Visual perception involves both direct and constructivist theories. We perceive structure through principles like figure/ground, grouping, closure and expect to see patterns that match our past experiences. Visual attention determines what we focus on within our visual field. Change blindness demonstrates how little we notice changes between interrupted views. Cognition includes memory, reasoning, problem solving and decision making which are influenced by goals of maximizing benefits while minimizing costs and effort. Information foraging theory applies cognitive principles to information seeking behavior.