A paper battery is an ultra-thin, flexible energy storage device created by combining carbon nanotubes with paper. It acts as both a high-energy battery and capacitor. Paper batteries have advantages over conventional lithium-ion batteries in that they are thinner, more flexible, operate over a wider temperature range, and are more cost-effective. A paper battery works by facilitating the flow of ions and electrons between carbon nanotube electrodes during charging and discharging. While paper batteries show potential, challenges remain in scaling them up to the power levels of conventional batteries in a cost-effective way without generating electronic waste.

1. By ALI

2. Paper battery:?
A paper battery is a flexible, ultra-thin energy storage
and production device formed by combining carbon
nanotube with a conventional sheet of cellulose-based
paper.
A paper battery acts as both a high-energy battery and
capacitor.

3. GENERAL Li-ION BATTERY
Generally Li-ion re-chargeable batteries are used
in mobiles,laptops and most of the electronic devices.
3 primary functional component of Li-ion battery
are:
1. -ve electrode(graphite)
2. +ve electrode(cobalt oxide)
3.electrolyte( lithium salt in organic solvent)
During discharge and charging, lithium ions Li+
carry the current from the negative to the positive
electrode and vice-versa respectively, through the
non-aqueous electrolyte

4. Disadvantages of Li-Ion
• expansive
• battery temp must be monitored from
within (which raises the price), and
sealed particularly well.
• when shipping Li-Ion batteries in bulk
(which also raises the price).

5. Working Conventional Battery Vs Paper
Battery
Conventional Battery produce electrons through
a chemical reaction between electrolyte and
metal .Chemical reaction in Paper Battery is
between electrolyte and carbon nano-tubes.
Electrons must flow from negative to positive
terminal for the chemical reaction .The Paper
electrode stores charge while recharging in 10
seconds because ions flow through the thin
electrode quickly

6. WHY TO USE PAPER BATTERY?
Ultra-thin size & flexible structure.
 Exhibits property of super-capacitor
Operating temperature(-75 to 100 degree celsius)
provide both long-term, steady power production and
bursts of energy.
Cost-effective.

7. STRUCTURE OF PAPER BATTERY

8. Carbon nano tubes:
Acarbon nanotube is a tube-shaped material,
made of carbon, having a diameter measuring on
the nanometer scale.
A nanometer is one billionth of the meter or
about one ten-thousandth the thickness of the
human hair.
The graphite layer appears somewhat like a
rolled-up chicken wire with a continuous
unbroken hexagonal mesh and carbon molecules
at the apexes of the hexagons.
Carbon Nanotubes have many structures,
differing in length, thickness, and in the type of
helicity and number of layers.

9. Characterization:
Carbon nano tubes can be characterized by their structure.

10. Multi –wall carbon nano tube
(MWCNT)
a=0.246nm
Diameter of an ideal nano tube is

11. •The flexible battery can function even if it is rolled
up or folded .
•We can get 2.5 volts of electricity from a
sample the size of a postage stamp.
•If we stack 500 sheets together in a ream, that's 500
times the voltage. If we rip the paper in half we cut
power by 50%. So we can control the power and
voltage issue.
•Because the battery consists mainly of paper and
carbon, it could be used to power pacemakers within
the body where conventional batteries pose a toxic
threat.
ADVANTAGES

12. DISADVANTAGES
Carbon ano tubes are very expansive
Batteries with large enough power are unlikely to be cost effective
For commercial viabilities, these batteries have to be scaled upto
Sheets of news paper size.
Replacing old batteries results wastage of old electronic goods
Generation of E-Waste
Should not be inhaled as they can damage lungs