The document discusses paper batteries, including what they are, their advantages over traditional batteries, and their potential future applications. A paper battery is a flexible, ultra-thin energy storage device formed by combining carbon nanotubes with paper. It functions as both a battery and supercapacitor. Paper batteries are inexpensive, flexible, durable, and can be cut or folded without losing power. They may one day be used to power vehicles or medical devices implanted in the body.

1. presented by
VASUKI.B

2.  WHAT IS A PAPER BATTERY
 WHY PAPER BATTERY
 IMPROVEMENTS
 WORKING
 DURABILITY
 APPLICATIONS
 FUTURE POWER OF PAPER BATTERY
 CONCLUSION

3. A paper battery is a flexible, ultra-thin energy storage and production
device formed by combining carbon nanotube with a conventional sheet of
cellulose-based paper.
A paper battery acts as both a high-energy battery and super-capacitor ,
combining two components that are separate in traditional electronics .
WHAT IS A PAPER BATTERY?

4.  Generally Li-ion re-chargeable batteries are used in mobiles,laptops and
most of the electronic devices.
 3 primary functional component of Li-ion battery are:
1. -ve electrode(graphite)
2. +ve electrode(cobalt oxide)
3.electrolyte( lithium salt in organic solvent)
 During discharge and charging, lithium ions Li+ carry the current from the
negative to the positive electrode and vice-versa respectively, through the
non-aqueous electrolyte .

5. • EXPENSIVE -- 40% more than NiCd.
• DELICATE -- battery temp must be
monitored from within (which raises the
price), and sealed particularly well.
• REGULATIONS -- when shipping Li-Ion
batteries in bulk (which also raises the
price).
Class 9 miscellaneous hazardous material

6.  Ultra-thin size & flexible structure.
 Exhibits property of super-capacitor(22F-36F per gram)
 Operating temper ature(-75 to 100 degree celsius)
 provide both long-term, steady power production and
bursts of energy.
 Cost-effective.

7.  CNT thin films were coated onto stainless steel (SS) substrates with a
solution based process.
 The concentration of CNT is 1.7 mg/mL.
 A dried film with a thickness of 2 micrometer was formed after drying the
CNT ink on the SS substrate at 80 °C for 5 min.This film is then peeled off
from substrate.
 These films act as electrodes of paper battery.
 one film is pasted to electrolyte LTO (Li4Ti5O12) and the other film is
pasted to electrolyte LCO (LiCoO2).
 Paper is sandwiched between two electrolytes LTO and LCO with
PVDF(poly vinylidene fluoride) acting as glue.

11. • The flexible battery can function even if it is rolled up,
folded or cut.
•We can get 2.5 volts of electricity from a sample the
size of a postage stamp.
• "If we stack 500 sheets together in a ream, that's 500
times the voltage. If we rip the paper in half we cut power
by 50%. So we can control the power and voltage issue."
• Because the battery consists mainly of paper and
carbon, it could be used to power pacemakers within the
body where conventional batteries pose a toxic threat.

12.  While a conventional battery contains a number of
separate components, the paper battery integrates all of the
battery components in a single structure, making it more
energy efficient.
 Traditional Batteries produce electrons through a chemical
reaction between electrolyte and metal.
 paper battery produces electrons due to the interaction of
electrolytes LTO & LCO.
 Electrons collect on the negative terminal of the battery
and flow along a connected wire to the positive terminal
during discharging.
 Electrons must flow from the negative to the positive
terminal for the chemical reaction to continue.

14. Paper battery offers future power
The black piece of paper can power a small light.
 Flexible paper batteries could meet the energy demands of
the next generation of gadgets.
The ambition is to produce reams of paper that could one day
power a car.
The paper battery was a glimpse into the future of power storage.

15. .