the presentation is all about Delhi air pollution
it include:
1. history of pollution
2. causes
3. some of the numerical example to show pollution situation initiative taken by the government to control the measures
the presentation is all about Delhi air pollution
it include:
1. history of pollution
2. causes
3. some of the numerical example to show pollution situation initiative taken by the government to control the measures
This powerpoint presentation covers the Air Pollution, its causes , effects, mitigation measures, etc.
It also contains the Delhi Smog and its cause and steps taken to ensure better air quality
Education System in Pakistan, Developing Quality Assurance Model in Govt. Schools, Govt Schools in Pakistan, Education in Pakistan; The key issues, problems and the new challenges
it is attractive and it is for your education. I have used many attractive animations and it has good amount of study material.
The aim of this ppt is to give you more information about pollution, images are also added to make it more attractive
According to UNESCO, Cuba is the only country in Latin America and the Caribbean to achieve all the measurable objectives of education. This is the conclusion the Global Monitoring Report on Education for All in 2015, UNESCO (UNESCO). The document is based on the framework of action proposed in 2000 at the World Education Forum in Dakar when governments from 164 countries committed themselves to goals as early childhood care, universal primary education, adult literacy and parity and gender equality. Only half of the countries in the world and Latin America achieved the goal of universal access to primary education. In Cuba, it is noble to be a teacher. In Cuba teachers are valued unlike Brazil. Cuban teachers earn salaries similar to those of doctors. It should be noted that Cuba is also a place where those who have good grades will have access to education regardless of origin or family income. But how do the comparison of Cuba with other countries if it does not have international indicators? Today, it is not possible to know whether a university in Cuba is better or worse than a Brazilian institution, the US or even China because Cuba does not participate in international databases and not of university rankings.
Acid rain or Acid deposition penetrates deeply into the sensitive fabric of ecosystem, thereby changing the chemistry of air, water, and soil and has huge impact
This powerpoint presentation covers the Air Pollution, its causes , effects, mitigation measures, etc.
It also contains the Delhi Smog and its cause and steps taken to ensure better air quality
Education System in Pakistan, Developing Quality Assurance Model in Govt. Schools, Govt Schools in Pakistan, Education in Pakistan; The key issues, problems and the new challenges
it is attractive and it is for your education. I have used many attractive animations and it has good amount of study material.
The aim of this ppt is to give you more information about pollution, images are also added to make it more attractive
According to UNESCO, Cuba is the only country in Latin America and the Caribbean to achieve all the measurable objectives of education. This is the conclusion the Global Monitoring Report on Education for All in 2015, UNESCO (UNESCO). The document is based on the framework of action proposed in 2000 at the World Education Forum in Dakar when governments from 164 countries committed themselves to goals as early childhood care, universal primary education, adult literacy and parity and gender equality. Only half of the countries in the world and Latin America achieved the goal of universal access to primary education. In Cuba, it is noble to be a teacher. In Cuba teachers are valued unlike Brazil. Cuban teachers earn salaries similar to those of doctors. It should be noted that Cuba is also a place where those who have good grades will have access to education regardless of origin or family income. But how do the comparison of Cuba with other countries if it does not have international indicators? Today, it is not possible to know whether a university in Cuba is better or worse than a Brazilian institution, the US or even China because Cuba does not participate in international databases and not of university rankings.
Acid rain or Acid deposition penetrates deeply into the sensitive fabric of ecosystem, thereby changing the chemistry of air, water, and soil and has huge impact
Tell-n-Sell is a unique concept that can help you to promote your business through Free Savannah Classified Ads. Classified Ads across a wide range of categories can be posted including Savannah Job Classifieds and Savannah used cars.
Tell n sell_free_issue_june_11_to_june_17_2015nelsonprada123
Tell-n-Sell is a unique concept that can help you to promote your business through Free Savannah Classified Ads. Classified Ads across a wide range of categories can be posted including Savannah Job Classifieds and Savannah used cars.
Tell-n-Sell is a unique concept that can help you to promote your business through Free Savannah Classified Ads. Classified Ads across a wide range of categories can be posted including Savannah Job Classifieds and Savannah used cars.
Tell-N-Sell is the first free classified paper from the Coastal Empire, serving more than 27 counties in Georgia and South Carolina.
http://www.tell-n-sell.com/
Tell-n-sell january 28 to 04 february free issue.nelsonprada123
Tell-n-Sell is a unique concept that can help you to promote your business through Free Savannah Classified Ads. Classified Ads across a wide range of categories can be posted including Savannah Job Classifieds and Savannah used cars.
Tell n sell-free_issue_may 28_to_jun 3_2015nelsonprada123
More than 4,000 private classifieds each week. Post free ads and search millions of Savannah, Southeast Georgia Free Classified Ads, GA classified ads for Used cars, appliance, automobiles, jobs, real estate, pets, sports goods and more through tell-n-sell
This slides includes all the topics about the ozone layer, ozone depletion, causes and effects. the significant of ozone layer.
This slide emphasize the purpose of ozone layer in our daily living.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
1. Ozone layer and its depletion
What is Ozone Layer?
Ozone layer is a deep layer in earth’s atmosphere that contain ozone which is a naturally
occurring molecule containing three oxygen atoms. These ozone molecules form a
gaseous layer in the Earth’s upper atmosphere called stratosphere. This lower region of
stratosphere containing relatively higher concentration of ozone is called Ozonosphere.
The ozonosphere is found 15-35 km (9 to 22 miles) above the surface of the earth. The
average concentration of ozone in the atmosphere is around 0.6 parts per million. The
thickness of the ozone layer differs as per season and geography. The highest
concentrations of ozone occur at altitudes from 26 to 28 km (16 to 17 miles) in the tropics
and from 12 to 20 km (7 to 12 miles) towards the poles.
The ozone layer forms a thick layer in stratosphere, encircling the earth, that has large
amount of ozone in it. It protects our planet i.e. Earth from the harmful radiations that
comes from the sun. The ozone layer was discovered in 1913 by the French physicists
Charles Fabry and Henri Buisson. The ozone layer has the capability to absorb almost 97-
99% of the harmful ultraviolet radiations that sun emit and which can produce long term
devastating effects on humans beings as well as plants and animals.
Fig:ozone
layer
Why ozone layer is necessary?
An essential property of ozone molecule is its ability to block solar radiations of
wavelengths less than 290 nanometers from reaching Earth’s surface. In this process, it
also absorbs ultraviolet radiations that are dangerous for most living beings. UV radiation
could injure or kill life on Earth. Though the absorption of UV radiations warms the
stratosphere but it is important for life to flourish on planet Earth. Research scientists
have anticipated disruption of susceptible terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems due to
depletion of ozone layer.
Ultraviolet radiation could destroy the organic matter. Plants and plankton cannot thrive,
both acts as food for land and sea animals, respectively. For humans, excessive exposure
2. to ultraviolet radiation leads to higher risks of cancer (especially skin cancer) and
cataracts. It is calculated that every 1 percent decrease in ozone layer results in a 2-5
percent increase in the occurrence of skin cancer. Other ill-effects of the reduction of
protective ozone layer include – increase in the incidence of cataracts, sunburns and
suppression of the immune system.
3. Depletion of ozone layer:
The depletion of the ozone layer is a phenomena that was observed during the later part
of the 70s and has since then showed a declining rate of 4% per decade and there is a
remarkable decrease over the polar regions of the Earth. The main reason for the
destruction of the ozone is by man-made halocarbon refrigerants such as CFCs, halons
and freons that are released into the atmosphere and are known as ‘ozone depleting
substances’ or ODS. These harmful substances strike the ozone and thin it apart Earth is
letting pass many harmful ultraviolet rays which cause many health hazards like cancer
planktron and cataracts. Therefore many governments have banned products that produce
ODS.
The ozone layer is our warrior against the might Sun that is bombarding earth with
harmful UV radiation and we are trying our best to protect it. Ozone is basically a gas
also referred to as O3 which is formed and reformed constantly in our Earth’s
atmosphere. If it were not for the ozone layer, our Earth would be barren with slight
traces of life. It is also being said that the southern hemisphere of the Earth could have an
additional 20% depletion of the ozone that could result in natural calamities like
tornadoes, avalanches, fires, tsunamis etc.
4. Causes of Ozone Depletion:
Scientific evidence indicates that stratospheric ozone is being destroyed by a group of
manufactured chemicals, containing chlorine and/or bromine. These chemicals are called
"ozone-depleting substances" (ODS).
ODS are very stable, nontoxic and environmentally safe in the lower atmosphere, which
is why they became so popular in the first place. However, their very stability allows
them to float up, intact, to the stratosphere. Once there, they are broken apart by the
intense ultraviolet light, releasing chlorine and bromine. Chlorine and bromine demolish
ozone at an alarming rate, by stripping an atom from the ozone molecule. A single
molecule of chlorine can break apart thousands of molecules of ozone.
What's more, ODS have a long lifetime in our atmosphere — up to several centuries. This
means most of the ODS we've released over the last 80 years are still making their way to
the stratosphere, where they will add to the ozone destruction.
The main ODS are chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), hydrochlorofluorcarbons (HCFCs),
carbon tetrachloride and methyl chloroform. Halons (brominated fluorocarbons) also play
5. a large role. Their application is quite limited: they're used in specialized fire
extinguishers. But the problem with halons is they can destroy up to 10 times as much
ozone as CFCs can. For this reason, halons are the most serious ozone-depleting group of
chemicals emitted in British Columbia.
Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) are being developed to replace CFCs and HCFCs, for uses
such as vehicle air conditioning. HFCs do not deplete ozone, but they are strong
greenhouse gases. CFCs are even more powerful contributors to global climate change,
though, so HFCs are still the better option until even safer substitutes are discovered.
The Main Ozone-Depleting Substances (ODS) :
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
o The most widely used ODS, accounting for over 80% of total stratospheric
ozone depletion.
o Used as coolants in refrigerators, freezers and air conditioners in buildings
and cars manufactured before 1995.
o Found in industrial solvents, dry-cleaning agents and hospital sterilants.
o Also used in foam products — such as soft-foam padding (e.g. cushions
and mattresses) and rigid foam (e.g. home insulation).
Halons
o Used in some fire extinguishers, in cases where materials and equipment
would be destroyed by water or other fire extinguisher chemicals. In B.C.,
halons cause greater damage to the ozone layer than do CFCs from
automobile air conditioners.
Methyl Chloroform
o Used mainly in industry — for vapour degreasing, some aerosols, cold
cleaning, adhesives and chemical processing.
Carbon Tetrachloride
o Used in solvents and some fire extinguishers.
Hydrofluorocarbons (HCFCs)
o HCFCs have become major, “transitional” substitutes for CFCs. They are
much less harmful to stratospheric ozone than CFCs are. But HCFCs they
still cause some ozone destruction and are potent greenhouse gases.
6. The ways to prevent ozone layer depletion
There are several ways by which depletion of ozone layer can be prevented.
1. Limit private vehicle driving
A very easy way to control ozone depletion would be to limit or reduce the amount of
driving as vehicular emissions eventually result in smog which is a culprit in the
deterioration of the ozone layer. Car pooling, taking public transport, walking, using a
bicycle would limit the usage of individual transportation. It would be a great option to
switch to cars/vehicles that have a hybrid or electric zero-emission engine.
2. Use eco-friendly household cleaning products
Usage of eco-friendly and natural cleaning products for household chores is a great way
to prevent ozone depletion. This is because many of these cleaning agents contain toxic
chemicals that interfere with the ozone layer. A lot of supermarkets and health stores sell
cleaning products that are toxic-free and made out of natural ingredients.
3. Avoid using pesticides
Pesticides may be an easy solution for getting rid of weed, but are harmful for the ozone
layer. The best solution for this would be to try using natural remedies, rather than
heading out for pesticides. You can perhaps try to weed manually or mow your garden
consistently so as to avoid weed-growth.
4. Developing stringent regulations for rocket launches
The world is progressing in scientific discoveries by leaps and bounds. A lot of rocket
launches are happening the world over without consideration of the fact that it can
damage the ozone layer if it is not regulated soon. A study shows that the harm caused by
rocket launches would outpace the harm caused due to CFCs. At present, the global
rocket launches do not contribute hugely to ozone layer depletion, but over the course of
time, due to the advancement of the space industry, it will become a major contributor to
ozone depletion. All types of rocket engines result in combustion by products that are
ozone-destroying compounds that are expelled directly in the middle and upper
stratosphere layer – near the ozone layer.
5. Banning the use of dangerous nitrous oxide
Due to the worldwide alarm caused by a study in the late 70s about the alarming rate at
which the ozone was being depleted, nations around the globe got together and formed
7. the Montreal Protocol in the year 1989 with a strong aim to stop the usage of CFCs.
However, the protocol did not include nitrous oxide which is the most fatal chemical that
can destroy the ozone layer and is still in use. Governments across the world should take
a strong stand for banning the use of this harmful compound to save the ozone layer.