1. INTERNSHIP REPORT
JINDAL POWER LIMETED , TAMNAR
SUBMITTED BY: SUBMITTED TO:
Name: Mr. Ram Bharosh Sao Department of Mechanical Engineering
University Roll No.:01UG19040029 School of Engineering
Semester:5 O.P JINDAL UNIVERSITY , RAIGARH
Branch: B.Tech (Mechanical)
2. 1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 About Jindal Power Limited:
• Power Limited (JPL), a subsidiary of Jindal Steel & Power Limited, is a leading power company in India across the
energy spectrum: thermal, hydro and renewable. JPL has been contributing significantly to the growing needs of
power in the country and its installed capacity is 3400 MW.
• JPL commissioned the first unit of its 4x250 MW thermal power plant in the Raigarh district of Chhattisgarh in
2007, becoming the first private player in the country to set up an Independent Power Plant (IPP). Since then, this
flagship has operated as a fully integrated power plant at an industry-leading Plant Load Factor (PLF) of 93%
(average for last seven years).
• Since its inception, a 6.9 km long cross-country conveyor belt (the second longest in Asia), was installed to feed
coal to the plant. Among the other integrated facilities built by JPL are a dam to feed water to the plant and a 258-
km long 400-KV double circuit transmission line to pump the power into the National Grid.
• Buoyed by the success of its 4x250 MW plant, JPL has further expanded its presence in Tamnar with a 2,400 MW
(4X600 MW) thermal power plant. With the completion of the mega expansion project, the Groups installed
capacity now stands at 37.6 Billion Units of Electricity
3. 2. Definition of Boiler
A boiler is an enclosed vessel in which a fluid
such as water is heated to produce steam or
the vaporized form of a liquid. The steam or hot
water is then circulated through a piping system, to
transfer heat for various applications such as
heating, power generation and other processes .
5. 2.2 Function of boiler
Boilers are used to produce steam. The generation part of a steam system uses a
boiler to add energy to a feedwater supply to generate steam. The energy is
released from the combustion of fossil fuels or from process waste heat .
3. Various types of boiler
3.1 In point of medium passing through the tube
a) Fire tube boiler: Where fire/flue gas passes inside the tube and water passes on the
outside.
b) Water tube boiler: Where water passes through the tube and ignition takes place
outside.
3.2 In point of application
a) Utility or power boilers: Boilers which generate steam to run a turbine for power
generation.
b) Industrial or process boilers: Boilers which generate steam for process industries like the
paper industry.
3.3 In point of fuel used
6. 3. Various types of boiler
3.1 In point of medium passing through the tube
Fire tube boiler: Where fire/flue gas passes inside the tube and water passes on the outside.
Water tube boiler: Where water passes through the tube and ignition takes place outside.
3.2 In point of application
Utility or power boilers: Boilers which generate steam to run a turbine for power
generation.
Industrial or process boilers: Boilers which generate steam for process industries like the
paper industry.
3.3 In point of fuel used
a) Oil fired
b) Gas fired
c)Solid fuel fired: It is further subdivided into:
1. Stoker fired Pulverised fuel fired
2. Fluidised bed combustion boiler
7. 4. Boiler presser parts
4.1 Definition of boiler presser part
Parts of the boiler that are subjected to high internal pressure of steam or water are
referred to here aspressure parts. Tubes, drum, and headers are examples of
pressure parts. Other components likes burners, etc., are not subjected to such
internal pressure. As such they are classified as nonpressure parts.
4.2 Boiler presser parts
• Following are the boiler pressure parts:
• Boiler Drum and internals.
• Super heaters.
• Re-heater.
• Economizer.
• Water Walls.
• Air Pre Heater.
4.3 Economizer
They are heat exchanger coils‚ usually finned‚ that are located in the flue gas ducting at
the exit of the boiler. Typically‚ a non-condensing economizer will raise the overall
efficiency by 2 % to 4 % .
8. It is generally used to preheat the feed water
4.4 Water drum
A steam drum is a standard feature of a water-tube boiler. It is a reservoir of
water/steam at the top end of the water tubes. The drum stores the steam
generated in the water tubes and acts as a phase-separator for the steam/water
mixture.
4.5 Water wall system
Boiler Water Wall Panels are a series of tubes welded together tangentially or
with membrane bar between them to form the walls of the boilers combustion
chamber. These tubes contain mostly water in liquid form that slowly evaporates
and rises in the boiler during combustion.
4.6 Superheater
A superheater is a device used to convert saturated steam or wet steam into
superheated steam or dry steam.
There are three types of superheaters:
1. radiant
2. convection
3. separately fired.
9. 4.7 Reheater
Reheater is a part of the boiler which to reheat steam output from the first level
of the steam turbine. Reheated steam will again absorb the heat energy from the
boiler to be used in the next level steam turbine. Reheater is one way to improve
the thermal efficiency of the Rankine Cycle.
5. Air system
The purpose of a power boiler is to create steam by applying heat energy to water.
The necessary heat energy is produced by combustion. Fuel and oxygen are
required for combustion to occur. To ensure complete combustion of the fuel in the
boiler furnace, enough air must be thoroughly mixed with the fuel. Each power
boiler fuel requires a different amount of air for complete combustion and the
combustion controls must be designed to provide it.
5.1 Primary air fan
Primary Air Fans: Primary air fans or PA fans are high pressure fans, used in the
boiler power plants to supply the air for transportation of coal directly from the
pulverizer to the furnace. PA fans give positive pressure upstream of the coal
pulverizer and handle relatively clean air.
10. 5.2 Secondary air fan
Secondary fans play an important role in power plants. The fuel inside the furnace
can be burned with the help of the secondary fan. When required, the SA fan is
used to increase the air flow to improve efficiency and save fuel.
6. Gas system
The flue gas system consists of two air heaters. The combustion gas transfers its
own heat to the water wall, the superheaters, the reheater and the economizer,
then leaves the boiler to the flue gas ducts. The flue gas goes to the stack through
the AH and is exhausted to the atmosphere.
6.1 Induced draft fan
An induced draught fan (ID fan) is provided to maintain a negative pressure in
the furnace by sucking the products of combustion from it with a slight
positive pressure at the discharge end vis-à-vis the bottom of the
chimney/stack.
11. •Bowl Mill is employed to pulverise the pre-crushed raw coal to required
fineness before it is admitted into the boiler furnace for combustion.
•Crushed raw coal at a controlled rate is feed into the revolving bowl of
the Bowl Mill. Centrifugal force feeds the coal uniformly over the
replaceable grinding ring where independently spun rolls exert the
required grinding pressure. The rolls do not touch the grinding ring even
when the mill is empty. Therefore the Bowl Mill operates silently without
the rumble that is characteristic of the mills in which there is metallic
contact between the grinding elements.
7. Bowl mill
