A brief lecture about the parts of speech.

1. Parts of Speech
Brushup p 7-14

2. The Parts of
Speech
• How words are
related to each
other
• The job each
word does

3. The Parts of
Speech
• How words are
related to each
other
• The job each
word does
Nouns/Pronouns
• Subjects
Verbs
• Actions
Adjectives
• Descriptions
Adverbs
• Descriptions
Prepositions
• Relationships
Conjunctions
• Connections
Interjections
• Emotions
modify

4. Relationships in a Sentence

5. Relationships in a Sentence
Who? Did? To what?
In. Pro Verb Pro Adj N Con N
Ouch! I burnt my right arm and hand
How? Where?
Adv Prep Adj N
badly on the stove.

6. Quick Links
Nouns
Pronouns
Verbs
Prepositions
Conjunctions
Adjectives
Adverbs
Interjections

7. Parts of Speech
Parts of Speech—the labels we give to words based on how those
words are used in a sentence
• Words can be used in more than one way.
I walk to class.
I took a walk after class.
Quick Links

8. The Subject of a Sentence
Noun—a word that names a person, place, object, or idea
• There are two categories of noun:
Quick Links
Common noun—a general word for a person, place, object, or
idea
Proper noun—a specific name for a person, place, object, or
idea
• And two forms of a noun:
Singular—only one person or object
Plural—two or more people or objects; usually add the suffixes
–s or –es

9. The Subject of a Sentence
Quick Links
Pronoun—a word that stands in for a noun to avoid repeating it .
(I, you, he, she, it, we, they)
After the phone rang eight times, Bill answered the phone.
Julia went home during Julia’s lunch break to check on Julia’s
dog.

10. The Action of a Sentence
Verb—a word that shows an action or state-of-being
• There are three categories of verb:
Quick Links
Action verbs—words that tell what is being done in a sentence,
like swim, drive, dance, write
Linking verbs—words like be, is, am, seem, or become that
connect a noun to something about it; shows the existence of
the noun.
Helping verbs—multi-word verbs like may be leaving, should
start, or does not stop

11. Links
Quick Links
Preposition—words that connect a noun or pronoun to another word
in the sentence
Prepositional phrase—a combination of words that starts with a
preposition and ends with noun or pronoun; the phrase shows a
relationship or direction
An ant was crawling up the teacher’s leg.
The plant on the windowsill was a present from my mother.

12. Links (p 11)
Quick Links
Conjunction—words that join ideas in a sentence
• Coordinating conjunctions (joining words) join two equal ideas
(For And Nor But Or Yet So)
I went to the store and to the pharmacy.
• Subordinating conjunctions (dependent words) join two unequal
ideas, meaning that one idea is an incomplete thought (because,
when, if)
If I go to the store, do you want me to pick anything up?

13. Descriptions
Quick Links
Adjectives—words that describe or modify nouns
Modify—to change or alter meaning
May tell which one, how many, what kind, color, or shape.
Adverbs—words that describe or modify verbs, adjectives, and
other adverbs
May tell when, where, why, or how something was done.
Yesterday Terri quickly installed the new computers in the Lab.

14. Emotions
Quick Links
Interjections—words that express strong feelings or surprise