WAP is a standardized technology for cross-platform, distributed computing, very similar to the Internet’s combination of Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) and Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP). WAP could be described as a set of protocols that has inherited its characteristics and functionality from Internet standards and from standards developed for wireless services by some of the world’s leading companies in the business of wireless telecommunications. This application will help patients, the normal doctor and the medical director. The patient can reserve an appointment. The normal doctor can view and print the lists of patient appointment under his responsibility. The medical director can add new departments, add new doctors, and also can change the password to access the database. He can also modify data and working schedules of doctors assigned. He can add new patients and can have privilege access to transfer any patient appointment to another doctor. This Application which has been developed by using WAP was the first of its kind here, where software has been developed.
A XMLRPC Approach to the Management of Cloud Infrastructureiosrjce
IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering (IOSR-JCE) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of computer engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in computer technology. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Call Admission Control (CAC) with Load Balancing Approach for the WLAN NetworksIJARIIT
The cell migrations take place between the different network operators, and require the significant information exchange between the operators to handle the migratory users. The new user registration requires the pre-shared information from the user’s equipment, which signifies the user recognition before registering the new user over the network. In this thesis, the proposed model has been aimed at the development of the new call admission control mechanism with the sub-channel assignment. The very basic utilization of the proposed model is to increase the number of the users over the given cell units, which is realized by using the sub-channel assignment to the users of the network. The proposed model is aimed at solving the issue by assigning the dual sub channels over the single communication channel. Also the proposed model is aimed at handling the minimum resource users by incorporating the load balancing approach over the given network segment. The load balancing approach shares the load of the overloaded cell with the cell with lowest resource utilization. The proposed model performance has been evaluated in the various scenarios and over all of the BTS nodes. The proposed model results have been obtained in the form of the resource utilization, network load, transmission delay, consumed bandwidth and data loss. The proposed model has shown the efficiency obtained by using the proposed call admission control (CAC) along with the new load balancing mechanism. The proposed model has shown the robustness of the proposed model in handling the cell overloading factors.
Depiction Optimization of Overdue Wi-Fi Offloading in Heterogeneous SystemsIJASRD Journal
The fast growing mobile data traffic causes the deficiency of cellular network capacity. To mitigate this problem, Wi-Fi offloading techniques where the mobile data traffic is offloaded through sparsely deployed Wi-Fi networks have been extensively investigated. Wi-Fi offloading techniques can be classified into: 1) auction game-based offloading and 2) congestion game-based offloading. To proposed system inventing a Finite Horizon Markov Decision Process (FHMDP) to make offloading decisions efficiently. The existing approach use two algorithms such as; 1) Hybrid offloading algorithm and 2) Monotone offloading algorithm. But the previous work of hybrid offloading algorithm and monotone offloading algorithm was not efficient. Based on the Finite Horizon Markov Decision Process (FHMDP) mechanism. The proposed mechanism of offload cellular network traffic of vehicular users through carrier Wi-Fi networks based on the game theory approach. It computes the mobile network offloading performance. In this design of offloading mechanism in order to improve the overall offloading performance. By reducing the number of vehicular users contending for the channel and prioritizing high WIFI data rates and thus the offloading performance can be improved. In the proposed approach is reducing the accessing cost, time and improve the Wi-Fi offloading performance.
Long term evolution (LTE) is replacing the 3G services slowly but steadily and become a preferred choice
for data for human to human (H2H) services and now it is becoming preferred choice for voice also. In
some developed countries the traditional 2G services gradually decommissioned from the service and
getting replaced with LTE for all H2H services. LTE provided high downlink and uplink bandwidth
capacity and is one of the technology like mobile ad hoc network (MANET) and vehicular ad hoc network
(VANET) being used as the backbone communication infrastructure for vehicle networking applications.
When Compared to VANET and MANET, LTE provides wide area of coverage and excellent infrastructure
facilities for vehicle networking. This helps in transmitting the vehicle information to the operator and
downloading certain information into the vehicle nodes (VNs) from the operators server. As per the ETSI
publications the number of machine to machine communication (MTC) devices are expected to touch 50
billion by 2020 and this will surpass H2H communication. With growing congestion in the LTE network,
accessing the network for any request from VN especially during peak hour is a big challenge because of
the congestion in random access channel (RACH). In this paper we will analyse this RACH congestion
problem with the data from the live network. Lot of algorithms are proposed for resolving the RACH
congestion on the basis of simulation results so we would like to present some practical data from the live
network to this issue to understand the extent RACH congestion issue in the real time scenario.
A XMLRPC Approach to the Management of Cloud Infrastructureiosrjce
IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering (IOSR-JCE) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of computer engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in computer technology. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Call Admission Control (CAC) with Load Balancing Approach for the WLAN NetworksIJARIIT
The cell migrations take place between the different network operators, and require the significant information exchange between the operators to handle the migratory users. The new user registration requires the pre-shared information from the user’s equipment, which signifies the user recognition before registering the new user over the network. In this thesis, the proposed model has been aimed at the development of the new call admission control mechanism with the sub-channel assignment. The very basic utilization of the proposed model is to increase the number of the users over the given cell units, which is realized by using the sub-channel assignment to the users of the network. The proposed model is aimed at solving the issue by assigning the dual sub channels over the single communication channel. Also the proposed model is aimed at handling the minimum resource users by incorporating the load balancing approach over the given network segment. The load balancing approach shares the load of the overloaded cell with the cell with lowest resource utilization. The proposed model performance has been evaluated in the various scenarios and over all of the BTS nodes. The proposed model results have been obtained in the form of the resource utilization, network load, transmission delay, consumed bandwidth and data loss. The proposed model has shown the efficiency obtained by using the proposed call admission control (CAC) along with the new load balancing mechanism. The proposed model has shown the robustness of the proposed model in handling the cell overloading factors.
Depiction Optimization of Overdue Wi-Fi Offloading in Heterogeneous SystemsIJASRD Journal
The fast growing mobile data traffic causes the deficiency of cellular network capacity. To mitigate this problem, Wi-Fi offloading techniques where the mobile data traffic is offloaded through sparsely deployed Wi-Fi networks have been extensively investigated. Wi-Fi offloading techniques can be classified into: 1) auction game-based offloading and 2) congestion game-based offloading. To proposed system inventing a Finite Horizon Markov Decision Process (FHMDP) to make offloading decisions efficiently. The existing approach use two algorithms such as; 1) Hybrid offloading algorithm and 2) Monotone offloading algorithm. But the previous work of hybrid offloading algorithm and monotone offloading algorithm was not efficient. Based on the Finite Horizon Markov Decision Process (FHMDP) mechanism. The proposed mechanism of offload cellular network traffic of vehicular users through carrier Wi-Fi networks based on the game theory approach. It computes the mobile network offloading performance. In this design of offloading mechanism in order to improve the overall offloading performance. By reducing the number of vehicular users contending for the channel and prioritizing high WIFI data rates and thus the offloading performance can be improved. In the proposed approach is reducing the accessing cost, time and improve the Wi-Fi offloading performance.
Long term evolution (LTE) is replacing the 3G services slowly but steadily and become a preferred choice
for data for human to human (H2H) services and now it is becoming preferred choice for voice also. In
some developed countries the traditional 2G services gradually decommissioned from the service and
getting replaced with LTE for all H2H services. LTE provided high downlink and uplink bandwidth
capacity and is one of the technology like mobile ad hoc network (MANET) and vehicular ad hoc network
(VANET) being used as the backbone communication infrastructure for vehicle networking applications.
When Compared to VANET and MANET, LTE provides wide area of coverage and excellent infrastructure
facilities for vehicle networking. This helps in transmitting the vehicle information to the operator and
downloading certain information into the vehicle nodes (VNs) from the operators server. As per the ETSI
publications the number of machine to machine communication (MTC) devices are expected to touch 50
billion by 2020 and this will surpass H2H communication. With growing congestion in the LTE network,
accessing the network for any request from VN especially during peak hour is a big challenge because of
the congestion in random access channel (RACH). In this paper we will analyse this RACH congestion
problem with the data from the live network. Lot of algorithms are proposed for resolving the RACH
congestion on the basis of simulation results so we would like to present some practical data from the live
network to this issue to understand the extent RACH congestion issue in the real time scenario.
Basics of telecommunication and networkingMilan Padariya
Telecommunication enables people to talk via electronic media and Networking enables more than one computers to connect and share the information. In today's business telecommunication and networking play an important role. Also wireless technologies like bluetooth and Wi-Fi make easy transaction for any IT enable business.
Best strategy to control data on internet-of-robotic-things in heterogeneous ...IJECEIAES
The control and transmission of huge data constitute an immense challenge in various types of networks (wired and wireless). Congestion caused by the high traffic and low throughput of huge data continues to be major problems in a heterogeneous platforms such as internet of things (IoT) technology and internet-of-robotic-things (IoRT). The heterogeneous network requires new models and mechanisms to deal with the increased challenges posed by IoT and IoRT. Accordingly, eliminating the issues that emerge has compelled finding improved solutions as a new strategy. This study proposed a new strategy called routing information and distance vector (RIDV) to create the best improvement of a heterogeneous network. The RIDV strategy activates the routing information protocol (RIPv2) on a router in wire network parallel with the ad-hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV) protocol on the wireless network. The RIDV strategy is used to solve the problems of the diversity of heterogeneous networks as the basis of the infrastructure IoRT technology. Hence, this strategy can reduce or avoid congestion through the use of enhanced and effective best routing protocols. Simulation results using OPNET show that the proposed method improved the quality of service (QoS) compared with other related strategies and AODV and RIPv1 protocols in terms of data drop, traffic drop, queue delay, and throughput.
MOBILE WEB SERVICE PROVISIONING AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF MOBILE HOSTijwscjournal
Providing web services from smart phones is current recent research topic, this happened because of smart phones are used almost every area, where today’s user uses for mobile banking, emailing, searching location and data. Smart phones are advanced in terms of processing power, memory with an embedded camera, sensors and same time parallel advancement in wireless network and software web technologies. Due to these advancement enables the mobile smart phones work as a web service provider instead of web
service consumer. The idea of hosting web services on mobile host is not new, last one decade researchers working on mobile web service provisioning. This paper extends the our previous research work in the cellular domain to the current generation platform technologies and standards such as Android OS and
REST. This paper deals with mobile host scalability and experimental result analysis for how many concurrent users access mobile host.
Providing web services from smart phones is current recent research topic, this happened because of
smart phones are used almost every area, where today’s user uses for mobile banking, emailing, searching
location and data. Smart phones are advanced in terms of processing power, memory with an embedded
camera, sensors and same time parallel advancement in wireless network and software web technologies.
Due to these advancement enables the mobile smart phones work as a web service provider instead of web
service consumer. The idea of hosting web services on mobile host is not new, last one decade researchers
working on mobile web service provisioning. This paper extends the our previous research work in the
cellular domain to the current generation platform technologies and standards such as Android OS and
REST. This paper deals with mobile host scalability and experimental result analysis for how many
concurrent users access mobile host.
Cellular networks are overloaded by mobile data traffic because of fast growth of mobile broadband services and the widespread use of smart phones. Application of smartphone, laptops internet etc. are increasing day by day. All this is causing congestion problem. Data revenue problem is a major problem for the network operators. One of the solutions to alleviate this problem is the offloading of mobile data traffic from the cellular access technology to the Wi-Fi access network. Wi-Fi access point is widely deployed by customers or by the operators so can be easily used for offloading technique. This paper reviews the models and architecture of offloading in between LTE network and Wi-Fi access network. Limitations of using Wi-Fi as alternative access network is also discussed in this paper and brief of ANDSF is provided in the paper.
LOW POWER CLASS AB SI POWER AMPLIFIER FOR WIRELESS MEDICAL SENSOR NETWORK bioejjournal
The objective of this research was to design a 2.4 GHz class AB Power Amplifier (PA), with 0.18um
Semiconductor Manufacturing International Corporation (SMIC) CMOS technology by using Cadence
software, for health care applications. The ultimate goal for such application is to minimize the trade-offs
between performance and cost, and between performance and low power consumption design. This paper
introduces the design of a 2.4GHz class AB power amplifier which consists of two stage amplifiers. This
power amplifier can transmit 10dBm output power to a 50Ω load. The power added efficiency is 7.5% at
1dB compression point and the power gain is 10dB, the total power consumption is 0.135W. The
performance of the power amplifier meets the specification requirements of the desired.
Video streaming over Ad hoc on-demand distance vector routing protocoljournalBEEI
Video streaming is content sent in compressed form over the netwoks and viwed the users progressively. The transmission of video with the end goal that it can be prepared as consistent and nonstop stream. The point is that to give client support to client at anyplace and at whatever time. Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs) are considered an attractive nertwork for information transmission in many applications where the customer programme can begin showing the information before the whole record has been transmitted.
Ad hoc On-demand Distance Vector (AODV) protocol is considered as one of the most important routing protocols in MANET. However, routing protocols assume a crucial part in transmission of information over the network. This paper investigates the performance of AODV Routing Protocol under video traffic over PHY IEEE 802.11g. The protocol model was developed in OPNET. Different outcomes from simulation based models are analyzed and appropriate reasons are also discussed. A different scenarios of video streaming were used. The metric in terms of throughput, end to end delay, packet delivery ratio and routing overhead were measured.
A comparision with GRP and GRP are also reported.
An extensible, programmable, commercial-grade platform for internet service a...Tal Lavian Ph.D.
With their increasingly sophisticated applications, users promote the notion that there is more to a network (be it an intranet, or the Internet) than mere L1-3 connectivity. In what shapes a next generation service contract between users and the network, users want the network to offer services that are as ubiquitous and dependable as dial tones. Typical services include application-aware firewalls, directories, nomadic support, virtualization, load balancing, alternate site failover, etc. To fulfill this vision, a service architecture is needed. That is, an architecture wherein end-to-end services compose, on-demand, across network domains, technologies, and administration boundaries. Such an architecture requires programmable mechanisms and programmable network devices for service enabling, service negotiation, and service management. The bedrock foundation of the architecture, and also the key focus of the paper, is an open-source programmable service platform that is explicitly designed to best exploit commercial-grade network devices. The platform predicates a full separation of concerns, in that control-intensive operations are executed in software, whereas, data-intensive operations are delegated to hardware. This way, the platform is capable of performing wire-speed content filtering, and activating network services according to the state of data and control flows. The paper describes the platform and some distinguishing services realized on the platform.
A novel adaptive schema to facilitates playback switching technique for video...IJECEIAES
The services of the video on demand (VoD) are currently based on the developments of the technology of the digital video and the network’s high speed. The files of the video are retrieved from many viewers according to the permission, which is given by VoD services. The remote VoD servers conduct this access. A server permits the user to choose videos anywhere/ anytime in order to enjoy a unified control of the video playback. In this paper, a novel adaptive method is produced in order to deliver various facilities of the VoD to all devices that are moving within several networks. This process is performed via mobility modules within the produced method since it applies a seamless playback technique for retrieving the facilities of the VoD through environments of heterogeneous networks. The performance of the simulation is tested for checking clients’ movements through different networks with different sizes and speeds, which are buffered in the storage. It is found to be proven from the results that the handoff latency has various types of rapidity. The method applies smooth connections and delivers various facilities of the VoD. Meantime, the mobile device transfers through different networks. This implies that the system transports video segments easily without encountering any notable effects.
Basics of telecommunication and networkingMilan Padariya
Telecommunication enables people to talk via electronic media and Networking enables more than one computers to connect and share the information. In today's business telecommunication and networking play an important role. Also wireless technologies like bluetooth and Wi-Fi make easy transaction for any IT enable business.
Best strategy to control data on internet-of-robotic-things in heterogeneous ...IJECEIAES
The control and transmission of huge data constitute an immense challenge in various types of networks (wired and wireless). Congestion caused by the high traffic and low throughput of huge data continues to be major problems in a heterogeneous platforms such as internet of things (IoT) technology and internet-of-robotic-things (IoRT). The heterogeneous network requires new models and mechanisms to deal with the increased challenges posed by IoT and IoRT. Accordingly, eliminating the issues that emerge has compelled finding improved solutions as a new strategy. This study proposed a new strategy called routing information and distance vector (RIDV) to create the best improvement of a heterogeneous network. The RIDV strategy activates the routing information protocol (RIPv2) on a router in wire network parallel with the ad-hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV) protocol on the wireless network. The RIDV strategy is used to solve the problems of the diversity of heterogeneous networks as the basis of the infrastructure IoRT technology. Hence, this strategy can reduce or avoid congestion through the use of enhanced and effective best routing protocols. Simulation results using OPNET show that the proposed method improved the quality of service (QoS) compared with other related strategies and AODV and RIPv1 protocols in terms of data drop, traffic drop, queue delay, and throughput.
MOBILE WEB SERVICE PROVISIONING AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF MOBILE HOSTijwscjournal
Providing web services from smart phones is current recent research topic, this happened because of smart phones are used almost every area, where today’s user uses for mobile banking, emailing, searching location and data. Smart phones are advanced in terms of processing power, memory with an embedded camera, sensors and same time parallel advancement in wireless network and software web technologies. Due to these advancement enables the mobile smart phones work as a web service provider instead of web
service consumer. The idea of hosting web services on mobile host is not new, last one decade researchers working on mobile web service provisioning. This paper extends the our previous research work in the cellular domain to the current generation platform technologies and standards such as Android OS and
REST. This paper deals with mobile host scalability and experimental result analysis for how many concurrent users access mobile host.
Providing web services from smart phones is current recent research topic, this happened because of
smart phones are used almost every area, where today’s user uses for mobile banking, emailing, searching
location and data. Smart phones are advanced in terms of processing power, memory with an embedded
camera, sensors and same time parallel advancement in wireless network and software web technologies.
Due to these advancement enables the mobile smart phones work as a web service provider instead of web
service consumer. The idea of hosting web services on mobile host is not new, last one decade researchers
working on mobile web service provisioning. This paper extends the our previous research work in the
cellular domain to the current generation platform technologies and standards such as Android OS and
REST. This paper deals with mobile host scalability and experimental result analysis for how many
concurrent users access mobile host.
Cellular networks are overloaded by mobile data traffic because of fast growth of mobile broadband services and the widespread use of smart phones. Application of smartphone, laptops internet etc. are increasing day by day. All this is causing congestion problem. Data revenue problem is a major problem for the network operators. One of the solutions to alleviate this problem is the offloading of mobile data traffic from the cellular access technology to the Wi-Fi access network. Wi-Fi access point is widely deployed by customers or by the operators so can be easily used for offloading technique. This paper reviews the models and architecture of offloading in between LTE network and Wi-Fi access network. Limitations of using Wi-Fi as alternative access network is also discussed in this paper and brief of ANDSF is provided in the paper.
LOW POWER CLASS AB SI POWER AMPLIFIER FOR WIRELESS MEDICAL SENSOR NETWORK bioejjournal
The objective of this research was to design a 2.4 GHz class AB Power Amplifier (PA), with 0.18um
Semiconductor Manufacturing International Corporation (SMIC) CMOS technology by using Cadence
software, for health care applications. The ultimate goal for such application is to minimize the trade-offs
between performance and cost, and between performance and low power consumption design. This paper
introduces the design of a 2.4GHz class AB power amplifier which consists of two stage amplifiers. This
power amplifier can transmit 10dBm output power to a 50Ω load. The power added efficiency is 7.5% at
1dB compression point and the power gain is 10dB, the total power consumption is 0.135W. The
performance of the power amplifier meets the specification requirements of the desired.
Video streaming over Ad hoc on-demand distance vector routing protocoljournalBEEI
Video streaming is content sent in compressed form over the netwoks and viwed the users progressively. The transmission of video with the end goal that it can be prepared as consistent and nonstop stream. The point is that to give client support to client at anyplace and at whatever time. Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs) are considered an attractive nertwork for information transmission in many applications where the customer programme can begin showing the information before the whole record has been transmitted.
Ad hoc On-demand Distance Vector (AODV) protocol is considered as one of the most important routing protocols in MANET. However, routing protocols assume a crucial part in transmission of information over the network. This paper investigates the performance of AODV Routing Protocol under video traffic over PHY IEEE 802.11g. The protocol model was developed in OPNET. Different outcomes from simulation based models are analyzed and appropriate reasons are also discussed. A different scenarios of video streaming were used. The metric in terms of throughput, end to end delay, packet delivery ratio and routing overhead were measured.
A comparision with GRP and GRP are also reported.
An extensible, programmable, commercial-grade platform for internet service a...Tal Lavian Ph.D.
With their increasingly sophisticated applications, users promote the notion that there is more to a network (be it an intranet, or the Internet) than mere L1-3 connectivity. In what shapes a next generation service contract between users and the network, users want the network to offer services that are as ubiquitous and dependable as dial tones. Typical services include application-aware firewalls, directories, nomadic support, virtualization, load balancing, alternate site failover, etc. To fulfill this vision, a service architecture is needed. That is, an architecture wherein end-to-end services compose, on-demand, across network domains, technologies, and administration boundaries. Such an architecture requires programmable mechanisms and programmable network devices for service enabling, service negotiation, and service management. The bedrock foundation of the architecture, and also the key focus of the paper, is an open-source programmable service platform that is explicitly designed to best exploit commercial-grade network devices. The platform predicates a full separation of concerns, in that control-intensive operations are executed in software, whereas, data-intensive operations are delegated to hardware. This way, the platform is capable of performing wire-speed content filtering, and activating network services according to the state of data and control flows. The paper describes the platform and some distinguishing services realized on the platform.
A novel adaptive schema to facilitates playback switching technique for video...IJECEIAES
The services of the video on demand (VoD) are currently based on the developments of the technology of the digital video and the network’s high speed. The files of the video are retrieved from many viewers according to the permission, which is given by VoD services. The remote VoD servers conduct this access. A server permits the user to choose videos anywhere/ anytime in order to enjoy a unified control of the video playback. In this paper, a novel adaptive method is produced in order to deliver various facilities of the VoD to all devices that are moving within several networks. This process is performed via mobility modules within the produced method since it applies a seamless playback technique for retrieving the facilities of the VoD through environments of heterogeneous networks. The performance of the simulation is tested for checking clients’ movements through different networks with different sizes and speeds, which are buffered in the storage. It is found to be proven from the results that the handoff latency has various types of rapidity. The method applies smooth connections and delivers various facilities of the VoD. Meantime, the mobile device transfers through different networks. This implies that the system transports video segments easily without encountering any notable effects.
Implementation of Monitoring System for Cloud ComputingIJMER
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) is Peer reviewed, online Journal. It serves as an international archival forum of scholarly research related to engineering and science education.
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) covers all the fields of engineering and science: Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Computer Engineering, Agricultural Engineering, Aerospace Engineering, Thermodynamics, Structural Engineering, Control Engineering, Robotics, Mechatronics, Fluid Mechanics, Nanotechnology, Simulators, Web-based Learning, Remote Laboratories, Engineering Design Methods, Education Research, Students' Satisfaction and Motivation, Global Projects, and Assessment…. And many more.
Education set for collecting and visualizing data using sensor system based ...IJMER
This article presents the issues of the wireless sensor measuring systems design which might
be used in education process of computer science faculty. The work shows the integration of a simple
measuring system, data management system, visual system and the hardware. Education set is designed
to consolidate knowledge in many fields of computer science and the interdependence between them, as
programming techniques, database, Web server, communications protocols, software and hardware.
Presented measuring sensor system consists of a number of measurement nodes, whose role is to
provide information about certain desirable characteristics, warning against natural hazards or
violation of the physical safety. An important part of the sensor system is a measuring subsystem and
the collecting measurement data subsystem. The article presents the temperature measurement sensor
system concepts and measurement data storage and visualization methods
A Novel Approach for User Search Results Using Feedback SessionsIJMER
In present scenario user search results using Fuzzy c-means algorithm focuses queries are
submitted to search engines to represent the information needs of users. The proposed feedbacks
sessions are clustered by data are bound to each cluster by means of a membership function. Feedback
sessions are constructed from user click-through logs and can efficiently reflect the information
needs of users. Pseudo-documents are generated to better understand the clustered feedbacks. Fuzzy
C-means clustering algorithm is used to cluster the feedbacks. Clustering the feedbacks can effectively
reflect the user needs. Fuzzy c-means algorithm uses the reciprocal of distances to decide the cluster
centers. Ranking model is used to provide ranks to the URL based on the user search
feedbacks. Evaluate the performance using “Classified Average Precision (CAP)” for user search
results.
Modeling Of a Bucket Air Cooler by Using Solar EnergyIJMER
In a conventional energy sources day to day decreasing in their energy levels. Going green
and conservation as much energy as possible has become the focal point in their eyes of the world.
There are many sources of energy available to us that will conserve our natural resources and decrease
on harmful emissions that are destroying our environment. Many energy sources available in world like
hydro electrical, thermal, mechanical, solar, tidal, bio gas, wave, wind, geothermal, ocean thermal
energy. Many incentives are now available to individuals and industries who implement the use of this
ecofriendly environment through in this direction we are selected solar energy is main sources.
Our design and construction of a bucket air cooler by using solar energy is new alternative to
conventional energy sources. We set out to create an air cooler that does not create any harmful
emissions in environment and provide no pollution in the surrounding. The solar power as the main
energy sources to help in the project work. It is providing to cooling the enclosed space and also
measured the temperature levels of before and after in absorbed enclosed space
WAP, HTTP and HTML5 Web Socket Architecture Analysis in Contemporary Mobile A...Editor IJCATR
Accessing current and accurate information anywhere and at anytime is becoming a growing interest nowadays. Wireless
Application Protocol (WAP) is an application protocol that creates an opportunity to access information of any interest from WAP
servers using mobile phones. WAP is an enabling technology based on the Internet client server architecture model, for developing
client application for handheld devices or other wireless terminal which usually have less powerful CPU’s, less memory, very
restricted power consumption, smaller and variant displays, phone keypads etc. This paper analyses the features of WAP in relation to
the well established HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) technology, the web socket API innovations introduced in HTML5, the
recent improvements in mobile devices processing capacity by connecting to cloud services and how application can be developed on
them using modern tools. The features that are more adapted to client development of micro-devices are used for the technology
application test.
WAP, HTTP and HTML5 Web Socket Architecture Analysis in Contemporary Mobile A...Editor IJCATR
Accessing current and accurate information anywhere and at anytime is becoming a growing interest nowadays. Wireless
Application Protocol (WAP) is an application protocol that creates an opportunity to access information of any interest from WAP
servers using mobile phones. WAP is an enabling technology based on the Internet client server architecture model, for developing
client application for handheld devices or other wireless terminal which usually have less powerful CPU’s, less memory, very
restricted power consumption, smaller and variant displays, phone keypads etc. This paper analyses the features of WAP in relation to
the well established HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) technology, the web socket API innovations introduced in HTML5, the
recent improvements in mobile devices processing capacity by connecting to cloud services and how application can be developed on
them using modern tools. The features that are more adapted to client development of micro-devices are used for the technology
application test.
WAP, HTTP and HTML5 Web Socket Architecture Analysis in Contemporary Mobile A...Editor IJCATR
Accessing current and accurate information anywhere and at anytime is becoming a growing interest nowadays. Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) is an application protocol that creates an opportunity to access information of any interest from WAP servers using mobile phones. WAP is an enabling technology based on the Internet client server architecture model, for developing client application for handheld devices or other wireless terminal which usually have less powerful CPU’s, less memory, very restricted power consumption, smaller and variant displays, phone keypads etc. This paper analyses the features of WAP in relation to the well established HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) technology, the web socket API innovations introduced in HTML5, the recent improvements in mobile devices processing capacity by connecting to cloud services and how application can be developed on them using modern tools. The features that are more adapted to client development of micro-devices are used for the technology application test.
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) is Peer reviewed, online Journal. It serves as an international archival forum of scholarly research related to engineering and science education.
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) covers all the fields of engineering and science: Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Computer Engineering, Agricultural Engineering, Aerospace Engineering, Thermodynamics, Structural Engineering, Control Engineering, Robotics, Mechatronics, Fluid Mechanics, Nanotechnology, Simulators, Web-based Learning, Remote Laboratories, Engineering Design Methods, Education Research, Students' Satisfaction and Motivation, Global Projects, and Assessment…. And many more.
WAP- Wireless Application Protocol
by
Team 11 Presenters:
Suma Pramod Connie Barbosa
Niti Pandey Patrick Cunning
Olga Pavlenko
This ppt contains the topic like,,
WAP Introduction,
WAP architecture requirements,
Architecture overview,
World-wide web model,
WAP model,
Components of WAP architecture,
Sample Configuration of WAP technology,
Usage, Advantages & Disadvantages of WAP,
Wireless Application Protocol (WAP),
Wireless Markup Language (WML),
Generating WML with XSLT,
WAP Emulator.
UNIT V APPLICATION LAYER
WAP Model- Mobile Location based services -WAP Gateway –WAP protocols – WAP user agent profile- caching model-wireless bearers for WAP - WML – WMLScripts – WTA - iMode- SyncML
A Study on Translucent Concrete Product and Its Properties by Using Optical F...IJMER
- Translucent concrete is a concrete based material with light-transferring properties,
obtained due to embedded light optical elements like Optical fibers used in concrete. Light is conducted
through the concrete from one end to the other. This results into a certain light pattern on the other
surface, depending on the fiber structure. Optical fibers transmit light so effectively that there is
virtually no loss of light conducted through the fibers. This paper deals with the modeling of such
translucent or transparent concrete blocks and panel and their usage and also the advantages it brings
in the field. The main purpose is to use sunlight as a light source to reduce the power consumption of
illumination and to use the optical fiber to sense the stress of structures and also use this concrete as an
architectural purpose of the building
Developing Cost Effective Automation for Cotton Seed DelintingIJMER
A low cost automation system for removal of lint from cottonseed is to be designed and
developed. The setup consists of stainless steel drum with stirrer in which cottonseeds having lint is mixed
with concentrated sulphuric acid. So lint will get burn. This lint free cottonseed treated with lime water to
neutralize acidic nature. After water washing this cottonseeds are used for agriculter purpose
Study & Testing Of Bio-Composite Material Based On Munja FibreIJMER
The incorporation of natural fibres such as munja fiber composites has gained
increasing applications both in many areas of Engineering and Technology. The aim of this study is to
evaluate mechanical properties such as flexural and tensile properties of reinforced epoxy composites.
This is mainly due to their applicable benefits as they are light weight and offer low cost compared to
synthetic fibre composites. Munja fibres recently have been a substitute material in many weight-critical
applications in areas such as aerospace, automotive and other high demanding industrial sectors. In
this study, natural munja fibre composites and munja/fibreglass hybrid composites were fabricated by a
combination of hand lay-up and cold-press methods. A new variety in munja fibre is the present work
the main aim of the work is to extract the neat fibre and is characterized for its flexural characteristics.
The composites are fabricated by reinforcing untreated and treated fibre and are tested for their
mechanical, properties strictly as per ASTM procedures.
Hybrid Engine (Stirling Engine + IC Engine + Electric Motor)IJMER
Hybrid engine is a combination of Stirling engine, IC engine and Electric motor. All these 3 are
connected together to a single shaft. The power source of the Stirling engine will be a Solar Panel. The aim of
this is to run the automobile using a Hybrid engine
Fabrication & Characterization of Bio Composite Materials Based On Sunnhemp F...IJMER
The present day technology demands eco-friendly developments. In this era the
composite material are playing a vital roal in different field of Engineering .The composite materials
are using as a principle materials. Nowaday the composite materials are utilizing as a important
component of engineering field .Where as the importance of the applications of composites is well
known, but thrust on the use of natural fibres in it for reinforcement has been given priority for some
times. But changing from synthetic fibres to natural fibres provides only half green-composites. A
partial green composite will be achieved if the matrix component is also eco-friendly. Keeping this in
view, a detailed literature surveyed has been carried out through various issues of the Journals
related to this field. The material systems used are sunnhemp fibres. Some epoxy and hardener has
been also added for stability and drying of the bio-composites. Various graphs and bar-charts are
super-imposed on each other for comparison among themselves and Graphs is plotted on MAT LAB
and ORIGIN 6.0 software. To determining tensile strengths, Various properties for different biocomposites
have been compared among themselves. Comparison of the behaviour of bio-composites of
this work has been also compare with other works. The bio-composites developed in this work are
likely to get applications in fall ceilings, partitions, bio-degradable packagings, automotive interiors,
sports things (e.g. rackets, nets, etc.), toys etc.
Geochemistry and Genesis of Kammatturu Iron Ores of Devagiri Formation, Sandu...IJMER
The Greenstone belts of Karnataka are enriched in BIFs in Dharwar craton, where Iron
formations are confined to the basin shelf, clearly separated from the deeper-water iron formation that
accumulated at the basin margin and flanking the marine basin. Geochemical data procured in terms of
major, trace and REE are plotted in various diagrams to interpret the genesis of BIFs. Al2O3, Fe2O3 (T),
TiO2, CaO, and SiO2 abundances and ratios show a wide variation. Ni, Co, Zr, Sc, V, Rb, Sr, U, Th,
ΣREE, La, Ce and Eu anomalies and their binary relationships indicate that wherever the terrigenous
component has increased, the concentration of elements of felsic such as Zr and Hf has gone up. Elevated
concentrations of Ni, Co and Sc are contributed by chlorite and other components characteristic of basic
volcanic debris. The data suggest that these formations were generated by chemical and clastic
sedimentary processes on a shallow shelf. During transgression, chemical precipitation took place at the
sediment-water interface, whereas at the time of regression. Iron ore formed with sedimentary structures
and textures in Kammatturu area, in a setting where the water column was oxygenated.
Experimental Investigation on Characteristic Study of the Carbon Steel C45 in...IJMER
In this paper, the mechanical characteristics of C45 medium carbon steel are investigated
under various working conditions. The main characteristic to be studied on this paper is impact toughness
of the material with different configurations and the experiment were carried out on charpy impact testing
equipment. This study reveals the ability of the material to absorb energy up to failure for various
specimen configurations under different heat treated conditions and the corresponding results were
compared with the analysis outcome
Non linear analysis of Robot Gun Support Structure using Equivalent Dynamic A...IJMER
Robot guns are being increasingly employed in automotive manufacturing to replace
risky jobs and also to increase productivity. Using a single robot for a single operation proves to be
expensive. Hence for cost optimization, multiple guns are mounted on a single robot and multiple
operations are performed. Robot Gun structure is an efficient way in which multiple welds can be done
simultaneously. However mounting several weld guns on a single structure induces a variety of
dynamic loads, especially during movement of the robot arm as it maneuvers to reach the weld
locations. The primary idea employed in this paper, is to model those dynamic loads as equivalent G
force loads in FEA. This approach will be on the conservative side, and will be saving time and
subsequently cost efficient. The approach of the paper is towards creating a standard operating
procedure when it comes to analysis of such structures, with emphasis on deploying various technical
aspects of FEA such as Non Linear Geometry, Multipoint Constraint Contact Algorithm, Multizone
meshing .
Static Analysis of Go-Kart Chassis by Analytical and Solid Works SimulationIJMER
This paper aims to do modelling, simulation and performing the static analysis of a go
kart chassis consisting of Circular beams. Modelling, simulations and analysis are performed using 3-D
modelling software i.e. Solid Works and ANSYS according to the rulebook provided by Indian Society of
New Era Engineers (ISNEE) for National Go Kart Championship (NGKC-14).The maximum deflection is
determined by performing static analysis. Computed results are then compared to analytical calculation,
where it is found that the location of maximum deflection agrees well with theoretical approximation but
varies on magnitude aspect.
In récent year various vehicle introduced in market but due to limitation in
carbon émission and BS Séries limitd speed availability vehicle in the market and causing of
environnent pollution over few year There is need to decrease dependancy on fuel vehicle.
bicycle is to be modified for optional in the future To implement new technique using change in
pedal assembly and variable speed gearbox such as planetary gear optimise speed of vehicle
with variable speed ratio.To increase the efficiency of bicycle for confortable drive and to
reduce torque appli éd on bicycle. we introduced epicyclic gear box in which transmission done
throgh Chain Drive (i.e. Sprocket )to rear wheel with help of Epicyclical gear Box to give
number of différent Speed during driving.To reduce torque requirent in the cycle with change in
the pedal mechanism
Integration of Struts & Spring & Hibernate for Enterprise ApplicationsIJMER
The proposal of this paper is to present Spring Framework which is widely used in
developing enterprise applications. Considering the current state where applications are developed using
the EJB model, Spring Framework assert that ordinary java beans(POJO) can be utilize with minimal
modifications. This modular framework can be used to develop the application faster and can reduce
complexity. This paper will highlight the design overview of Spring Framework along with its features that
have made the framework useful. The integration of multiple frameworks for an E-commerce system has
also been addressed in this paper. This paper also proposes structure for a website based on integration of
Spring, Hibernate and Struts Framework.
Microcontroller Based Automatic Sprinkler Irrigation SystemIJMER
Microcontroller based Automatic Sprinkler System is a new concept of using
intelligence power of embedded technology in the sprinkler irrigation work. Designed system replaces
the conventional manual work involved in sprinkler irrigation to automatic process. Using this system a
farmer is protected against adverse inhuman weather conditions, tedious work of changing over of
sprinkler water pipe lines & risk of accident due to high pressure in the water pipe line. Overall
sprinkler irrigation work is transformed in to a comfortableautomatic work. This system provides
flexibility & accuracy in respect of time set for the operation of a sprinkler water pipe lines. In present
work the author has designed and developed an automatic sprinkler irrigation system which is
controlled and monitored by a microcontroller interfaced with solenoid valves.
On some locally closed sets and spaces in Ideal Topological SpacesIJMER
In this paper we introduce and characterize some new generalized locally closed sets
known as
δ
ˆ
s-locally closed sets and spaces are known as
δ
ˆ
s-normal space and
δ
ˆ
s-connected space and
discussed some of their properties
Intrusion Detection and Forensics based on decision tree and Association rule...IJMER
This paper present an approach based on the combination of, two techniques using
decision tree and Association rule mining for Probe attack detection. This approach proves to be
better than the traditional approach of generating rules for fuzzy expert system by clustering methods.
Association rule mining for selecting the best attributes together and decision tree for identifying the
best parameters together to create the rules for fuzzy expert system. After that rules for fuzzy expert
system are generated using association rule mining and decision trees. Decision trees is generated for
dataset and to find the basic parameters for creating the membership functions of fuzzy inference
system. Membership functions are generated for the probe attack. Based on these rules we have
created the fuzzy inference system that is used as an input to neuro-fuzzy system. Fuzzy inference
system is loaded to neuro-fuzzy toolbox as an input and the final ANFIS structure is generated for
outcome of neuro-fuzzy approach. The experiments and evaluations of the proposed method were
done with NSL-KDD intrusion detection dataset. As the experimental results, the proposed approach
based on the combination of, two techniques using decision tree and Association rule mining
efficiently detected probe attacks. Experimental results shows better results for detecting intrusions as
compared to others existing methods
Natural Language Ambiguity and its Effect on Machine LearningIJMER
"Natural language processing" here refers to the use and ability of systems to process
sentences in a natural language such as English, rather than in a specialized artificial computer
language such as C++. The systems of real interest here are digital computers of the type we think of as
personal computers and mainframes. Of course humans can process natural languages, but for us the
question is whether digital computers can or ever will process natural languages. We have tried to
explore in depth and break down the types of ambiguities persistent throughout the natural languages
and provide an answer to the question “How it affects the machine translation process and thereby
machine learning as whole?” .
Today in era of software industry there is no perfect software framework available for
analysis and software development. Currently there are enormous number of software development
process exists which can be implemented to stabilize the process of developing a software system. But no
perfect system is recognized till yet which can help software developers for opting of best software
development process. This paper present the framework of skillful system combined with Likert scale. With
the help of Likert scale we define a rule based model and delegate some mass score to every process and
develop one tool name as MuxSet which will help the software developers to select an appropriate
development process that may enhance the probability of system success.
Material Parameter and Effect of Thermal Load on Functionally Graded CylindersIJMER
The present study investigates the creep in a thick-walled composite cylinders made
up of aluminum/aluminum alloy matrix and reinforced with silicon carbide particles. The distribution
of SiCp is assumed to be either uniform or decreasing linearly from the inner to the outer radius of
the cylinder. The creep behavior of the cylinder has been described by threshold stress based creep
law with a stress exponent of 5. The composite cylinders are subjected to internal pressure which is
applied gradually and steady state condition of stress is assumed. The creep parameters required to
be used in creep law, are extracted by conducting regression analysis on the available experimental
results. The mathematical models have been developed to describe steady state creep in the composite
cylinder by using von-Mises criterion. Regression analysis is used to obtain the creep parameters
required in the study. The basic equilibrium equation of the cylinder and other constitutive equations
have been solved to obtain creep stresses in the cylinder. The effect of varying particle size, particle
content and temperature on the stresses in the composite cylinder has been analyzed. The study
revealed that the stress distributions in the cylinder do not vary significantly for various combinations
of particle size, particle content and operating temperature except for slight variation observed for
varying particle content. Functionally Graded Materials (FGMs) emerged and led to the development
of superior heat resistant materials.
Energy Audit is the systematic process for finding out the energy conservation
opportunities in industrial processes. The project carried out studies on various energy conservation
measures application in areas like lighting, motors, compressors, transformer, ventilation system etc.
In this investigation, studied the technical aspects of the various measures along with its cost benefit
analysis.
Investigation found that major areas of energy conservation are-
1. Energy efficient lighting schemes.
2. Use of electronic ballast instead of copper ballast.
3. Use of wind ventilators for ventilation.
4. Use of VFD for compressor.
5. Transparent roofing sheets to reduce energy consumption.
So Energy Audit is the only perfect & analyzed way of meeting the Industrial Energy Conservation.
An Implementation of I2C Slave Interface using Verilog HDLIJMER
The focus of this paper is on implementation of Inter Integrated Circuit (I2C) protocol
following slave module for no data loss. In this paper, the principle and the operation of I2C bus protocol
will be introduced. It follows the I2C specification to provide device addressing, read/write operation and
an acknowledgement. The programmable nature of device provide users with the flexibility of configuring
the I2C slave device to any legal slave address to avoid the slave address collision on an I2C bus with
multiple slave devices. This paper demonstrates how I2C Master controller transmits and receives data to
and from the Slave with proper synchronization.
The module is designed in Verilog and simulated in ModelSim. The design is also synthesized in Xilinx
XST 14.1. This module acts as a slave for the microprocessor which can be customized for no data loss.
Discrete Model of Two Predators competing for One PreyIJMER
This paper investigates the dynamical behavior of a discrete model of one prey two
predator systems. The equilibrium points and their stability are analyzed. Time series plots are obtained
for different sets of parameter values. Also bifurcation diagrams are plotted to show dynamical behavior
of the system in selected range of growth parameter
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
NO1 Uk best vashikaran specialist in delhi vashikaran baba near me online vas...Amil Baba Dawood bangali
Contact with Dawood Bhai Just call on +92322-6382012 and we'll help you. We'll solve all your problems within 12 to 24 hours and with 101% guarantee and with astrology systematic. If you want to take any personal or professional advice then also you can call us on +92322-6382012 , ONLINE LOVE PROBLEM & Other all types of Daily Life Problem's.Then CALL or WHATSAPP us on +92322-6382012 and Get all these problems solutions here by Amil Baba DAWOOD BANGALI
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Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Student information management system project report ii.pdf
A Unique Application to Reserve Doctor Appointment by Using Wireless Application Protocol (WAP)
1. International
OPEN ACCESS Journal
Of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER)
| IJMER | ISSN: 2249–6645 | www.ijmer.com | Vol. 4 | Iss. 2 | Feb. 2014 | 134 |
A Unique Application to Reserve Doctor Appointment by Using
Wireless Application Protocol (WAP)
Adnan Affandi¹, Othman Abdullah saleh Al-Rusaini2
, Mubashshir Husain3
1
Professor, Dept.,of Elect.& Comp. Eng., Faculty of Eng. King Abdul Aziz University Jeddah, KSA
2
MS (Student), Dept.,of Elect.& Comp. Eng., Faculty of Eng. King Abdul Aziz University Jeddah, KSA
3
Lecturer, Dept., of Elect. & Comp. Eng., Faculty of Eng. King Abdul Aziz University Jeddah, KSA
I. Introduction
Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) is a result of continuous work to define an industry-wide
specification for developing applications that operate over wireless communication networks. The scope for the
WAP Forum is to define a set of specifications to be used by service applications. WAP was developed by the
WAP Forum as a standardized specification for technologies that operate over wireless networks. It is seen as an
attempt to define the standard for how content from the Internet is filtered for wireless communications, thus
bridging the gap between the mobile world and the Internet. The basic aim of WAP is to provide users with a
web-like experience but over a handheld device rather than a PC, whilst accessing the content is readily
available on the Internet. Most of the successful interactive services available on the Internet can be envisaged
in a WAP environment too.
WAP is more than just a protocol specification, it also incorporates its own language called WML or
Wireless Markup Language. WML is designed for low-power, resource-constrained devices. Developers
starting to use WAP and WML to extend their Internet services quickly discover that wireless handheld devices
differ significantly from the ordinary computer and must learn new ways of presenting information where the
target medium is mobile devices. WAP is the set of rules governing the transmission and reception of data by
computer applications on, or via, wireless devices like mobile phones. WAP is a standardized technology for
cross-platform, distributed computing, very similar to the Internet’s combination of Hypertext Markup
Language (HTML) and Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP).[1]
A. The Architecture and Workings of WAP
When people think of networks, they always think of the World-Wide-Web and the Internet.
Generally people have a basic understanding of it, i.e. a two-tier architecture comprising clients (browsers) and
servers which host the pages that are viewed (or the applications that produce pages on-the-fly). Well, WAP is
essentially the same. The clients are now the wireless handheld devices and the servers are still hosting the
pages (and applications). The main difference between a WAP network and the Internet is the interconnecting of
the wireless network to the wired network, the basic view of the WAP network is shown in Figure 1.
Abstract: WAP is a standardized technology for cross-platform, distributed computing, very similar to
the Internet’s combination of Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) and Hypertext Transfer Protocol
(HTTP). WAP could be described as a set of protocols that has inherited its characteristics and
functionality from Internet standards and from standards developed for wireless services by some of the
world’s leading companies in the business of wireless telecommunications. This application will help
patients, the normal doctor and the medical director. The patient can reserve an appointment. The
normal doctor can view and print the lists of patient appointment under his responsibility. The medical
director can add new departments, add new doctors, and also can change the password to access the
database. He can also modify data and working schedules of doctors assigned. He can add new patients
and can have privilege access to transfer any patient appointment to another doctor. This Application
which has been developed by using WAP was the first of its kind here, where software has been
developed.
Keywords: WAP, WML etc.
2. A Unique Application to Reserve Doctor Appointment by Using Wireless Application Protocol (WAP)
| IJMER | ISSN: 2249–6645 | www.ijmer.com | Vol. 4 | Iss. 2 | Feb. 2014 | 135 |
Figure 1: Basic View of the WAP Network
B. WAP standard
As much as possible, WAP uses existing Internet standards for the basis of its own architecture and is
designed to allow standard Internet servers to provide services to wireless devices. However, Internet standards
such as HTML, HTTP, TLS, and TCP, which require large amounts of mainly text-based data to be sent, are
inefficient over wireless networks. So Internet standards such as HTML, HTTP, TCP, and TLS are not
appropriate for the restrictions associated with wireless networks.
WAP does, however, use many other Internet standards such as eXtensible Markup Language (XML),
User Datagram Protocol (UDP), and Internet Protocol (IP) to communicate with wireless devices. So WAP is
based on familiar standards such as HTTP and TLS, but has been optimized for the constraints of the wireless
environment. For example, a WAP gateway is required to communicate with other Internet nodes using HTTP,
and the WAP specification requires devices to use standard URL addressing to request services.
So WAP has been optimized with the restrictions of the wireless environment in mind. It is designed
for low bandwidth and long latency, and uses binary transmission for greater compression of data. WAP
sessions deal with intermittent coverage and operate using IP over a large variety of wireless transports
whenever possible.
It is important that WAP standards complement existing standards. For example, instead of the WAP
specification designating how data is transmitted over the air interface, it is designed to sit on top of existing
standards so that the bearer’s standard is used with the WAP protocol.
The WAP Forum works closely with the World Wide Web Consortium and other bodies such as the
European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI), the Cellular Telecommunications Industry
Association (CTIA), and the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) to ensure that the future versions of
HTML, HTTP, and TCP take the special needs of wireless devices into account and can be supported in the
WAP framework. The WAP Forum also works closely with these bodies and others as they become members of
the Forum.
When the WAP Forum identifies a new area of technology with no existing standards specification, it
works to submit its specification to related standards groups, believing that active participation leads to the best
standards. With this approach, the WAP Forum hopes to produce open, not proprietary, standards through
industry consensus and with no one vendor receiving favorable treatment.[2][3]
C. WAP Architecture
WAP architecture was designed to provide a scalable and extensible environment for application and
content development. This is achieved through layered design of the entire protocol stack with many of the
protocols used analogous to those used in existing Internet technology, but optimised for the constraints
imposed by narrowband handheld devices and wireless networks, as shown in Figure 2. Each of these protocols
for WAP 1.X and WAP 2.0 (WAP versions presented in section 3.8) will be discussed in turn.
WAP Gateway
On-the-fly
language
conversion
Web
Server
(WML)
Web Server
(HTML)
WAP
Device
Internet
Wireless Network
WML over
HTTP
HTML over
HTTP
WTP
3. A Unique Application to Reserve Doctor Appointment by Using Wireless Application Protocol (WAP)
| IJMER | ISSN: 2249–6645 | www.ijmer.com | Vol. 4 | Iss. 2 | Feb. 2014 | 136 |
Figure 2: The WAP Protocol Stack for WAP 1.X and WAP 2.0
II. Developing a WAP Application
A. Defining a template
<wml>
<template>
<do type="goBack" name="goBack" label="Back">
<prev/>
</do>
</template>
<card id="init" newcontext="true">
</card>
</wml>
The snippet of WML results in the Back option being displayed on each card in the deck. It uses the
<do> element to associate the label Back with the <prev> task.Whenever the user selects the Back option as
shown in Figure 3, the microbrowser will navigate to the previous card:
Figure 3: Back option
B. Defining a Card
<wml>
<card id="init" newcontext="true">
<p align="center">
<b>Portfolio Service</b><br/>
</p>
</card>
</wml>
This code snippet just shows a simple WML card. It includes some formatting elements to influence
how the text is laid out by the microbrowser. The card is shown in Figure 4:
4. A Unique Application to Reserve Doctor Appointment by Using Wireless Application Protocol (WAP)
| IJMER | ISSN: 2249–6645 | www.ijmer.com | Vol. 4 | Iss. 2 | Feb. 2014 | 137 |
Figure 4: Defining a card
C. Using anchors
<wml>
<card id="MainMenu" title="Main Menu">
<p>
<anchor>1. Market Indices
<go href="#MarketIndices"/>
</anchor><br/>
<anchor>2. Portfolio Valuation
<go href="#PortfolioValuation"/>
</anchor><br/>
<anchor>3. Current Fund Prices
<go href="#CurrentFundPrices"/>
</anchor><br/>
<anchor>4. Buy/Sell
<go href="#BuySell"/>
</anchor><br/>
</p>
</card>
</wml>
Anchors are used to link to other cards, as shown in the code snippet above and the screen shot here.
Each anchor element is bound to a <go> task that references another card in the deck as shown in Figure 5
Figure 5: Using anchors
D. Using input fields
<wml>
<card id="Login" title="Client Login">
<p>
Please enter:<br/>
Account No
<input type="text" name="txtAccountNo"/><br/>
Security Code
<input type=”password" name="txtSecurityCode"/><br/>
</p>
<do type="goMainMenu" label="Main Menu">
<go href="#MainMenu"/>
</do>
</card>
</wml>
5. A Unique Application to Reserve Doctor Appointment by Using Wireless Application Protocol (WAP)
| IJMER | ISSN: 2249–6645 | www.ijmer.com | Vol. 4 | Iss. 2 | Feb. 2014 | 138 |
Input fields are used to allow the user to enter data. The code snippet above creates two input fields,
one of which takes some text, the other of which takes a password. The password will be obscured by asterisks
as it is rendered on the screen as shown in Figure 4.5. The card is also bound to a <go> task, which links it to the
main menu, by a <do> element.
Figure 6: Using input fields
E. Using tables and graphics
<wml>
<card id="init" newcontext="true">
<p align="center">
<table columns="1">
<tr><td>
<img src="abcbank.gif" alt="ABC Bank"/><br/>
</td></tr>
</table>
<b>Portfolio Service</b><br/>
</p>
<do type="goLogin" label="Login">
<go href="#Login"/>
</do>
</card>
</wml>
A table containing one column is created using the <table> element. The <p> element is used to align
the table in the center of the screen.Within the table a <tr> element creates a single row that contains a single
cell, created by the <td> element. Inside the cell the <img> element creates a link to an image, with some
alternate text associated with it for use in the event that the image cannot be displayed. A <do> element binds
the card to a <go> task that links to the login card within the deck, that shown in Figure 7.
Figure 7: Using tables and graphics
This application is designed to help the patients, the normal doctor and the medical director .The
patient can reserve an appointment date with the doctor. The doctor can view and print the lists of patient
appointment under his responsibility. The medical director can add new departments, add new doctors, and also
can change the password to access the database. He can also add/modify data and working schedules of doctors
assigned. He can add new patients and can have privilege access to transfer any patient appointment to another
doctor.
6. A Unique Application to Reserve Doctor Appointment by Using Wireless Application Protocol (WAP)
| IJMER | ISSN: 2249–6645 | www.ijmer.com | Vol. 4 | Iss. 2 | Feb. 2014 | 139 |
III. Results & Discussion
A. APPLICATION PAGES
The application home page can be seen in fig.8. The home page contains several links like new request,
Inquiries about request, doctors, etc. Doctor can enter into login page by clicking on link “Doctors”. On login
page they have to enter user name and password. After clicking on enter button , doctor can enter into another
page named “Doctors Menu”, where he can see his name , patients name report link and option for changing
password. He can anytime reach to home page by clicking on home page link. By clicking on “Patients Names
Report” , he can come to new page containing information about patients. That page containing patients names ,
date & time of appointment.
Figure 8 : The application home page
By clicking on “New Request” link, patient enters into another page . On this page patient can select
clinic , Doctor , date,etc. “New Request” page cab be seen in fig 9.
Figure 9: “New appointment request” page
After filling all the information in “ New Request “ page and pressing enter , the patient will move into new
page containing booking informations like patient name , clinic , appointment date , appointment time,
appointment day,etc. Patient can print this page and can be used as appointment slip.Confrmed appointment
page can be seen in fig.10
Figure 10: “Confirmed appointment” page
Through this application medical director has authority to access Doctors data, clinic data , doctors
unavailable dates , doctors’s patient transfer, patient data ,etc. By clicking on link “Doctors and clinic data” ,
medical director can modify clinics data and also modify doctors data like shifts working time,etc. By clicking
on link “ Doctor’s patients transfer” , director can transfer patient to another doctor of same speciality.Medical
director menu page can be seen in fig.11.
7. A Unique Application to Reserve Doctor Appointment by Using Wireless Application Protocol (WAP)
| IJMER | ISSN: 2249–6645 | www.ijmer.com | Vol. 4 | Iss. 2 | Feb. 2014 | 140 |
Figure 11: “Medical director menu” page
IV. Conclusion
In this paper, a Reserve Doctor Appointment Application using WAP has been developed. The WAP
successfully protocol is designed using the best of the existing protocol and then was optimized to suite the
wireless end-client. It was also found that WAP uses less than half the number of packets that the standard
HTTP/TCP/IP stack uses to deliver the same content. This improvement is essential for the end-user to
experience an acceptable transfer rate of data. To further enhance the browsing experience of HTML web pages
through a thin mobile client a network element was added – the WAP gateway. Through the gateway
infrastructure deployed in mobile operator's network it enables low capacity wireless devices to access web
servers of the Internet. Indeed, the use of the gateway and compression in the network interface reduces the
processing load at the handheld device so that an inexpensive CPU can be used and helps reducing power
consumption and extends battery life. Hence, the gateway has increased the functionality in the communication
subsystem, making the wireless clients much less flexible but making it possible to pleasantly view html content
of the web on the run.
Acknowledgment
This article was funded by Deanship of Scientific Research (DSR), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah. The
authors, therefore, acknowledge with thanks DSR technical and financial support.
REFERENCES
[1] Adnan Affandi1, Abdullah Dobaie2, Mubashshir Husain3, “WAP- Mobile Personal Assistant Application” ,
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER), ISSN: 2249-6645 Vol. 3, Issue. 4, Jul - Aug.
2013 pp-2048-2055
[2] Stuckmann, P. and Hoymann, C., “Performance Evaluation of WAP-based Applications over GPRS”, IEEE, pp.
3356, 2002.
[3] Leavitt, N., “Will WAP Deliver the Wireless Internet?”, IEEE Computer, pp. 16-20, May 2000.