1. A superheater converts saturated steam into dry superheated steam, increasing the overall efficiency of a thermal power plant. It consists of a combustion chamber, burner, steam coils, and measurement instruments. 2. An economizer is a heat exchanger that preheats a fluid to reduce energy consumption, commonly used in data centers. 3. An electrostatic precipitator removes particles from gas streams using electrical charges, involving corona discharge, electrostatic attraction, and dust particle collection.

1. SUPER HEATER, ECONOMIZER,
ESP
Name: Subhadip Ghosh
University Roll Number: 11701620012
Year & Semester: 3rd year (5th Sem)
Paper Name: POWER SYSTEM I
Paper Code: PE-EE 502
CO Number : CO1
Module Number: 1
Bloom's Level of Taxonomy : Understanding
RCC Institute of Information Technology
Subject: B.Tech in Electrical Engineering
Continuous Assessment -1(CA1)
Academic Session: 2022-23 (Odd Sem)

2. A superheater is a device used to convert
saturated steam or wet steam into
superheated steam or dry steam. It is a vital
part of the a boiler system that is used to
increase the overall efficiency of a thermal
power plant. More specifically, it is a device
which converts wet steam (saturated steam)
into dry steam as dry steam contains more
thermal energy. Dry steam is also less likely to
condense within the engine cylinders or the
casing of a steam turbine.
There are three types of Super Heaters:
radiant superheaters, convection superheaters
and separately fired superheaters. Depending
on the size of the plant, they can vary from a
few meters long to a few hundred meters.

3. The superheater component consists of :-
1. Combustion Chamber:- It is the space used for the fuel combustion process to heat steam. A
Combustion Chamber is the area within the Cylinder where the fuel/air mix is ignited. As the
Piston compresses the fuel/air mix and makes contact with the Spark Plug, the mixture is
combusted and pushed out of the Combustion Chamber in the form of energy.
2. Burner:- It is a tool used to burn fuel in the combustion chamber. So, the temperature of the
combustion chamber increases. The heat from the combustion burner is used to heat the steam
that is flowed into the combustion chamber.
3. Steam Coils:- Steam coils are a common heat source in an air handler to provide heating for
many commercial and industrial buildings.
4. Measurement Instrument:- A measuring instrument is a device to measure a physical quantity. It is
a tool to find out process parameters such as temperature and pressure of combustion, the
temperature of steam in and out whether it is desired or not.
Since steam can only be superheated when there is no water left around to evaporate, any
superheated steam boiler takes steam at the boiler outlet to superheat.

4. An economizer is a mechanical device which is used
as a heat exchanger by preheating a fluid to reduce
energy consumption. The electrostatic precipitator
(ESP) is a piece of equipment that is used to capture
dust particles that are formed or liberated by various
industrial processes.
Economizers are commonly used in data centers to
reduce the reliance on cooling devices, such as
chillers, compressors or computer room air
conditioners. Economizers can help lower a data
center's energy consumption and the associated costs,
while moving toward a greener computing
environment. Economizers can also extend the life of
cooling devices, leading to additional savings.

5. An electrostatic precipitator (ESP) removes particles from
a gas stream by using electrical energy to charge particles
either positively or negatively. It (ESP) is a piece of
equipment that is used to capture dust particles that are
formed or liberated by various industrial processes.
Basic Principle of ESP :-
An ESP involvesA high voltage is applied to the discharge
electrode, generating a corona discharge that produces
minus ions. The electrically charged dust is accumulated
on the collecting electrode by an electrical field.
Four basic processes for its operation. They are-
1. Corona discharge
2. Electrostatic attraction
3. Dust particle collection, and
4. Removal of these collected dust particles.

7. 1. Super Heater:
(i) Increase in efficiency of the steam power plant. Minimized erosion of turbine blade.
(ii) Increases the temperature of saturated steam by removing entrained water particles from turbines
steam.
(iii) Without careful maintenance superheaters are prone to a particular type of hazardous failure in the
tube bursting at the U-shaped turns in the superheater tubine.
2. Economizer:
(i) It recovers more heat of flue gases which normal air pre-heater can not do.
(ii) Economisers placed at passage of the flow of flue gases , so pressure drop take place of flue gases
( loss of draught )
3. Electrostatic Precipitator (ESP):
(i) The durability of the ESP is high.
(ii) It can be used for the collection of both dry and wet impurities.
(iii) The collection efficiency of the device is high even for small particles.
(iv) Not very flexible to changes in operating conditions once installed/purchased.
(v) Cannot control gaseous emissions.