This document discusses abdominal paracentesis, which is the removal of fluid from the abdominal cavity to relieve pressure and obtain fluid for diagnosis. It describes the procedure, including patient preparation, sterile techniques used, locations for abdominal wall entry, equipment needed, steps of the procedure, potential complications, and uses of paracentesis such as for peritoneal dialysis.
Urinary diversion procedures are performed to divert urine from the bladder to a new exit site, usually through a surgically created opening (stoma) in the skin.
These procedures are primarily performed when a bladder tumor necessitates removal of the entire bladder (cystectomy).
Urinary diversion has also been used in managing pelvic malignancy, birth defects, strictures, trauma to ureters and urethra, neurogenic bladder, chronic infection causing severe ureteral and renal damage, and intractable interstitial cystitis and as a last resort in managing incontinence.
There are two categories of urinary diversion:
1. Cutaneous urinary diversion : in which urine drains through an opening created in the abdominal wall and skin.
2. Continent urinary diversion : in which a portion of the intestine is used to create a new reservoir for urine.
Urinary diversion procedures are performed to divert urine from the bladder to a new exit site, usually through a surgically created opening (stoma) in the skin.
These procedures are primarily performed when a bladder tumor necessitates removal of the entire bladder (cystectomy).
Urinary diversion has also been used in managing pelvic malignancy, birth defects, strictures, trauma to ureters and urethra, neurogenic bladder, chronic infection causing severe ureteral and renal damage, and intractable interstitial cystitis and as a last resort in managing incontinence.
There are two categories of urinary diversion:
1. Cutaneous urinary diversion : in which urine drains through an opening created in the abdominal wall and skin.
2. Continent urinary diversion : in which a portion of the intestine is used to create a new reservoir for urine.
Abdominal paracentesis, also known as an abdominal tap or ascitic tap, is a medical procedure in which a needle is inserted into the abdominal cavity to remove excess fluid that has accumulated in the peritoneal space. This procedure is typically performed to diagnose the cause of abdominal fluid accumulation (ascites) or to provide symptomatic relief for patients with large amounts of fluid in their abdomen
La especialidad de Cirugía Plástica y Estética Facial ocupa un sitio muy importante dentro de la práctica quirúrgica de excelencia médica a nivel Internacional, de ahí la necesidad de confiar su rostro sólo a aquellos especialistas que han cursado estudios y recibido entrenamiento especializado en la cara.
Más información en: http://www.clinicabenarroch.com/rinoplastia.html
A PRESENTATION ON THE BASIC ASPECTS OF PERITONITIS, ITS TYPES AND MANAGEMENT. IT IS DIRECTED TOWARDS THE BEGINNER IN SURGERY - MEDICAL STUDENT AND THE SURGERY RESIDENT.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
5. PARACENTESIS IS THE REMOVAL OF FLUID
FROM THE ABDOMINAL CAVITY(PERITONIUM)
TO REDUCE INTRA-ABDOMINAL TENSION IN
PATIENT WITH RESPIRTORY COMPROMISE
AND TENSION ASCITES OR OBTAIN FLUID FOR
CULTURE.
IT IS ALSO CALLED PERITONEAL TAP
6. ABDOMINAL PARACENTESIS IS THE
PUNCTURE OF THE ABDOMINAL WALL
WITH THE AN ABDOMINAL TROCHAR AND
CANNULA
7.
8. TO RELIEVE PRESSURE ON THE ABDOMINAL
AND CHEST ORGANS DUE TO ASCITES
TO STUDY CHEMICAL,BACTERIOLOGICAL
AND CELLULAR COMPOSITION OF
PERITONEAL FLUID FOR DIAGNOSIS OF
DISEASE
TO DRAIN EXUDATE IN PERITONITIS
9. TO PREPARE FOR PROCEDURES LIKE
PERITONEAL DIALYSIS
TO STUDY CELL COUNT,GRAM
STAIN,MICROSCOPY AND CULTURE
TO REMOVE FLUID AND INSTILL AIR
TO CREATE ARTIFICAL PNEUMOPERITONEUM
AS TREATED FOR PULMONARY
TUBERCULOSIS AFFECTING BASE OF LUNG.
11. The two recommended areas
of abdominal wall entry for
paracentesis are as follows.
2 cm below the umbilicus in
the midline (through the linea
alba)
-5 cm superior and medial to
the anterior superior iliac
spines on either side(in
update 3cm)
12.
13. A STERILE TRAY CONTAINING:
SPONGE HOLDING FORCEPS
05 ML SYRINGE
20 ML SYRINGE
BETADINE SOLUTION
14.
15. STERILE GLOVES
THREE WAY ADAPTER( TROCAR)
AND TUBING
SMALL BOWLS
SPECIMEN BOTTLE
STERILE DRESSING PACK
COTTON BALLS
LOCAL ANESTHETICS
SPHYGMOMANOMETER
16. PREPROCEDURAL STEPS
IDENTIFY THE PATIENT AND EXPLAIN THE
PROCEDURE TO THE PATIENT AND
RELATIVES
MEASURE ABDOMOINAL GIRTH AND WEIGHT
OF THE PATIENT
OBTAIN INFORMED CONSENT
PLACE THE PATIENT IN UPRIGHT POSITION
17. ASK THE PATIENT TO CATHETERISE
FOLLOW STRICT ASEPTIC TECHNIQUES
PLACE THE SCREEN
PREPARE THE SKIN FROM NIPPLE TO PELVIS
RECORD VITAL SIGNS
KEEP THE PATIENT WARM AND COMFORTABLE
KEEP DRUGS AND EQUIPMENTS READY TO
TREAT SHOCK
PLACE SPHYGMOMANOMETER CUFF AROUND
PATIENT’S ARM
18. EXPOSE THE AREA BELOW THE NIPPLE TO
THE PUBIC AREA TO MINIMIZE EXPOSURE OF
THE PATIENT
PLACE THE PATIENT IN SUPINE OR SITTING
POSITION
PLACE THE MACKINTOSH
WASH HANDS AND OPEN THE STERILE FIELD
19. ASSIST THE PHYSICIAN IN INSERTING THE
TROCAR AND CANNULA BELOW THE UMBILICUS.
REMOVE THE TOCAR
PLACE THE RUBBER TUBING INTO A STERILE
PINT ,MEASURE AND ADJUST THE RATE OF FLOW
WITH A SCREW CLAMP TO MEASURE THE
DRAINED OUT FLUID AND PREVENT CROSS
INJECTION
AFTER ENOUGH FLUID IS WITHDRAWN , REMOVE
THE CANNULA
PLACE STERILE DRESSING AND PRESSURE
BANDAGE OVER THE PUNCTURE SITE
PLACE THE PATIENT IN COMFORTABLE POSITION
20.
21.
22.
23. TIDY UP THE UNIT AFTER MAKING THE PATIENT
COMFORTABLE
RECORD THE AMOUNT OF FLUID REMOVED AND
ITS CHARACTERISTICS TO MEASURE
ACCURATELY
CHECK THE VITAL SIGNS
OBSERVE THE DRESSING
ASESS FOR HYPOVOLEMIA CHANGES IN
MENTAL STATUS
26. Pentoneal dialysis is the process cavity acts as
reservoir for the dialysate and peritoneum
serves as semi-permeable membrane, across
which excess body fluids and solutes,
including uremic toxins are removed
Peritoneal membrane is in contact with rich
blood supply to the abdominal organs and
dulysate is infused into peritoneal cavity via
catheter.
