it becomes critical to identify faulty node and dynamically reroute the packets keeping minimum latency. This study provides an insight into a domain of NoC, with intention of understanding fault tolerant approach based on the XY routing algorithm for 4×4 mesh architecture. The fault tolerant NoC design is synthesized on field programmable gate array (FPGA).
The document discusses the design and verification of an eight port router for a network on chip (NOC). It begins with an introduction to NOC architectures and the importance of efficiently designing routers as the central component. It then describes the proposed eight port router design in detail, including its store-and-forward switching mechanism, rotating priority arbitration, and use of input and output buffering to avoid congestion. Finally, the document outlines the verification methodology used, including system Verilog and the open verification methodology (OVM) to build a reusable verification testbench.
The document discusses the design and verification of an eight port router for a network on chip (NOC). It begins with an introduction to NOC architectures and the importance of efficiently designing routers as the central component. It then describes the proposed eight port router design in detail, including its store-and-forward switching mechanism, rotating priority arbitration, and use of input and output buffering to avoid congestion. Finally, the document outlines the verification methodology used, including system Verilog and the open verification methodology (OVM) to build a reusable verification testbench.
Design and Implementation of JPEG CODEC using NoCIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and implementation of a JPEG codec using a Network-on-Chip (NoC) structure. It aims to speed up the image transfer process and provide shorter processing times. The key steps are:
1. The JPEG encoding process includes color space conversion, downsampling, block division, discrete cosine transform, quantization, and entropy coding to compress the image.
2. A NoC is used to transmit the compressed image data packets across the chip to reduce latency during transfer.
3. The JPEG decoding process reverses the encoding steps through entropy decoding, dequantization, inverse discrete cosine transform, and image reconstruction to decompress the image for viewing.
Similar to Performance analysis and implementation of modified sdm based noc for mpsoc on spartan6 fpga (20)
Mechanical properties of hybrid fiber reinforced concrete for pavementseSAT Journals
Abstract
The effect of addition of mono fibers and hybrid fibers on the mechanical properties of concrete mixture is studied in the present
investigation. Steel fibers of 1% and polypropylene fibers 0.036% were added individually to the concrete mixture as mono fibers and
then they were added together to form a hybrid fiber reinforced concrete. Mechanical properties such as compressive, split tensile and
flexural strength were determined. The results show that hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength marginally as compared to
mono fibers. Whereas, hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength noticeably.
Keywords:-Hybridization, mono fibers, steel fiber, polypropylene fiber, Improvement in mechanical properties.
Material management in construction – a case studyeSAT Journals
Abstract
The objective of the present study is to understand about all the problems occurring in the company because of improper application
of material management. In construction project operation, often there is a project cost variance in terms of the material, equipments,
manpower, subcontractor, overhead cost, and general condition. Material is the main component in construction projects. Therefore,
if the material management is not properly managed it will create a project cost variance. Project cost can be controlled by taking
corrective actions towards the cost variance. Therefore a methodology is used to diagnose and evaluate the procurement process
involved in material management and launch a continuous improvement was developed and applied. A thorough study was carried
out along with study of cases, surveys and interviews to professionals involved in this area. As a result, a methodology for diagnosis
and improvement was proposed and tested in selected projects. The results obtained show that the main problem of procurement is
related to schedule delays and lack of specified quality for the project. To prevent this situation it is often necessary to dedicate
important resources like money, personnel, time, etc. To monitor and control the process. A great potential for improvement was
detected if state of the art technologies such as, electronic mail, electronic data interchange (EDI), and analysis were applied to the
procurement process. These helped to eliminate the root causes for many types of problems that were detected.
Managing drought short term strategies in semi arid regions a case studyeSAT Journals
Abstract
Drought management needs multidisciplinary action. Interdisciplinary efforts among the experts in various fields of the droughts
prone areas are helpful to achieve tangible and permanent solution for this recurring problem. The Gulbarga district having the total
area around 16, 240 sq.km, and accounts 8.45 per cent of the Karnataka state area. The district has been situated with latitude 17º 19'
60" North and longitude of 76 º 49' 60" east. The district is situated entirely on the Deccan plateau positioned at a height of 300 to
750 m above MSL. Sub-tropical, semi-arid type is one among the drought prone districts of Karnataka State. The drought
management is very important for a district like Gulbarga. In this paper various short term strategies are discussed to mitigate the
drought condition in the district.
Keywords: Drought, South-West monsoon, Semi-Arid, Rainfall, Strategies etc.
Life cycle cost analysis of overlay for an urban road in bangaloreeSAT Journals
Abstract
Pavements are subjected to severe condition of stresses and weathering effects from the day they are constructed and opened to traffic
mainly due to its fatigue behavior and environmental effects. Therefore, pavement rehabilitation is one of the most important
components of entire road systems. This paper highlights the design of concrete pavement with added mono fibers like polypropylene,
steel and hybrid fibres for a widened portion of existing concrete pavement and various overlay alternatives for an existing
bituminous pavement in an urban road in Bangalore. Along with this, Life cycle cost analyses at these sections are done by Net
Present Value (NPV) method to identify the most feasible option. The results show that though the initial cost of construction of
concrete overlay is high, over a period of time it prove to be better than the bituminous overlay considering the whole life cycle cost.
The economic analysis also indicates that, out of the three fibre options, hybrid reinforced concrete would be economical without
compromising the performance of the pavement.
Keywords: - Fatigue, Life cycle cost analysis, Net Present Value method, Overlay, Rehabilitation
Laboratory studies of dense bituminous mixes ii with reclaimed asphalt materialseSAT Journals
Abstract
The issue of growing demand on our nation’s roadways over that past couple of decades, decreasing budgetary funds, and the need to
provide a safe, efficient, and cost effective roadway system has led to a dramatic increase in the need to rehabilitate our existing
pavements and the issue of building sustainable road infrastructure in India. With these emergency of the mentioned needs and this
are today’s burning issue and has become the purpose of the study.
In the present study, the samples of existing bituminous layer materials were collected from NH-48(Devahalli to Hassan) site.The
mixtures were designed by Marshall Method as per Asphalt institute (MS-II) at 20% and 30% Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP).
RAP material was blended with virgin aggregate such that all specimens tested for the, Dense Bituminous Macadam-II (DBM-II)
gradation as per Ministry of Roads, Transport, and Highways (MoRT&H) and cost analysis were carried out to know the economics.
Laboratory results and analysis showed the use of recycled materials showed significant variability in Marshall Stability, and the
variability increased with the increase in RAP content. The saving can be realized from utilization of recycled materials as per the
methodology, the reduction in the total cost is 19%, 30%, comparing with the virgin mixes.
Keywords: Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement, Marshall Stability, MS-II, Dense Bituminous Macadam-II
Laboratory investigation of expansive soil stabilized with natural inorganic ...eSAT Journals
This document summarizes a study on stabilizing expansive black cotton soil with the natural inorganic stabilizer RBI-81. Laboratory tests were conducted to evaluate the effect of RBI-81 on the soil's engineering properties. The tests showed that with 2% RBI-81 and 28 days of curing, the unconfined compressive strength increased by around 250% and the CBR value improved by approximately 400% compared to the untreated soil. Overall, the study found that RBI-81 effectively improved the strength properties of the black cotton soil and its suitability as a soil stabilizer was supported.
Influence of reinforcement on the behavior of hollow concrete block masonry p...eSAT Journals
Abstract
Reinforced masonry was developed to exploit the strength potential of masonry and to solve its lack of tensile strength. Experimental
and analytical studies have been carried out to investigate the effect of reinforcement on the behavior of hollow concrete block
masonry prisms under compression and to predict ultimate failure compressive strength. In the numerical program, three dimensional
non-linear finite elements (FE) model based on the micro-modeling approach is developed for both unreinforced and reinforced
masonry prisms using ANSYS (14.5). The proposed FE model uses multi-linear stress-strain relationships to model the non-linear
behavior of hollow concrete block, mortar, and grout. Willam-Warnke’s five parameter failure theory has been adopted to model the
failure of masonry materials. The comparison of the numerical and experimental results indicates that the FE models can successfully
capture the highly nonlinear behavior of the physical specimens and accurately predict their strength and failure mechanisms.
Keywords: Structural masonry, Hollow concrete block prism, grout, Compression failure, Finite element method,
Numerical modeling.
Influence of compaction energy on soil stabilized with chemical stabilizereSAT Journals
This document summarizes a study on the influence of compaction energy on soil stabilized with a chemical stabilizer. Laboratory tests were conducted on locally available loamy soil treated with a patented polymer liquid stabilizer and compacted at four different energy levels. The study found that increasing the compaction effort increased the density of both untreated and treated soil, but the rate of increase was lower for stabilized soil. Treating the soil with the stabilizer improved its unconfined compressive strength and resilient modulus, and reduced accumulated plastic strain, with these properties further improved by higher compaction efforts. The stabilized soil exhibited strength and performance benefits compared to the untreated soil.
Geographical information system (gis) for water resources managementeSAT Journals
This document describes a hydrological framework developed in the form of a Hydrologic Information System (HIS) to meet the information needs of various government departments related to water management in a state. The HIS consists of a hydrological database coupled with tools for collecting and analyzing spatial and non-spatial water resources data. It also incorporates a hydrological model to indirectly assess water balance components over space and time. A web-based GIS portal was created to allow users to access and visualize the hydrological data, as well as outputs from the SWAT hydrological model. The framework is intended to facilitate integrated water resources planning and management across different administrative levels.
Forest type mapping of bidar forest division, karnataka using geoinformatics ...eSAT Journals
Abstract
The study demonstrate the potentiality of satellite remote sensing technique for the generation of baseline information on forest types
including tree plantation details in Bidar forest division, Karnataka covering an area of 5814.60Sq.Kms. The Total Area of Bidar
forest division is 5814Sq.Kms analysis of the satellite data in the study area reveals that about 84% of the total area is Covered by
crop land, 1.778% of the area is covered by dry deciduous forest, 1.38 % of mixed plantation, which is very threatening to the
environmental stability of the forest, future plantation site has been mapped. With the use of latest Geo-informatics technology proper
and exact condition of the trees can be observed and necessary precautions can be taken for future plantation works in an appropriate
manner
Keywords:-RS, GIS, GPS, Forest Type, Tree Plantation
Factors influencing compressive strength of geopolymer concreteeSAT Journals
Abstract
To study effects of several factors on the properties of fly ash based geopolymer concrete on the compressive strength and also the
cost comparison with the normal concrete. The test variables were molarities of sodium hydroxide(NaOH) 8M,14M and 16M, ratio of
NaOH to sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) 1, 1.5, 2 and 2.5, alkaline liquid to fly ash ratio 0.35 and 0.40 and replacement of water in
Na2SiO3 solution by 10%, 20% and 30% were used in the present study. The test results indicated that the highest compressive
strength 54 MPa was observed for 16M of NaOH, ratio of NaOH to Na2SiO3 2.5 and alkaline liquid to fly ash ratio of 0.35. Lowest
compressive strength of 27 MPa was observed for 8M of NaOH, ratio of NaOH to Na2SiO3 is 1 and alkaline liquid to fly ash ratio of
0.40. Alkaline liquid to fly ash ratio of 0.35, water replacement of 10% and 30% for 8 and 16 molarity of NaOH and has resulted in
compressive strength of 36 MPa and 20 MPa respectively. Superplasticiser dosage of 2 % by weight of fly ash has given higher
strength in all cases.
Keywords: compressive strength, alkaline liquid, fly ash
Experimental investigation on circular hollow steel columns in filled with li...eSAT Journals
Abstract
Composite Circular hollow Steel tubes with and without GFRP infill for three different grades of Light weight concrete are tested for
ultimate load capacity and axial shortening , under Cyclic loading. Steel tubes are compared for different lengths, cross sections and
thickness. Specimens were tested separately after adopting Taguchi’s L9 (Latin Squares) Orthogonal array in order to save the initial
experimental cost on number of specimens and experimental duration. Analysis was carried out using ANN (Artificial Neural
Network) technique with the assistance of Mini Tab- a statistical soft tool. Comparison for predicted, experimental & ANN output is
obtained from linear regression plots. From this research study, it can be concluded that *Cross sectional area of steel tube has most
significant effect on ultimate load carrying capacity, *as length of steel tube increased- load carrying capacity decreased & *ANN
modeling predicted acceptable results. Thus ANN tool can be utilized for predicting ultimate load carrying capacity for composite
columns.
Keywords: Light weight concrete, GFRP, Artificial Neural Network, Linear Regression, Back propagation, orthogonal
Array, Latin Squares
Experimental behavior of circular hsscfrc filled steel tubular columns under ...eSAT Journals
This document summarizes an experimental study that tested circular concrete-filled steel tube columns with varying parameters. 45 specimens were tested with different fiber percentages (0-2%), tube diameter-to-wall-thickness ratios (D/t from 15-25), and length-to-diameter (L/d) ratios (from 2.97-7.04). The results found that columns filled with fiber-reinforced concrete exhibited higher stiffness, equal ductility, and enhanced energy absorption compared to those filled with plain concrete. The load carrying capacity increased with fiber content up to 1.5% but not at 2.0%. The analytical predictions of failure load closely matched the experimental values.
Evaluation of punching shear in flat slabseSAT Journals
Abstract
Flat-slab construction has been widely used in construction today because of many advantages that it offers. The basic philosophy in
the design of flat slab is to consider only gravity forces; this method ignores the effect of punching shear due to unbalanced moments
at the slab column junction which is critical. An attempt has been made to generate generalized design sheets which accounts both
punching shear due to gravity loads and unbalanced moments for cases (a) interior column; (b) edge column (bending perpendicular
to shorter edge); (c) edge column (bending parallel to shorter edge); (d) corner column. These design sheets are prepared as per
codal provisions of IS 456-2000. These design sheets will be helpful in calculating the shear reinforcement to be provided at the
critical section which is ignored in many design offices. Apart from its usefulness in evaluating punching shear and the necessary
shear reinforcement, the design sheets developed will enable the designer to fix the depth of flat slab during the initial phase of the
design.
Keywords: Flat slabs, punching shear, unbalanced moment.
Evaluation of performance of intake tower dam for recent earthquake in indiaeSAT Journals
Abstract
Intake towers are typically tall, hollow, reinforced concrete structures and form entrance to reservoir outlet works. A parametric
study on dynamic behavior of circular cylindrical towers can be carried out to study the effect of depth of submergence, wall thickness
and slenderness ratio, and also effect on tower considering dynamic analysis for time history function of different soil condition and
by Goyal and Chopra accounting interaction effects of added hydrodynamic mass of surrounding and inside water in intake tower of
dam
Key words: Hydrodynamic mass, Depth of submergence, Reservoir, Time history analysis,
Evaluation of operational efficiency of urban road network using travel time ...eSAT Journals
This document evaluates the operational efficiency of an urban road network in Tiruchirappalli, India using travel time reliability measures. Traffic volume and travel times were collected using video data from 8-10 AM on various roads. Average travel times, 95th percentile travel times, and buffer time indexes were calculated to assess reliability. Non-motorized vehicles were found to most impact reliability on one road. A relationship between buffer time index and traffic volume was developed. Finally, a travel time model was created and validated based on length, speed, and volume.
Estimation of surface runoff in nallur amanikere watershed using scs cn methodeSAT Journals
Abstract
The development of watershed aims at productive utilization of all the available natural resources in the entire area extending from
ridge line to stream outlet. The per capita availability of land for cultivation has been decreasing over the years. Therefore, water and
the related land resources must be developed, utilized and managed in an integrated and comprehensive manner. Remote sensing and
GIS techniques are being increasingly used for planning, management and development of natural resources. The study area, Nallur
Amanikere watershed geographically lies between 110 38’ and 110 52’ N latitude and 760 30’ and 760 50’ E longitude with an area of
415.68 Sq. km. The thematic layers such as land use/land cover and soil maps were derived from remotely sensed data and overlayed
through ArcGIS software to assign the curve number on polygon wise. The daily rainfall data of six rain gauge stations in and around
the watershed (2001-2011) was used to estimate the daily runoff from the watershed using Soil Conservation Service - Curve Number
(SCS-CN) method. The runoff estimated from the SCS-CN model was then used to know the variation of runoff potential with different
land use/land cover and with different soil conditions.
Keywords: Watershed, Nallur watershed, Surface runoff, Rainfall-Runoff, SCS-CN, Remote Sensing, GIS.
Estimation of morphometric parameters and runoff using rs & gis techniqueseSAT Journals
This document summarizes a study that used remote sensing and GIS techniques to estimate morphometric parameters and runoff for the Yagachi catchment area in India over a 10-year period. Morphometric analysis was conducted to understand the hydrological response at the micro-watershed level. Daily runoff was estimated using the SCS curve number model. The results showed a positive correlation between rainfall and runoff. Land use/land cover changes between 2001-2010 were found to impact estimated runoff amounts. Remote sensing approaches provided an effective means to model runoff for this large, ungauged area.
Effect of variation of plastic hinge length on the results of non linear anal...eSAT Journals
Abstract The nonlinear Static procedure also well known as pushover analysis is method where in monotonically increasing loads are applied to the structure till the structure is unable to resist any further load. It is a popular tool for seismic performance evaluation of existing and new structures. In literature lot of research has been carried out on conventional pushover analysis and after knowing deficiency efforts have been made to improve it. But actual test results to verify the analytically obtained pushover results are rarely available. It has been found that some amount of variation is always expected to exist in seismic demand prediction of pushover analysis. Initial study is carried out by considering user defined hinge properties and default hinge length. Attempt is being made to assess the variation of pushover analysis results by considering user defined hinge properties and various hinge length formulations available in literature and results compared with experimentally obtained results based on test carried out on a G+2 storied RCC framed structure. For the present study two geometric models viz bare frame and rigid frame model is considered and it is found that the results of pushover analysis are very sensitive to geometric model and hinge length adopted. Keywords: Pushover analysis, Base shear, Displacement, hinge length, moment curvature analysis
Effect of use of recycled materials on indirect tensile strength of asphalt c...eSAT Journals
Abstract
Depletion of natural resources and aggregate quarries for the road construction is a serious problem to procure materials. Hence
recycling or reuse of material is beneficial. On emphasizing development in sustainable construction in the present era, recycling of
asphalt pavements is one of the effective and proven rehabilitation processes. For the laboratory investigations reclaimed asphalt
pavement (RAP) from NH-4 and crumb rubber modified binder (CRMB-55) was used. Foundry waste was used as a replacement to
conventional filler. Laboratory tests were conducted on asphalt concrete mixes with 30, 40, 50, and 60 percent replacement with RAP.
These test results were compared with conventional mixes and asphalt concrete mixes with complete binder extracted RAP
aggregates. Mix design was carried out by Marshall Method. The Marshall Tests indicated highest stability values for asphalt
concrete (AC) mixes with 60% RAP. The optimum binder content (OBC) decreased with increased in RAP in AC mixes. The Indirect
Tensile Strength (ITS) for AC mixes with RAP also was found to be higher when compared to conventional AC mixes at 300C.
Keywords: Reclaimed asphalt pavement, Foundry waste, Recycling, Marshall Stability, Indirect tensile strength.
Batteries -Introduction – Types of Batteries – discharging and charging of battery - characteristics of battery –battery rating- various tests on battery- – Primary battery: silver button cell- Secondary battery :Ni-Cd battery-modern battery: lithium ion battery-maintenance of batteries-choices of batteries for electric vehicle applications.
Fuel Cells: Introduction- importance and classification of fuel cells - description, principle, components, applications of fuel cells: H2-O2 fuel cell, alkaline fuel cell, molten carbonate fuel cell and direct methanol fuel cells.
KuberTENes Birthday Bash Guadalajara - K8sGPT first impressionsVictor Morales
K8sGPT is a tool that analyzes and diagnoses Kubernetes clusters. This presentation was used to share the requirements and dependencies to deploy K8sGPT in a local environment.
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODELgerogepatton
As digital technology becomes more deeply embedded in power systems, protecting the communication
networks of Smart Grids (SG) has emerged as a critical concern. Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3)
represents a multi-tiered application layer protocol extensively utilized in Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition (SCADA)-based smart grids to facilitate real-time data gathering and control functionalities.
Robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are necessary for early threat detection and mitigation because
of the interconnection of these networks, which makes them vulnerable to a variety of cyberattacks. To
solve this issue, this paper develops a hybrid Deep Learning (DL) model specifically designed for intrusion
detection in smart grids. The proposed approach is a combination of the Convolutional Neural Network
(CNN) and the Long-Short-Term Memory algorithms (LSTM). We employed a recent intrusion detection
dataset (DNP3), which focuses on unauthorized commands and Denial of Service (DoS) cyberattacks, to
train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
at finding smart grid intrusions than other deep learning algorithms used for classification. In addition,
our proposed approach improves accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, achieving a high detection
accuracy rate of 99.50%.
Redefining brain tumor segmentation: a cutting-edge convolutional neural netw...IJECEIAES
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precisely delineate tumor boundaries from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
scans holds profound implications for diagnosis. This study presents an ensemble convolutional neural network (CNN) with transfer learning, integrating
the state-of-the-art Deeplabv3+ architecture with the ResNet18 backbone. The
model is rigorously trained and evaluated, exhibiting remarkable performance
metrics, including an impressive global accuracy of 99.286%, a high-class accuracy of 82.191%, a mean intersection over union (IoU) of 79.900%, a weighted
IoU of 98.620%, and a Boundary F1 (BF) score of 83.303%. Notably, a detailed comparative analysis with existing methods showcases the superiority of
our proposed model. These findings underscore the model’s competence in precise brain tumor localization, underscoring its potential to revolutionize medical
image analysis and enhance healthcare outcomes. This research paves the way
for future exploration and optimization of advanced CNN models in medical
imaging, emphasizing addressing false positives and resource efficiency.
Use PyCharm for remote debugging of WSL on a Windo cf5c162d672e4e58b4dde5d797...shadow0702a
This document serves as a comprehensive step-by-step guide on how to effectively use PyCharm for remote debugging of the Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) on a local Windows machine. It meticulously outlines several critical steps in the process, starting with the crucial task of enabling permissions, followed by the installation and configuration of WSL.
The guide then proceeds to explain how to set up the SSH service within the WSL environment, an integral part of the process. Alongside this, it also provides detailed instructions on how to modify the inbound rules of the Windows firewall to facilitate the process, ensuring that there are no connectivity issues that could potentially hinder the debugging process.
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Additionally, the document provides guidance on how to set up breakpoints for debugging, a fundamental aspect of the debugging process which allows the developer to stop the execution of their code at certain points and inspect their program at those stages.
Finally, the document concludes by providing a link to a reference blog. This blog offers additional information and guidance on configuring the remote Python interpreter in PyCharm, providing the reader with a well-rounded understanding of the process.
UNLOCKING HEALTHCARE 4.0: NAVIGATING CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS FOR EFFECTIVE I...amsjournal
The Fourth Industrial Revolution is transforming industries, including healthcare, by integrating digital,
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healthcare, identifying success factors and challenges through interviews with 70 stakeholders from 33
countries. Healthcare is evolving significantly, with varied objectives across nations aiming to improve
population health. The study explores stakeholders' perceptions on critical success factors, identifying
challenges such as insufficiently trained personnel, organizational silos, and structural barriers to data
exchange. Facilitators for integration include cost reduction initiatives and interoperability policies.
Technologies like IoT, Big Data, AI, Machine Learning, and robotics enhance diagnostics, treatment
precision, and real-time monitoring, reducing errors and optimizing resource utilization. Automation
improves employee satisfaction and patient care, while Blockchain and telemedicine drive cost reductions.
Successful integration requires skilled professionals and supportive policies, promising efficient resource
use, lower error rates, and accelerated processes, leading to optimized global healthcare outcomes.
UNLOCKING HEALTHCARE 4.0: NAVIGATING CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS FOR EFFECTIVE I...
Performance analysis and implementation of modified sdm based noc for mpsoc on spartan6 fpga
1. IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2319-1163 | pISSN: 2321-7308
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Volume: 05 Issue: 02 | Feb-2016, Available @ http://www.ijret.org 346
PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS AND IMPLEMENTATION OF MODIFIED
SDM BASED NoC FOR MPSoC ON SPARTAN6 FPGA
Y. Amar Babu1
, G.M.V.Prasad2
1
Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering, LBR College of Engineering
2
Principal & Professor in ECE, B.V.C Institute of Technology & Science
Abstract
To meet todays demanding requirements lowpower consumption, high performance while maintaing flexibility and scalability,
system-On-Chip will combine several number of processors cores and other IPs with network-On-chip. To implement NoC based
MPSoC on an FPGA, NoCs should provide guaranteed services and be run-time reconfigurable. Current TDM and SDM based
NoCs takes more area and would not support run-time reconfiguration. This paper presents modified spatial division multiplexing
based NoC on FPGA, in this we have modified complex network interface and proposed flexible network interface and efficient
SDM based NoC.This architecture explored feasibility of connection requirements from IP cores during run-time.
Keywords: NoC, MPSoC, FPGA, NoCs, SDM Based NoC
---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------
I. INTRODUCTION
According to moore's law chip density is increasing
exponentially, allowing multiple processor system-on-chip
can be implemented on single FPGA. The main challenge in
todaysMPSoC is communication architectures among
processors. The conventional way of utilizing bus
architectures for inter IP core communication has many
limitations. Mainly, it does not scalable well with increasing
soft cores on single FPGAs. Next, it is tough to couple high
computation and demanding communication of the MPSoC
platform leading to expensive design flow with long design
time. Network on chip have become only alternative to
solve these problems.
Most of existing NoC offers and relay on a best effort
service those are depends on packet switing technique.
Examples of packet based NoCs are MANGO and
Xpipes[3]. Another class of NoCsare based on circuit
switching technique whose methodology is to fix the entire
path from source node to the destination node before coming
data from thesource node. PNoC and SPIN[4], based on
circuit switching method. Todays multimedia based system
demands predictable performance as node link between soft
cores are tightly time constrained. For such multi-core
systems, it is compulsory to provide guaranteed throughput
service before run-time. To meet these constraints, link
allocation should be done in advance during design flow
time.
TDM based NoC provides guaranteed throughput where
different time slots are used on the same link. One demerit
of TDM is that router switching configuration need to be
changed every time slot. This feature requires time slot
tables that needs area and consume power in every router.
Nostrum and AEthereal are based on TDM NoCs, those
architectures has to maintain time slot tables. Spatial
division multiplexing is best method where node links,
which inter connect the routers are allocated to different
links. Each link has flexible number of wires to assigned to
them.Theserialised data sent from sender on the wires
allocated and those are deserialised by the receiver before
forwarding to the IP core. The main merit of SDM over
other technique is that it removes the need of time slot tables
thus power optimised but complexity is moved to the
serializer and deserializer of network interface.
In this paper, we provide best methods to the above
problems. We have proposed a novel design and modified
architecture for network interface to handle the serializer
and deserialiser complexity that is common in SDM based
NoC[7]. A simple router with less complexity is proposed
which uses lower area at the cost of routing flexibility. This
mainly reduces the problem of reordering the data when data
arrive at the destination Network Interface.Our design flow
provides dynamically reconfiguring the NoC with different
link setups during run-time. We have modeled VHDL code
for SDM based NoC.We have connected microblazes in a
MPSoC using modified SDM based NoC with Xilinx EDK
and a working prototype has been implemented on a xilinx
spartan6 FPGA SP605 Evaluation board(SP605). The
softcoresmicroblazes were used to evaluate the dynamic
reconfiguration of the NoC as well as to communicate data
between each other.
II. MODIFIED SDM BASED NoC
ARCHITECTURE
The proposed architecture has been modeled as dual layer
structure where first layer is responsible for data transfer
while the second layer is the responsible for configuring
router links. The network topology is used for the
architecture is mesh which is best for multimedia
applications.Figure1 shows basic architecture of modified
SDM based NoC.
2. IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology
__________________________________________________________
Volume: 05 Issue: 02 | Feb-2016, Available @
Figure 1: Modified SDM based NoC
A. Dual layer structure
The second layer is simple network mainly used to program
the NoC as application demanded bandwidth. To program
the NoC , links between router should be fixed as soft
which requires data from other IP or soft cores. Number of
programming byte required to program the NoC depends on
size of mesh network(i.e 2x2 to maximum 7x7 ) that can
mapped on to target FPGA. For each router there will be one
soft IP which internally connected through network
interface. Network interface in each IP serializes soft IP data
from sender and deserializes at receiver side in order to
receive data from source IP. All routers and soft IP with
network will place in first layer which is r
transfer data from any source node to any destination node
through router links. Designer fix the number of wire
required to transfer data from source node to destination
node as per bandwidth requirements which is programmable
at design time.Figure 2 shows Dual layers in detail.
Figure 2(a) Data Layer
Figure 2(b) Control Layer
B. Modified Network Interface
The modified network interface for the spatial division
multiplexing based network on chip has special control
block that will be used to control in coming 32 bit data from
different channels of soft IP cores. This intelligent control
unit replaces multiple data distributors at transmitter side
and multiple data collectors at receiver side with only one
data distributor and one data collector. Proposed control unit
IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2319
_______________________________________________________________________________________
, Available @ http://www.ijret.org
Modified SDM based NoC
The second layer is simple network mainly used to program
the NoC as application demanded bandwidth. To program
the NoC , links between router should be fixed as soft cores
which requires data from other IP or soft cores. Number of
programming byte required to program the NoC depends on
size of mesh network(i.e 2x2 to maximum 7x7 ) that can
mapped on to target FPGA. For each router there will be one
ally connected through network
interface. Network interface in each IP serializes soft IP data
from sender and deserializes at receiver side in order to
receive data from source IP. All routers and soft IP with
network will place in first layer which is responsible to
transfer data from any source node to any destination node
through router links. Designer fix the number of wire
required to transfer data from source node to destination
node as per bandwidth requirements which is programmable
Figure 2 shows Dual layers in detail.
The modified network interface for the spatial division
multiplexing based network on chip has special control
block that will be used to control in coming 32 bit data from
different channels of soft IP cores. This intelligent control
e data distributors at transmitter side
and multiple data collectors at receiver side with only one
data distributor and one data collector. Proposed control unit
can be used for fault tolerance to minimize faults at
transmitter and receiver blocks of netw
modified network interface has many features, one of the
feature is huge area saving that main problem in any
Network on chip architectures and fault tolerance that is
very demand for multi-core system
applications. We have modified 32 bit to 1 bit serializerwith
intelligent control unit in network interface.
Network Interface.
Figure 3. Network Interface
C. Router for modified SDM based NoC
We have targeted xilinx FPGA to implement SDM based
NoC for MPSoC platform, so router architecture modified
just like architecture of xilinx switch by avoiding
unnecessary complex logic. In modified router for proposed
network-on-chip has five port which includes
north,south,east,west and local. Soft IP cores are c
through local port. From local port designer can send data to
adjacent router through other four ports. This feature is very
unique when compared with any other Network
architectures. Which provides more flexibility, scalability
and huge area saving. Each port size can be design
parameter which can be fixed at design time depending on
application bandwidth demand.
architecture in detail. Each side has one input port of size 8
bit, one output port of size 8 bit, one out allocated input port
of size 3 bits and one out allocated input index port of size
3. The size of out allocated input size 3 bit because in this
only 5 possible direction data can be sent from any side. The
size of out allocated input index depends on size if input
port and output port on each side.
Figure 4:
eISSN: 2319-1163 | pISSN: 2321-7308
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347
can be used for fault tolerance to minimize faults at
transmitter and receiver blocks of network interface. The
modified network interface has many features, one of the
feature is huge area saving that main problem in any
Network on chip architectures and fault tolerance that is
core system-on-chip in embedded
e have modified 32 bit to 1 bit serializerwith
intelligent control unit in network interface. Figure 3 shows
Network Interface
Router for modified SDM based NoC
We have targeted xilinx FPGA to implement SDM based
MPSoC platform, so router architecture modified
just like architecture of xilinx switch by avoiding
unnecessary complex logic. In modified router for proposed
chip has five port which includes
north,south,east,west and local. Soft IP cores are connected
through local port. From local port designer can send data to
adjacent router through other four ports. This feature is very
unique when compared with any other Network-on-chip
architectures. Which provides more flexibility, scalability
area saving. Each port size can be design
parameter which can be fixed at design time depending on
application bandwidth demand.Figure4 shows router
Each side has one input port of size 8
bit, one output port of size 8 bit, one out allocated input port
of size 3 bits and one out allocated input index port of size
3. The size of out allocated input size 3 bit because in this
ata can be sent from any side. The
size of out allocated input index depends on size if input
port and output port on each side.
Figure 4: Router
3. IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2319-1163 | pISSN: 2321-7308
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Volume: 05 Issue: 02 | Feb-2016, Available @ http://www.ijret.org 348
III. RESULTS
A. Simulation Results
We have setup 2x2 NoC architecture with proposed blocks
which are modeled using VHDL and simulated using xilinx
ISE simulator ISIM. Figure shows network interface results
and data sent from transmitter of network interface and data
received from soft IP core into receiver of network interface.
Figure also shows top level 2x2 NoC architecture results
with all four routers.
Figure 5. Simulation Results
B. Synthesis Results
For our experimental test setup 2x2 modified SDM based
NoC for MPSoC platform synthesis reports are generated
using xilinx synthesis tool XST. Figure shows synthesis
report which has available resource on spartan6 FPGA and
used for our test setup and percentage utilization of available
resources. Our report concludes that area is optimized at
network interface level and router side which can be
compared with any other network-on-chip architectures for
area optimization
Table : Synthesis Report
Device Utilization Summary
Logic Utilization Used Available Utilization
Number of Slice
Registers
6062 54576 11%
Number of Slice
LUTs
5257 27288 19%
Number of fully used
LUT-FF pairs
2457 8862 27%
Number of bonded
IOBs
288 296 97%
Number of
BUFG/BUFGCTRLs
2 16 12%
C. Implementation Results
We have integrated proposed modified SDM based NoC for
MpSoC platform with four microblaze soft xilinx IP RSIC
cores and 9 Fast Simplex Links(FSL) using Xilinx
Embedded Development Kit (EDK) 13.3 ISE design suite.
Figure shows device utilization summary after
implementation. Table I shows device utilization summary
of proposed modified SDM based NoC.
Table I: Device Utilization Summary
Device Utilization Summary
Logic Utilization Used Available Utilization
Number of Slice
Registers
1321 54576 2%
Number of Slice
LUTs
1645 27288 6%
Number of fully used
LUT-FF pairs
999 1967 50%
Number of bonded
IOBs
103 296 34%
Number of
BUFG/BUFGCTRLs
1 16 6%
IV. PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS
To analyze the performance of proposed NoC architectures
on spartan6 FPGA we have selected some case studies
which includes Advanced Encryption Standard(AES)
algorithm, JPEG compression ,JPEG2000 compression and
H263 video compression standards. We have evaluated the
application programs on proposed NoC architecture and
other well popular TDM based NoCs, SDM based
NoCs,Shared bus architectures and Advanced eXtensible
Interconnect (AXI) architecutres and compared. Our NoC
architectures shows better results than other popular
architectures in terms of area, power, execution time and
reconfiguration time.
Table I: Device Utilization In Slices
Application
Propose
d NoC
architect
ure
SDM
based
NoC
TDM
based
NoC
PLB
Shared
bus
AXI
architec
ture
AES 6000 6500 7250 6250 6450
JPEG 6300 7000 7780 6700 6900
JPEG2000 7000 7500 8300 7400 7600
H263 7900 8200 9000 8200 8500
Table II: Power Consumption
Application Proposed
NoC
architecture
SDM
based
NoC
TDM
based
NoC
PLB
Shared
bus
AXI
architecture
AES 200mW 250mW 300mW 400mW 390mW
JPEG 236mW 290mW 320mW 410mW 400mW
JPEG2000 300mW 360mW 390mW 490mW 480mW
H263 435mW 450mW 490mW 560mW 550mW
4. IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2319-1163 | pISSN: 2321-7308
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Volume: 05 Issue: 02 | Feb-2016, Available @ http://www.ijret.org 349
Table III: Execution Time Of Application On Test
Architectures
Application Proposed
NoC
architecture
SDM
based
NoC
TDM
based
NoC
PLB
Shared
bus
AXI
architecture
AES 2s 4.5s 6s 59s 50s
JPEG 3s 6.3s 8s 90s 80s
JPEG2000 4s 7s 9s 120s 90s
H263 5s 8s 12s 200s 170s
V. CONCLUSION
In this paper, we have proposed a novel design and flexible
network interface architecture for existing SDM based NoC
to improve performance and provide guaranteed service for
multimedia applications. This architecture saves huge area
and required only 5% of existing architectures. In future,
multiple applications can be evaluated concurrently on
modified SDM based NoC to explore high scalability and
performance.
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