english

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By Bhavya Ramdas

2. What is a Paragraph?
WORDS SENTENCES PARAGRAPH
A paragraph is often defined as a group of related
sentences in which one single, main idea is developed.
In a typical paragraph, the first sentence declares the
main topic of the paragraph and the rest of the sentences
develop or support the main idea.
A paragraph is most often a part of a longer composition
comprising of several paragraphs.

3. In short, a paragraph is. . .
 A group of sentences
 A clear main idea
 Supporting information
 Part of a longer composition
 A miniature essay!

4. A good paragraph has . . .
 Unity
 Support
 Coherence
 Good Language
 Variety of Structures

5. Unity
 One main idea
 Topic Sentence
 Other sentences support

6. Coherence
 Well organized details
• Spatial
• Chronological
• Importance
• logical
 A clear, sensible connection
 Linkers/connectors

7. Activity 1
Rearrange the below sentences:-
1. It contains, of course, the meanings of difficultwords.
2. One of the most important reference tools that you must possess isa
dictionary.
3. It also gives you the pronunciation of the words.
4. You do possess one, perhaps, but I doubt whether you are aware of the
different kinds of information it contains.
5. The dictionary can be referred to for the various grammatical forms ofthe
words.
6. Every college dictionary should provide at least these four kinds of
information about words, namely, pronunciation, meaning, grammatical
patterns and usage.
7. Finally, a good dictionary contains illustrative sentences or phrases, showing
how words are actually used.

8. 2 One of the most important reference tools that you must possess is a dictionary.
4
You do possess one, perhaps, but I doubt whether you are aware of the different kinds of
information it contains.
1 It contains, of course, the meanings of difficult words.
3 It also gives you the pronunciation of the words.
5 The dictionary can be referred to for the various grammatical forms of the words.
7
Finally, a good dictionary contains illustrative sentences or phrases, showing how words are
actually used.
6
Every college dictionary should provide at least these four kinds of information about words,
namely, pronunciation, meaning, grammatical patterns and usage.

9. 2
4
You do possess one, perhaps, but I doubt whether you are aware of the different
kinds of information it contains.
1
It contains, of course, the meanings of difficult words.
3
It also gives you the pronunciation of the words.
5
The dictionary can be referred to for the various grammatical forms of the words.
7
Finally, a good dictionary contains illustrative sentences or phrases, showing how
words are actually used.
6
Every college dictionary should provide at least these four kinds of information
about words, namely, pronunciation, meaning, grammatical patterns and usage.
One of the most important reference tools that you must possess is a dictionary.
TOPIC SENTENCE

10. Linkers
Cause & Effect
as a result
because
hence
since
so
Difference
although
but
however
instead
Though
Importance
at first
last
least
most important
next
Place
above
around
behind
here
Nearb
y
Similarity
also
another
and
in addition to
like
Time
after
before
then
when
final
ly
etc. . . .

11. More Linkers
above all further of course
additionally fortunately on the contrary
although in contrast on the other had
apart from in other words surely
besides in this case similarly
especially in the same way such
even in spite of thus
for example Indeed whereas etc . . .
for instance
furthermore
more importantly
moreover

12. Support
 Supporting ideas
 Evidence
 Examples
 Detail

13. Good Language
 GrammaticalAccuracy
 Correct Punctuation
 Apt Vocabulary
 Variety of Structures

14. Types of Paragraphs
DESCRIPTIVE
tell/
describe
NARRATIVE
express/ entertain
INFORMATIVE
inform/
explain
PERSUASIVE
influence/
persuade

15. DescriptiveParagraphdescribes something orsomeone

16. InformativeParagraphexplains an idea and inform facts

17. PersuasiveParagraphtries to convince the reader of
something
How much homework is too much? Everyday students stays
up very late to finish their homework. After a stressful day
in school, after hard practice for school sports team and
maybe some hours of work, they come home and only thing
they want to do is going to bed. But they can't because
they have to do a bunch of homework. An average student
gets about 30 minutes of homework a day per class. If one
has 7 periods a day, that makes 3.5 hours of homework
every night! Sure, it’s important to review things you have
learned at school to keep it afresh in mind. But the
students need to schedule time for leisure and
entertainment as well.

18. NarrativeParagraphdecribes an event or tells a
story

19. Process of Writing
 Gather
 Organize
 Draft
 Edit
 Publish
- relevant information
- meaningful sequence
- first/rough draft
- check, revise, refine
- final version

20. QUESTION TIME!!!
Which are the types of paragraphs?
This type of paragraph gives you important facts about something…
Which type of paragraph describes or tells a story?
Which type of paragraph describes a person?
This type of paragraph tries to convince you about something…

22. Activity 2
Write a paragraph in 100-120 words using the
hints below:
English – global language – more than a 100 countries –
nearly 50% world population – internal and international
communication – library language – research and
publications – web language