Otomycosis
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Otomycosis is a fungal infection of the ear that causes symptoms like itching, pain, and hearing problems. It is more common in warm, tropical areas and among people who swim frequently or have diabetes. The infection is caused by fungi like Aspergillus and Candida growing in the moist, warm environment of the ear. Treatment involves cleaning the infected ear and using antifungal ear drops or oral medication. Prevention includes avoiding getting water in the ears while swimming and drying ears after showers or baths.
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otomycosis.pptx
Otomycosis is a fungal infection of the ear canal that is common in hot, humid climates. It causes intense itching, ear discomfort and pain, watery discharge with a musty odor, and ear blockage. On examination with an otoscope, doctors see fungal masses in the ear canal that are white, brown, or black in color, depending on the type of fungus present. Treatment involves cleaning the infected ear with suction and irrigation, followed by application of antifungal medications like nystatin, clotrimazole, or povidone iodine.
NASAL POLYPS
Nasal polyps are non-cancerous masses of swollen nasal or sinus mucosa. There are two main types: bilateral ethmoidal polyps and antrochoanal polyps. Bilateral ethmoidal polyps commonly arise from inflammatory conditions like rhinosinusitis or disorders of ciliary motility. Antrochoanal polyps originate from the maxillary sinus near its opening and grow into the nasal cavity and nasopharynx. Symptoms include nasal obstruction, loss of smell, headache and discharge. Signs include pale grape-like masses seen on nasal examination. Treatment involves polypectomy or endoscopic sinus surgery. Recurrence is less common for antrochoanal polyps if completely removed from their
Otomycosis
Otomycosis, or fungal ear infection, accounts for 10% of ear infections and is more common in hot, humid climates or after prolonged antibiotic use. It presents with debris-filled discharge resembling wet newspaper and sometimes visible fungal hyphae. Treatment involves removing debris from the ear and using topical antifungal drops. For resistant cases, checking for fungal infections elsewhere and potentially using systemic antifungals is recommended due to the risk of recurrence from untreated primary infections.
Ear discharge
This document discusses different types of ear discharge including wax, pus, mucus, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid. It notes that ear discharge can be caused by conditions like otitis externa, otitis media, otomycosis, and trauma. Signs and symptoms of ear discharge include ear pain, swollen ear, itchy ear, vertigo, and tinnitus. The color and consistency of the discharge provides clues to the underlying cause, with purulent discharge indicating infection, mucoid discharge a perforated eardrum, and bloody or clear fluid potential trauma or skull base surgery.
Otitis externa
This document discusses various conditions affecting the external ear canal, including:
- Otitis externa (swimmer's ear), which can range from mild to severe bacterial infections. Pseudomonas and Staph are common causes. Treatment involves cleaning, topical antibiotics, and pain control.
- Otomycosis is a fungal infection of the ear canal most often caused by Aspergillus or Candida. Symptoms are similar to bacterial otitis but with more pruritus. Treatment involves thorough cleaning and topical antifungals.
- Necrotizing external otitis is a potentially lethal Pseudomonas infection seen in diabetics and immunocompromised patients.
Adenoids
Adenoids are masses of lymphatic tissue located in the nasopharynx that can become enlarged. Symptoms of enlarged adenoids include nasal obstruction, mouth breathing, and ear infections. Adenoidectomy is the surgical removal of the adenoids and indications include recurrent infections and airway obstruction. The procedure involves using curettes or microdebriders to gently remove the adenoids under anesthesia. Post-operative care focuses on pain management, antibiotics, and monitoring for potential complications like bleeding or injury.
Acute Suppurative Otitis Media
This document discusses acute suppurative otitis media (ASOM), an inflammation of the middle ear caused by bacterial infection. It is common among children and infants of lower socioeconomic status following upper respiratory viral infections. The bacteria that commonly cause ASOM include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis. The disease progresses through tubal occlusion, presuppurative, suppurative, and resolution stages associated with specific symptoms and signs. Complications can include mastoiditis if the infection spreads. Treatment involves antibiotics, analgesics, myringotomy if the eardrum bulges, and mastoidectomy for severe cases.
History taking in a case of CSOM with central perforation
This document presents the case history of a patient with chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) with central perforation of the tympanic membrane. The patient is a [age]-year old [male/female] who presented with a 2-year history of right ear discharge, 1-year history of hearing difficulty, 6-month history of tinnitus, and 1-week history of fever. On examination, the patient was found to have a central perforation of the right tympanic membrane with purulent discharge and moderate conductive hearing loss, but no signs of mastoiditis or facial nerve palsy. The provisional diagnosis was CSOM with central perforation.
Recommended
otomycosis.pptx
Otomycosis is a fungal infection of the ear canal that is common in hot, humid climates. It causes intense itching, ear discomfort and pain, watery discharge with a musty odor, and ear blockage. On examination with an otoscope, doctors see fungal masses in the ear canal that are white, brown, or black in color, depending on the type of fungus present. Treatment involves cleaning the infected ear with suction and irrigation, followed by application of antifungal medications like nystatin, clotrimazole, or povidone iodine.
NASAL POLYPS
Nasal polyps are non-cancerous masses of swollen nasal or sinus mucosa. There are two main types: bilateral ethmoidal polyps and antrochoanal polyps. Bilateral ethmoidal polyps commonly arise from inflammatory conditions like rhinosinusitis or disorders of ciliary motility. Antrochoanal polyps originate from the maxillary sinus near its opening and grow into the nasal cavity and nasopharynx. Symptoms include nasal obstruction, loss of smell, headache and discharge. Signs include pale grape-like masses seen on nasal examination. Treatment involves polypectomy or endoscopic sinus surgery. Recurrence is less common for antrochoanal polyps if completely removed from their
Otomycosis
Otomycosis, or fungal ear infection, accounts for 10% of ear infections and is more common in hot, humid climates or after prolonged antibiotic use. It presents with debris-filled discharge resembling wet newspaper and sometimes visible fungal hyphae. Treatment involves removing debris from the ear and using topical antifungal drops. For resistant cases, checking for fungal infections elsewhere and potentially using systemic antifungals is recommended due to the risk of recurrence from untreated primary infections.
Ear discharge
This document discusses different types of ear discharge including wax, pus, mucus, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid. It notes that ear discharge can be caused by conditions like otitis externa, otitis media, otomycosis, and trauma. Signs and symptoms of ear discharge include ear pain, swollen ear, itchy ear, vertigo, and tinnitus. The color and consistency of the discharge provides clues to the underlying cause, with purulent discharge indicating infection, mucoid discharge a perforated eardrum, and bloody or clear fluid potential trauma or skull base surgery.
Otitis externa
This document discusses various conditions affecting the external ear canal, including:
- Otitis externa (swimmer's ear), which can range from mild to severe bacterial infections. Pseudomonas and Staph are common causes. Treatment involves cleaning, topical antibiotics, and pain control.
- Otomycosis is a fungal infection of the ear canal most often caused by Aspergillus or Candida. Symptoms are similar to bacterial otitis but with more pruritus. Treatment involves thorough cleaning and topical antifungals.
- Necrotizing external otitis is a potentially lethal Pseudomonas infection seen in diabetics and immunocompromised patients.
Adenoids
Adenoids are masses of lymphatic tissue located in the nasopharynx that can become enlarged. Symptoms of enlarged adenoids include nasal obstruction, mouth breathing, and ear infections. Adenoidectomy is the surgical removal of the adenoids and indications include recurrent infections and airway obstruction. The procedure involves using curettes or microdebriders to gently remove the adenoids under anesthesia. Post-operative care focuses on pain management, antibiotics, and monitoring for potential complications like bleeding or injury.
Acute Suppurative Otitis Media
This document discusses acute suppurative otitis media (ASOM), an inflammation of the middle ear caused by bacterial infection. It is common among children and infants of lower socioeconomic status following upper respiratory viral infections. The bacteria that commonly cause ASOM include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis. The disease progresses through tubal occlusion, presuppurative, suppurative, and resolution stages associated with specific symptoms and signs. Complications can include mastoiditis if the infection spreads. Treatment involves antibiotics, analgesics, myringotomy if the eardrum bulges, and mastoidectomy for severe cases.
History taking in a case of CSOM with central perforation
This document presents the case history of a patient with chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) with central perforation of the tympanic membrane. The patient is a [age]-year old [male/female] who presented with a 2-year history of right ear discharge, 1-year history of hearing difficulty, 6-month history of tinnitus, and 1-week history of fever. On examination, the patient was found to have a central perforation of the right tympanic membrane with purulent discharge and moderate conductive hearing loss, but no signs of mastoiditis or facial nerve palsy. The provisional diagnosis was CSOM with central perforation.
Csom, cholesteatoma
This document discusses chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM), which is a long-standing middle ear infection characterized by ear discharge and a permanent perforation of the eardrum. It describes the two main types of CSOM - tubotympanic and atticoantral - and covers their etiology, pathology, clinical features, investigations, treatment, and complications. Cholesteatoma, a growth of skin cells in the middle ear, is also discussed in detail including its origin, classification, expansion and bone destruction potential, and role in increasing risk of complications from middle ear infections.
Nasal polyps
Nasal polyps can be either antrochoanal polyps, typically seen in children, or ethmoid polyps, more common in adults. Antrochoanal polyps originate in the maxillary sinus and extend backwards towards the nasopharynx, while ethmoid polyps originate in the ethmoid sinuses and grow forwards, often bilaterally. Treatment involves surgical removal of antrochoanal polyps and may require postoperative antibiotics to prevent recurrence, whereas ethmoid polyps are usually first treated medically with steroids and antihistamines and only require surgery if medical treatment fails or for large polyps.
Acute and chronic rhinitis
This document summarizes different types of rhinitis including viral, bacterial, allergic, vasomotor, and chronic non-specific inflammations. Common cold is usually viral in origin while diphtheritic rhinitis involves a membrane covering the nasal cavity. Allergic rhinitis is an immunologic response to allergens. Vasomotor rhinitis is due to overactivity of the parasympathetic nervous system. Chronic non-specific rhinitis can lead to hypertrophy or atrophy of the nasal mucosa over time if left untreated.
Acute otitis media
This document discusses acute otitis media (AOM), an inflammation of the middle ear. It notes that AOM commonly affects young children and is usually caused by bacteria spreading from the nose and throat via the Eustachian tube. The document outlines the typical stages of AOM from initial tube blockage to potential complications if left untreated. It recommends initial treatment with antibiotics, pain medication, and ear drops followed by myringotomy if symptoms persist to drain fluid and release pressure on the eardrum. Underlying conditions like chronic rhinitis or adenoiditis can predispose children to recurrent AOM.
Acute mastoiditis lecture
Acute mastoiditis is an inflammation of the mucosal lining of the mastoid air cells caused by bacteria or viruses. It presents with earache, fever, and ear discharge. On examination, the mastoid area is tender and the posterior meatal wall may be sagging. Complications can include abscesses, meningitis, or thrombophlebitis if left untreated. Treatment involves antibiotics and sometimes myringotomy or cortical mastoidectomy surgery.
ACUTE SINUSITIS
This document discusses acute sinusitis, providing details on the types and causes. It begins by explaining that the maxillary sinus is most commonly infected, followed by the ethmoid, frontal and sphenoid sinuses. Acute sinusitis is usually caused by viral infections that are later invaded by bacteria like streptococcus pneumoniae. Each type of acute sinusitis is then described in more detail, outlining signs and symptoms, treatments, and potential complications for maxillary, frontal, ethmoid and sphenoid infections.
Chronic suppurative otitis media attico-antral disease (CSOM AA)
Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media with attico-antral disease (CSOM-AAD), also known as COM-Squamous, is a chronic pyogenic ear infection lasting over 3 months with cholesteatoma and granulation tissue in the attic or posterosuperior quadrant of the ear drum. This causes higher risks of bone erosion and complications. Cholesteatoma is a sac lined with keratinizing squamous epithelium that grows by destroying surrounding bone. Surgical treatment via canal wall down procedures like attico-antrostomy or modified/radical mastoidectomy is the mainstay for managing CSOM-AAD and removing cholesteatoma,
Diseases of external ear
This document discusses diseases that can affect the external ear. It begins by describing the anatomy of the external ear. It then discusses various congenital and traumatic conditions that can affect the pinna, including bat ear, preauricular appendages, and haematoma of the auricle. It also covers inflammatory conditions of the pinna like perichondritis. The document further discusses diseases of the external auditory canal, including conditions like otitis externa, otomycosis, and impacted cerumen. Foreign bodies in the ear are also mentioned. Finally, various diseases of the tympanic membrane are briefly outlined.
Chronic suppurative otitis media
Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is a long-standing ear infection characterized by ear discharge and permanent ear drum perforation. It is clinically divided into two main types - tubotympanic and atticoantral. Tubotympanic CSOM involves the lower middle ear and has a low risk of complications, while atticoantral CSOM involves the upper middle ear and carries a higher risk of complications like cholesteatoma due to bone erosion. Surgical treatment is the mainstay for atticoantral CSOM to remove disease while reconstructive surgery can help restore hearing.
Atrophic rhinitis
This document discusses three chronic nasal diseases: atrophic rhinitis, rhinosporidiosis, and rhinoscleroma. Atrophic rhinitis causes nasal atrophy and foul odors. It can be primary from infection or nutritional factors, or secondary from other conditions like sinusitis. Rhinosporidiosis is caused by Rhinosporidium seeberi and presents as red nasal lesions. Rhinoscleroma is caused by Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis and presents in stages from rhinitis to fibrosis, commonly affecting the nose and spreading to other areas. Treatment involves antibiotics, surgery, or other measures depending on the specific condition.
Atrophic Rhinitis
Atrophic rhinitis or rhinitis sicca, clinical features, diagnosis and treatment with recent advances.
CSOM
Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM), also known as tubotympanic disease, is a chronic ear infection limited to the antero-inferior part of the middle ear cavity. It does not cause serious complications as the infection is open at both ends, allowing discharge to flow freely. The most common microorganisms isolated are gram-negative bacilli like Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. Patients experience conductive hearing loss ranging from 30-40dB. Treatment involves aural toileting, topical antibiotics, and occasionally tympanoplasty to reconstruct the ear drum and ossicles. Tympanoplasty uses temporalis fascia grafts underlay or
Acute suppurative otitis media
This document discusses acute suppurative otitis media (ASOM), including its definition, stages, bacteriology, treatment, and potential complications. ASOM is a pyogenic infection of the middle ear cleft lasting less than 3 weeks that is caused most commonly by streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, or moraxella catarrhalis. It progresses through stages of hyperemia, exudation, suppuration, and sometimes coalescent mastoiditis. Treatment involves antibiotics, analgesics, and sometimes myringotomy to drain the ear. Complications can include subperiosteal abscess, vertigo, or mastoiditis if not properly treated.
Fungal sinusitis
This document discusses fungal sinusitis, including its causes, types, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. It notes that fungal sinusitis can occur in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients, and is caused by fungi such as Aspergillus, Mucormycosis, and Candida. There are two main types - invasive fungal sinusitis, which is more serious, and non-invasive forms like allergic fungal sinusitis. Diagnosis involves medical history, symptoms, imaging scans, and identification of fungal elements. Treatment requires surgical removal of infected tissue combined with antifungal medication.
Examination of nose and pns
This document outlines examination techniques and tests for evaluating the nose and sinuses. It describes how to inspect and palpate the nose, perform anterior and posterior rhinoscopy, and examine surrounding structures. It also lists various tests that can be used to diagnose conditions, such as rhinomanometry to measure nasal airflow, imaging tests like x-rays and CT scans, allergy tests, and smell identification tests. The goal of the examination and testing is to evaluate the nose, sinuses and related structures for any abnormalities, infections, masses, or other issues.
Smr and septoplasty
This document describes the indications, techniques, and postoperative care for septoplasty surgery. It indicates that septoplasty is performed to correct a deviated nasal septum causing obstruction or other issues. The key steps described are making an incision, raising mucoperichondrial flaps, removing deviated cartilage and bone, and re-approximating the flaps. Potential complications are also outlined.
Examination of ear
This document provides guidance on performing a thorough examination of the ear, including inspection, palpation, and various tests. It describes how to examine the external ear, ear canal, tympanic membrane, mastoid region, and surrounding areas. Examination findings are outlined for various normal and abnormal conditions. The document also mentions examining related structures like the nose, throat, eyes, respiratory and cardiovascular systems as part of a full ear examination.
Asom
This document discusses acute suppurative otitis media (ASOM), an infection of the middle ear. It begins by defining ASOM and explaining that obstructed Eustachian tubes, respiratory infections, and allergies can lead to bacterial contamination of the middle ear. Common bacteria include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis. ASOM frequently affects children due to anatomical differences in their Eustachian tubes that make contamination more likely. The document then describes the pathophysiology of ASOM using an analogy of a flask and explains the stages of the infection and its potential complications if not treated promptly with antibiotics.
ACUTE SUPPURATIVE OTITIS MEDIA
This document discusses acute suppurative otitis media (ASOM), an acute inflammation of the middle ear caused by pyogenic bacteria. It notes that ASOM is most common in young children, especially during winter months. Common bacteria that cause ASOM include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis. Treatment involves antibiotics, analgesics, ear drainage via myringotomy if needed, and prevention through childhood vaccinations. Complications can include mastoiditis, petrositis, and Gradenigo's syndrome involving pain and eye muscle palsies.
Csom
Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is a long-standing ear infection characterized by persistent ear drainage through a perforated eardrum. It is more common in developing countries and affects all ages. CSOM can be tubotympanic type, confined to the middle ear space, or atticoantral type, involving the mastoid air cells. Atticoantral disease poses greater risks of complications due to bone erosion and possible cholesteatoma formation. Treatment involves topical and oral antibiotics as well as surgical procedures like myringoplasty, tympanoplasty, and ossiculoplasty to repair damaged structures and stop drainage.
Fungal Infection (pharmacology and rehab)
I'll provide a brief overview of fungal infections, covering their causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. If you have specific questions or need more details on any aspect, feel free to ask.
---
**Fungal Infections: Understanding the Basics**
Fungal infections, also known as mycoses, are caused by various types of fungi that can invade the body and lead to a range of health issues. Fungi are organisms similar to plants but lacking chlorophyll, making them unable to produce their own food through photosynthesis. Instead, they obtain nutrients from other organic matter.
**1. Types of Fungi Responsible for Infections:**
Fungal infections can be caused by different types of fungi, including yeasts, molds, and dermatophytes. Common fungal species that cause infections in humans include Candida, Aspergillus, and dermatophytes like Trichophyton.
**2. Causes and Risk Factors:**
Fungal infections can occur when fungi enter the body through various means, such as inhalation, ingestion, or direct contact with the skin. Certain factors increase the risk of fungal infections, including weakened immune systems, underlying health conditions, prolonged use of antibiotics, and environmental exposure.
**3. Common Types of Fungal Infections:**
- **Candidiasis:** A yeast infection caused by Candida species, often affecting areas like the mouth, genital region, and skin folds.
- **Aspergillosis:** Caused by the Aspergillus species, commonly affecting the respiratory system.
- **Ringworm:** A dermatophyte infection that affects the skin, nails, or scalp.
**4. Symptoms and Clinical Presentation:**
Symptoms of fungal infections vary depending on the type and location of the infection. Common signs include itching, redness, swelling, rashes, and in some cases, systemic symptoms like fever and fatigue.
**5. Diagnosis:**
Accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment. Healthcare professionals may use various methods, including laboratory tests, imaging studies, and clinical examination, to identify the type and extent of the fungal infection.
**6. Treatment Options:**
Treatment of fungal infections often involves antifungal medications. These can be topical, oral, or intravenous, depending on the severity and location of the infection. Additionally, addressing underlying health conditions and improving immune function may be crucial for successful treatment.
**7. Prevention Strategies:**
Preventing fungal infections involves adopting good hygiene practices, avoiding contact with contaminated surfaces, and addressing risk factors such as diabetes or immunosuppression. Proper antifungal prophylaxis may be recommended in specific situations.
**8. Emerging Research and Therapies:**
Ongoing research aims to improve our understanding of fungal infections and develop more effective therapies. This includes exploring new antifungal agents, understanding the role of the microbiome, and developing vaccines.
6. otitis externa
This document provides information about otitis externa (OE), including:
1) OE is an inflammation of the external ear canal caused most often by bacterial infection, but sometimes fungi or viruses. Risk factors include water exposure, trauma from cotton swabs, and eczema.
2) Symptoms include ear pain, fullness, discharge, and hearing loss. Examination reveals erythema and tenderness of the ear canal.
3) Treatment involves cleaning the ear canal and using topical antibiotics, corticosteroids, or antifungals depending on the cause. Imaging is not usually needed but may help identify complications like mastoiditis.
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Csom, cholesteatoma
This document discusses chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM), which is a long-standing middle ear infection characterized by ear discharge and a permanent perforation of the eardrum. It describes the two main types of CSOM - tubotympanic and atticoantral - and covers their etiology, pathology, clinical features, investigations, treatment, and complications. Cholesteatoma, a growth of skin cells in the middle ear, is also discussed in detail including its origin, classification, expansion and bone destruction potential, and role in increasing risk of complications from middle ear infections.
Nasal polyps
Nasal polyps can be either antrochoanal polyps, typically seen in children, or ethmoid polyps, more common in adults. Antrochoanal polyps originate in the maxillary sinus and extend backwards towards the nasopharynx, while ethmoid polyps originate in the ethmoid sinuses and grow forwards, often bilaterally. Treatment involves surgical removal of antrochoanal polyps and may require postoperative antibiotics to prevent recurrence, whereas ethmoid polyps are usually first treated medically with steroids and antihistamines and only require surgery if medical treatment fails or for large polyps.
Acute and chronic rhinitis
This document summarizes different types of rhinitis including viral, bacterial, allergic, vasomotor, and chronic non-specific inflammations. Common cold is usually viral in origin while diphtheritic rhinitis involves a membrane covering the nasal cavity. Allergic rhinitis is an immunologic response to allergens. Vasomotor rhinitis is due to overactivity of the parasympathetic nervous system. Chronic non-specific rhinitis can lead to hypertrophy or atrophy of the nasal mucosa over time if left untreated.
Acute otitis media
This document discusses acute otitis media (AOM), an inflammation of the middle ear. It notes that AOM commonly affects young children and is usually caused by bacteria spreading from the nose and throat via the Eustachian tube. The document outlines the typical stages of AOM from initial tube blockage to potential complications if left untreated. It recommends initial treatment with antibiotics, pain medication, and ear drops followed by myringotomy if symptoms persist to drain fluid and release pressure on the eardrum. Underlying conditions like chronic rhinitis or adenoiditis can predispose children to recurrent AOM.
Acute mastoiditis lecture
Acute mastoiditis is an inflammation of the mucosal lining of the mastoid air cells caused by bacteria or viruses. It presents with earache, fever, and ear discharge. On examination, the mastoid area is tender and the posterior meatal wall may be sagging. Complications can include abscesses, meningitis, or thrombophlebitis if left untreated. Treatment involves antibiotics and sometimes myringotomy or cortical mastoidectomy surgery.
ACUTE SINUSITIS
This document discusses acute sinusitis, providing details on the types and causes. It begins by explaining that the maxillary sinus is most commonly infected, followed by the ethmoid, frontal and sphenoid sinuses. Acute sinusitis is usually caused by viral infections that are later invaded by bacteria like streptococcus pneumoniae. Each type of acute sinusitis is then described in more detail, outlining signs and symptoms, treatments, and potential complications for maxillary, frontal, ethmoid and sphenoid infections.
Chronic suppurative otitis media attico-antral disease (CSOM AA)
Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media with attico-antral disease (CSOM-AAD), also known as COM-Squamous, is a chronic pyogenic ear infection lasting over 3 months with cholesteatoma and granulation tissue in the attic or posterosuperior quadrant of the ear drum. This causes higher risks of bone erosion and complications. Cholesteatoma is a sac lined with keratinizing squamous epithelium that grows by destroying surrounding bone. Surgical treatment via canal wall down procedures like attico-antrostomy or modified/radical mastoidectomy is the mainstay for managing CSOM-AAD and removing cholesteatoma,
Diseases of external ear
This document discusses diseases that can affect the external ear. It begins by describing the anatomy of the external ear. It then discusses various congenital and traumatic conditions that can affect the pinna, including bat ear, preauricular appendages, and haematoma of the auricle. It also covers inflammatory conditions of the pinna like perichondritis. The document further discusses diseases of the external auditory canal, including conditions like otitis externa, otomycosis, and impacted cerumen. Foreign bodies in the ear are also mentioned. Finally, various diseases of the tympanic membrane are briefly outlined.
Chronic suppurative otitis media
Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is a long-standing ear infection characterized by ear discharge and permanent ear drum perforation. It is clinically divided into two main types - tubotympanic and atticoantral. Tubotympanic CSOM involves the lower middle ear and has a low risk of complications, while atticoantral CSOM involves the upper middle ear and carries a higher risk of complications like cholesteatoma due to bone erosion. Surgical treatment is the mainstay for atticoantral CSOM to remove disease while reconstructive surgery can help restore hearing.
Atrophic rhinitis
This document discusses three chronic nasal diseases: atrophic rhinitis, rhinosporidiosis, and rhinoscleroma. Atrophic rhinitis causes nasal atrophy and foul odors. It can be primary from infection or nutritional factors, or secondary from other conditions like sinusitis. Rhinosporidiosis is caused by Rhinosporidium seeberi and presents as red nasal lesions. Rhinoscleroma is caused by Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis and presents in stages from rhinitis to fibrosis, commonly affecting the nose and spreading to other areas. Treatment involves antibiotics, surgery, or other measures depending on the specific condition.
Atrophic Rhinitis
Atrophic rhinitis or rhinitis sicca, clinical features, diagnosis and treatment with recent advances.
CSOM
Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM), also known as tubotympanic disease, is a chronic ear infection limited to the antero-inferior part of the middle ear cavity. It does not cause serious complications as the infection is open at both ends, allowing discharge to flow freely. The most common microorganisms isolated are gram-negative bacilli like Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. Patients experience conductive hearing loss ranging from 30-40dB. Treatment involves aural toileting, topical antibiotics, and occasionally tympanoplasty to reconstruct the ear drum and ossicles. Tympanoplasty uses temporalis fascia grafts underlay or
Acute suppurative otitis media
This document discusses acute suppurative otitis media (ASOM), including its definition, stages, bacteriology, treatment, and potential complications. ASOM is a pyogenic infection of the middle ear cleft lasting less than 3 weeks that is caused most commonly by streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, or moraxella catarrhalis. It progresses through stages of hyperemia, exudation, suppuration, and sometimes coalescent mastoiditis. Treatment involves antibiotics, analgesics, and sometimes myringotomy to drain the ear. Complications can include subperiosteal abscess, vertigo, or mastoiditis if not properly treated.
Fungal sinusitis
This document discusses fungal sinusitis, including its causes, types, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. It notes that fungal sinusitis can occur in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients, and is caused by fungi such as Aspergillus, Mucormycosis, and Candida. There are two main types - invasive fungal sinusitis, which is more serious, and non-invasive forms like allergic fungal sinusitis. Diagnosis involves medical history, symptoms, imaging scans, and identification of fungal elements. Treatment requires surgical removal of infected tissue combined with antifungal medication.
Examination of nose and pns
This document outlines examination techniques and tests for evaluating the nose and sinuses. It describes how to inspect and palpate the nose, perform anterior and posterior rhinoscopy, and examine surrounding structures. It also lists various tests that can be used to diagnose conditions, such as rhinomanometry to measure nasal airflow, imaging tests like x-rays and CT scans, allergy tests, and smell identification tests. The goal of the examination and testing is to evaluate the nose, sinuses and related structures for any abnormalities, infections, masses, or other issues.
Smr and septoplasty
This document describes the indications, techniques, and postoperative care for septoplasty surgery. It indicates that septoplasty is performed to correct a deviated nasal septum causing obstruction or other issues. The key steps described are making an incision, raising mucoperichondrial flaps, removing deviated cartilage and bone, and re-approximating the flaps. Potential complications are also outlined.
Examination of ear
This document provides guidance on performing a thorough examination of the ear, including inspection, palpation, and various tests. It describes how to examine the external ear, ear canal, tympanic membrane, mastoid region, and surrounding areas. Examination findings are outlined for various normal and abnormal conditions. The document also mentions examining related structures like the nose, throat, eyes, respiratory and cardiovascular systems as part of a full ear examination.
Asom
This document discusses acute suppurative otitis media (ASOM), an infection of the middle ear. It begins by defining ASOM and explaining that obstructed Eustachian tubes, respiratory infections, and allergies can lead to bacterial contamination of the middle ear. Common bacteria include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis. ASOM frequently affects children due to anatomical differences in their Eustachian tubes that make contamination more likely. The document then describes the pathophysiology of ASOM using an analogy of a flask and explains the stages of the infection and its potential complications if not treated promptly with antibiotics.
ACUTE SUPPURATIVE OTITIS MEDIA
This document discusses acute suppurative otitis media (ASOM), an acute inflammation of the middle ear caused by pyogenic bacteria. It notes that ASOM is most common in young children, especially during winter months. Common bacteria that cause ASOM include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis. Treatment involves antibiotics, analgesics, ear drainage via myringotomy if needed, and prevention through childhood vaccinations. Complications can include mastoiditis, petrositis, and Gradenigo's syndrome involving pain and eye muscle palsies.
Csom
Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is a long-standing ear infection characterized by persistent ear drainage through a perforated eardrum. It is more common in developing countries and affects all ages. CSOM can be tubotympanic type, confined to the middle ear space, or atticoantral type, involving the mastoid air cells. Atticoantral disease poses greater risks of complications due to bone erosion and possible cholesteatoma formation. Treatment involves topical and oral antibiotics as well as surgical procedures like myringoplasty, tympanoplasty, and ossiculoplasty to repair damaged structures and stop drainage.
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Chronic suppurative otitis media attico-antral disease (CSOM AA)
Chronic suppurative otitis media attico-antral disease (CSOM AA)
Similar to Otomycosis
Fungal Infection (pharmacology and rehab)
I'll provide a brief overview of fungal infections, covering their causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. If you have specific questions or need more details on any aspect, feel free to ask.
---
**Fungal Infections: Understanding the Basics**
Fungal infections, also known as mycoses, are caused by various types of fungi that can invade the body and lead to a range of health issues. Fungi are organisms similar to plants but lacking chlorophyll, making them unable to produce their own food through photosynthesis. Instead, they obtain nutrients from other organic matter.
**1. Types of Fungi Responsible for Infections:**
Fungal infections can be caused by different types of fungi, including yeasts, molds, and dermatophytes. Common fungal species that cause infections in humans include Candida, Aspergillus, and dermatophytes like Trichophyton.
**2. Causes and Risk Factors:**
Fungal infections can occur when fungi enter the body through various means, such as inhalation, ingestion, or direct contact with the skin. Certain factors increase the risk of fungal infections, including weakened immune systems, underlying health conditions, prolonged use of antibiotics, and environmental exposure.
**3. Common Types of Fungal Infections:**
- **Candidiasis:** A yeast infection caused by Candida species, often affecting areas like the mouth, genital region, and skin folds.
- **Aspergillosis:** Caused by the Aspergillus species, commonly affecting the respiratory system.
- **Ringworm:** A dermatophyte infection that affects the skin, nails, or scalp.
**4. Symptoms and Clinical Presentation:**
Symptoms of fungal infections vary depending on the type and location of the infection. Common signs include itching, redness, swelling, rashes, and in some cases, systemic symptoms like fever and fatigue.
**5. Diagnosis:**
Accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment. Healthcare professionals may use various methods, including laboratory tests, imaging studies, and clinical examination, to identify the type and extent of the fungal infection.
**6. Treatment Options:**
Treatment of fungal infections often involves antifungal medications. These can be topical, oral, or intravenous, depending on the severity and location of the infection. Additionally, addressing underlying health conditions and improving immune function may be crucial for successful treatment.
**7. Prevention Strategies:**
Preventing fungal infections involves adopting good hygiene practices, avoiding contact with contaminated surfaces, and addressing risk factors such as diabetes or immunosuppression. Proper antifungal prophylaxis may be recommended in specific situations.
**8. Emerging Research and Therapies:**
Ongoing research aims to improve our understanding of fungal infections and develop more effective therapies. This includes exploring new antifungal agents, understanding the role of the microbiome, and developing vaccines.
6. otitis externa
This document provides information about otitis externa (OE), including:
1) OE is an inflammation of the external ear canal caused most often by bacterial infection, but sometimes fungi or viruses. Risk factors include water exposure, trauma from cotton swabs, and eczema.
2) Symptoms include ear pain, fullness, discharge, and hearing loss. Examination reveals erythema and tenderness of the ear canal.
3) Treatment involves cleaning the ear canal and using topical antibiotics, corticosteroids, or antifungals depending on the cause. Imaging is not usually needed but may help identify complications like mastoiditis.
Otitis external presentation notes for medical students
Here is a labeled diagram of the human ear:
[DIAGRAM OF HUMAN EAR]
The major parts labeled are:
- Pinna (outer ear): The visible part of the ear that collects and directs sound waves into the ear canal.
- Ear canal: Carries sound waves from the outer ear to the eardrum.
- Eardrum (tympanic membrane): Separates the outer ear from the middle ear. Vibrates in response to sound waves.
- Ossicles (malleus, incus, stapes): Three tiny bones that transmit vibrations from the eardrum to the inner ear.
- Cochlea: Spiral
Otitis externa
Otitis externa, also known as swimmer's ear, is an infection of the outer ear canal caused by bacteria or fungi. It commonly affects children ages 7-12 and the elderly. Symptoms include ear pain, itching, discharge and temporary hearing loss. Diagnosis is made through physical exam, microscopy and culture of discharge. Treatment focuses on removing debris, using antibiotic/antifungal ear drops, and dry ear precautions to prevent recurrence, especially in high-risk groups like diabetics who are prone to the more serious malignant otitis externa infection.
ethinitis OM VERMA.pdf
Ethinitis, or inflammation of the ethmoid sinuses, is caused by infections, allergies, or structural issues like polyps or a deviated septum. Symptoms include headaches, nasal discharge, facial pain or pressure, and eye issues. Diagnosis involves nasal endoscopy. Treatment involves medications like anti-inflammatories, antibiotics, nasal irrigation, and surgery if needed. Complications can include infections spreading to nearby areas like the eye socket. Preventing sinus infections and keeping nasal passages clear can help prevent ethinitis.
ethinitis OM VERMA.pdf
Ethinitis, or inflammation of the ethmoid sinuses, is caused by infections, allergies, or structural issues like polyps or a deviated septum. Common symptoms include headaches, nasal discharge, facial pain or pressure, and eye issues. Diagnosis involves nasal endoscopy. Treatment involves medications like anti-inflammatories, antibiotics, nasal irrigation, and surgery if needed. Complications can include infections spreading to nearby areas like the eye socket. Preventing sinus infections and keeping nasal passages clear can help prevent ethinitis.
Integumentary disorders 3
Impetigo is a common bacterial skin infection in children that causes red sores that can break open and ooze fluid. It is often caused by Streptococcus pyogenes or Staphylococcus aureus bacteria entering through broken skin. Symptoms include itchy red sores that form crusty yellow patches. Treatment involves topical or oral antibiotics. Folliculitis is another bacterial skin infection affecting hair follicles, typically caused by Staph. aureus, that causes inflamed pus-filled lesions. Boils (furuncles) and carbuncles are deep skin abscesses linked to Staph. aureus infection of hair follicles that require antibiotics. Burns are classified by depth of skin damage from superficial to full
ear disorders
This document discusses various ear disorders including infections of the external ear like otitis externa. It describes the anatomy of the ear and the causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic otitis externa. It also covers otitis media, explaining the types like acute suppurative, non-suppurative and chronic suppurative otitis media. The causes, symptoms, investigations and management of different types of otitis media are outlined. Complications of chronic suppurative otitis media and differences between tubotympanic and atticoantral diseases are summarized as well. The pathology of otosclerosis is also briefly explained.
EAR DISORDERS PPTX.pptx
The document summarizes ear disorders including external ear infections, middle ear infections, chronic suppurative otitis media, otosclerosis, and their causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. For external ear infections, it describes different types like acute diffuse otitis externa and fungal otitis externa. It outlines the anatomy of the ear and discusses acute and chronic middle ear infections. Chronic suppurative otitis media is divided into tubotympanic and atticoantral types. Otosclerosis involves abnormal bone growth affecting the middle ear bones.
Otitis externa on human ear Pathophysiology
A brief explanation on the most common pathology affecting the ear on daily clinical practice
Which is an otitis externa
Onychomycosis tim -
This document provides an overview of onychomycosis (fungal nail infection). It begins with the anatomy of the nail and then discusses the epidemiology, etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations and classification of onychomycosis. Some key points include:
- Trichophyton rubrum and T. mentagrophytes cause approximately 90% of cases.
- Risk factors include diabetes, tight shoes, aging, immunosuppression, and communal bathing.
- Common types are distal lateral subungual onychomycosis, proximal subungual onychomycosis, and superficial white onychomycosis.
- A study in Ethiop
EAR INFECTIONS-1.ppt
This document discusses different types of ear infections, including otitis externa (infection of the external ear canal), otitis media (infection of the middle ear), and mastoiditis (infection of the mastoid bone behind the ear). It describes the anatomy of the ear canal and risk factors for ear infections like age and environment. Common bacteria that cause ear infections are Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis. Symptoms, treatment, and diagnostic testing for each type of ear infection are provided.
Antifungals
The document provides information on fungal infections of the skin and antifungals. It discusses the basics of skin anatomy and types of fungal infections including athlete's foot, ringworm, and jock itch. It describes the symptoms, causes, and transmission of these infections. The document outlines classes of antifungals including azoles, allylamines, and polyenes. It explains their mechanisms of action and discusses comparative studies showing terbinafine to be more effective than clotrimazole or ketoconazole for treating fungal infections.
Diseases of external ear 1
This document summarizes various diseases of the external ear, including congenital conditions, infections, and other abnormalities. It describes conditions such as Darwin's tubercle, Wildermuth's ear, Mozart's ear, microtia, macrotia, bat ears, lop ear, cup ear, accessory auricles, preauricular sinus, hematoma auris, perichondritis, furunculosis, otitis externa, otitis media, granular myringitis, bullous myringitis, necrotizing otitis externa, and malignant otitis externa. For each condition, it provides details on causes, signs, symptoms, pathology,
Emerging Diseases and Re-emerging Diseases.pptx
This document discusses emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases including their causes, symptoms, and methods of prevention. It covers Leptospirosis, Meningococcemia, AH1N1 Influenza, Hand Foot and Mouth Disease, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, Chikungunya, Avian Influenza, and COVID-19. The key points are that emerging diseases are newly identified while re-emerging diseases were previously controlled but have increased again, and prevention focuses on avoiding infected individuals and maintaining clean environments and healthy habits.
Fungi: Yeast, Filamentous and Dimorphic
Fungi are eukaryotic microorganisms which are heterotrophic and essentially aerobic with limited anaerobic capabilities. Fungi synthesize lysine by the L-αadipic acid biosynthetic pathway. They possess chitinous cell walls, plasma membranes containing ergosterol, 80SrRNA and microtubules composed of tubulin. Fungi grow as yeasts, molds (filamentous) or a combination of both (i.e. dimorphism).
Otitis Media (common)
otitis media is the inflammation of the ear drum or tympanic membrane this topic include its definition , etiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestation, diagnosis and its treatment which can be used by nursing students for taking care of the patient suffering from otitis media and for learning for their examination and knowledge purpose
and care of the child with acute otitis media and chronic otitis media and make their family aware about the complication of the otitis media like hearing loss meningitis
Fungal infections
1. Fungal infections of the skin, hair and nails are caused by dermatophyte fungi of three genera - Trichophyton, Microsporum, and Epidermophyton.
2. Common fungal infections include athlete's foot, nail fungus, ringworm of the groin/body, and ringworm of the scalp.
3. Symptoms vary by type of infection but often include scaling, itching, and rashes. Diagnosis involves microscopic examination of skin/nail samples and cultures.
4. Treatment involves topical antifungal creams/ointments for minor infections and oral antifungals like terbinafine, itraconazole
ENT13 - Sinusitis.ppt
This document summarizes nasal allergies and sinusitis. It describes the symptoms and causes of seasonal and perennial nasal allergies. Common allergens include pollen, mold, dust, and mites. Nasal polyps can develop from chronic allergies and cause nasal obstruction. Sinusitis is inflammation of the sinus cavities and can be acute (less than 3 months) or chronic. Acute sinusitis is usually caused by viral or bacterial infections. Chronic sinusitis causes long-term symptoms and may require surgery.
disease of external ear.pptx
The document discusses diseases of the external ear. It begins with anatomy and physiology of the external ear. It then discusses classifications of external ear diseases including congenital, inflammatory/infectious, reactive, trauma, and tumors. Specific conditions are then discussed in more detail such as preauricular sinus, otitis externa, furunculosis, malignant otitis externa, perichondritis, relapsing polychondritis, herpes zoster oticus, bullous myringitis, granular myringitis, eczema, and auricular hematoma. For each condition, symptoms, signs, causative organisms, diagnosis, and treatment approaches are outlined.
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Otitis external presentation notes for medical students
Otitis external presentation notes for medical students
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Applied Science: Thermodynamics, Laws & Methodology.pdf
When I was asked to give a companion lecture in support of ‘The Philosophy of Science’ (https://shorturl.at/4pUXz) I decided not to walk through the detail of the many methodologies in order of use. Instead, I chose to employ a long standing, and ongoing, scientific development as an exemplar. And so, I chose the ever evolving story of Thermodynamics as a scientific investigation at its best.
Conducted over a period of >200 years, Thermodynamics R&D, and application, benefitted from the highest levels of professionalism, collaboration, and technical thoroughness. New layers of application, methodology, and practice were made possible by the progressive advance of technology. In turn, this has seen measurement and modelling accuracy continually improved at a micro and macro level.
Perhaps most importantly, Thermodynamics rapidly became a primary tool in the advance of applied science/engineering/technology, spanning micro-tech, to aerospace and cosmology. I can think of no better a story to illustrate the breadth of scientific methodologies and applications at their best.
The use of Nauplii and metanauplii artemia in aquaculture (brine shrimp).pptx
Although Artemia has been known to man for centuries, its use as a food for the culture of larval organisms apparently began only in the 1930s, when several investigators found that it made an excellent food for newly hatched fish larvae (Litvinenko et al., 2023). As aquaculture developed in the 1960s and ‘70s, the use of Artemia also became more widespread, due both to its convenience and to its nutritional value for larval organisms (Arenas-Pardo et al., 2024). The fact that Artemia dormant cysts can be stored for long periods in cans, and then used as an off-the-shelf food requiring only 24 h of incubation makes them the most convenient, least labor-intensive, live food available for aquaculture (Sorgeloos & Roubach, 2021). The nutritional value of Artemia, especially for marine organisms, is not constant, but varies both geographically and temporally. During the last decade, however, both the causes of Artemia nutritional variability and methods to improve poorquality Artemia have been identified (Loufi et al., 2024).
Brine shrimp (Artemia spp.) are used in marine aquaculture worldwide. Annually, more than 2,000 metric tons of dry cysts are used for cultivation of fish, crustacean, and shellfish larva. Brine shrimp are important to aquaculture because newly hatched brine shrimp nauplii (larvae) provide a food source for many fish fry (Mozanzadeh et al., 2021). Culture and harvesting of brine shrimp eggs represents another aspect of the aquaculture industry. Nauplii and metanauplii of Artemia, commonly known as brine shrimp, play a crucial role in aquaculture due to their nutritional value and suitability as live feed for many aquatic species, particularly in larval stages (Sorgeloos & Roubach, 2021).
Equivariant neural networks and representation theory
Or: Beyond linear.
Abstract: Equivariant neural networks are neural networks that incorporate symmetries. The nonlinear activation functions in these networks result in interesting nonlinear equivariant maps between simple representations, and motivate the key player of this talk: piecewise linear representation theory.
Disclaimer: No one is perfect, so please mind that there might be mistakes and typos.
dtubbenhauer@gmail.com
Corrected slides: dtubbenhauer.com/talks.html
原版制作(carleton毕业证书)卡尔顿大学毕业证硕士文凭原版一模一样
原版纸张【微信：741003700 】【(carleton毕业证书)卡尔顿大学毕业证】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原海外各大学 Bachelor Diploma degree, Master Degree Diploma
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Cytokines and their role in immune regulation.pptx
This presentation covers the content and information on "Cytokines " and their role in immune regulation .
Unlocking the mysteries of reproduction: Exploring fecundity and gonadosomati...
The pygmy halfbeak Dermogenys colletei, is known for its viviparous nature, this presents an intriguing case of relatively low fecundity, raising questions about potential compensatory reproductive strategies employed by this species. Our study delves into the examination of fecundity and the Gonadosomatic Index (GSI) in the Pygmy Halfbeak, D. colletei (Meisner, 2001), an intriguing viviparous fish indigenous to Sarawak, Borneo. We hypothesize that the Pygmy halfbeak, D. colletei, may exhibit unique reproductive adaptations to offset its low fecundity, thus enhancing its survival and fitness. To address this, we conducted a comprehensive study utilizing 28 mature female specimens of D. colletei, carefully measuring fecundity and GSI to shed light on the reproductive adaptations of this species. Our findings reveal that D. colletei indeed exhibits low fecundity, with a mean of 16.76 ± 2.01, and a mean GSI of 12.83 ± 1.27, providing crucial insights into the reproductive mechanisms at play in this species. These results underscore the existence of unique reproductive strategies in D. colletei, enabling its adaptation and persistence in Borneo's diverse aquatic ecosystems, and call for further ecological research to elucidate these mechanisms. This study lends to a better understanding of viviparous fish in Borneo and contributes to the broader field of aquatic ecology, enhancing our knowledge of species adaptations to unique ecological challenges.
Authoring a personal GPT for your research and practice: How we created the Q...
Thematic analysis in qualitative research is a time-consuming and systematic task, typically done using teams. Team members must ground their activities on common understandings of the major concepts underlying the thematic analysis, and define criteria for its development. However, conceptual misunderstandings, equivocations, and lack of adherence to criteria are challenges to the quality and speed of this process. Given the distributed and uncertain nature of this process, we wondered if the tasks in thematic analysis could be supported by readily available artificial intelligence chatbots. Our early efforts point to potential benefits: not just saving time in the coding process but better adherence to criteria and grounding, by increasing triangulation between humans and artificial intelligence. This tutorial will provide a description and demonstration of the process we followed, as two academic researchers, to develop a custom ChatGPT to assist with qualitative coding in the thematic data analysis process of immersive learning accounts in a survey of the academic literature: QUAL-E Immersive Learning Thematic Analysis Helper. In the hands-on time, participants will try out QUAL-E and develop their ideas for their own qualitative coding ChatGPT. Participants that have the paid ChatGPT Plus subscription can create a draft of their assistants. The organizers will provide course materials and slide deck that participants will be able to utilize to continue development of their custom GPT. The paid subscription to ChatGPT Plus is not required to participate in this workshop, just for trying out personal GPTs during it.
Randomised Optimisation Algorithms in DAPHNE
Slides from talk:
Aleš Zamuda: Randomised Optimisation Algorithms in DAPHNE .
Austrian-Slovenian HPC Meeting 2024 – ASHPC24, Seeblickhotel Grundlsee in Austria, 10–13 June 2024
https://ashpc.eu/
Remote Sensing and Computational, Evolutionary, Supercomputing, and Intellige...
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11th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (IcETRAN), Niš, 3-6 June 2024
Inter-Society Networking Panel GRSS/MTT-S/CIS Panel Session: Promoting Connection and Cooperation
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3D Particle-In-Cell (PIC) algorithm,
Plasma expansion in the dipole magnetic field.
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原版纸张【微信：741003700 】【(uvic毕业证书)维多利亚大学毕业证】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原海外各大学 Bachelor Diploma degree, Master Degree Diploma
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
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Context. With a mass exceeding several 104 M⊙ and a rich and dense population of massive stars, supermassive young star clusters
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among stars.
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The primary targets of this project are Westerlund 1 and 2, the closest supermassive star clusters to the Sun.
Methods. The project is based primarily on recent observations conducted with the Chandra and JWST observatories. Specifically,
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Additionally, we included 8 archival Chandra/ACIS-S observations. This paper presents the resulting catalog of X-ray sources within
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s
−1
. The X-ray sources exhibit a highly concentrated spatial distribution,
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Otomycosis
- 2. OVERVIEW • Otomycosis is a fungal infection that affects one, or occasionally both, of the ears. • It mostly affects people who live in warm or tropical areas. It also often affects people who swim frequently, live with diabetes, or have other chronic medical and skin conditions. • There are several treatment options for otomycosis, but it can become chronic.
- 3. SYMPTOMS Symptoms are common for otomycosis: • pain • itching • inflammation • swelling • redness • flaky skin • ringing in the ears • feeling of fullness in the ears • discharge of fluid from the ears • hearing problems Discharge from the ears is one of the most common symptoms and may be different colors. You may see white, yellow, black, gray, or green fluid.
- 4. CAUSES • A fungus causes otomycosis. There are nearly 60 different species of fungi that may be responsible for this infection. Common fungi include Aspergillus and Candida. Sometimes bacteria can combine with the fungi and make the infection more complicated. • Otomycosis is more common in tropical and warm regions because fungi can grow better in these areas. This infection is also more common during the summer months. Fungi need moisture and warmth to grow. • People who swim in contaminated water are more likely to get otomycosis. Even swimming or surfing in clean water can increase the risk. • In addition, people who have weakened immune systems, trauma or injuries in the ear, eczema, or other chronic skin problems are at a higher risk of getting this type of infection.
- 5. TREATMENT • Cleaning • Ear Drops • Oral Medication
- 6. PREVENTION • Avoid getting water in your ears while swimming or surfing. • Dry your ears after showering. • Avoid putting cotton swabs inside your ears. • Avoid scratching the skin outside and inside your ears. • Use acetic acid ear drops after getting water in your ears.