This document discusses tools, standards, and best practices for building out the Internet of Things (IoT). It describes what the IoT is and provides an overview of a foundation for the IoT including standards, tools, and design patterns. It also discusses topics like virtualization of things, interaction patterns, and demonstrated an open IoT stack using existing standards and tools.

1. IoT
Buildout
Tools,
Standards,
and
Best
Prac4ces
for
Building
Out
the
Internet
of
Things

2. What
is
the
Internet
of
Things?
Things
People
So.ware
Inform
Command
Inform
Actuate
Autonomic
Feedback
Loop
Cyberne>c
Feedback
Loop
Observe
Control

3. A
Founda4on
for
the
Internet
of
Things
Standards
Tools
Best
Prac4ces
Build
Out
Web
Design
Pa?erns
M2M
Extensions
Open
Source
and
Commercial
Open
Internet
Standards
Collec>vely
Enable
The
development
and
evolu>on
of:

4. Best
Prac4ces:
Well-­‐Known
Design
Pa?erns
• Connected
Intelligence
and
Embedded
Intelligence
• Discovery
and
Linking
• Deployment
Pa?erns
– Device
to
device
– Managed
Devices
– Servers
and
Gateways
• Internet
and
Web
Design
Pa?erns
– IP
Connec4vity
– REST
APIs,
device
as
Origin
Server
– Hypermedia
(Web
Linking)
– Publish-­‐Subscribe

5. Connected
Intelligence
Disrupts
Embedded
Intelligence
Thing
SoTware
Connected
Intelligence
Embedded
Intelligence
Network

6. Virtualiza4on
of
Things
Thing
SoTware
Network
SoTware
Abstrac4on
(Network)
Firmware,
Middleware
Device
Applica4on

7. Virtualiza4on
Enables
Many-­‐to-­‐Many
SoTware
Applica4ons
to
Things
Thing
SoTware
SoTware
Abstrac4ons
Middleware
SoTware
SoTware
Thing
Thing

8. Data
Model
Thing
SoTware
Data
Model
SoTware
SoTware

9. Data
Model
Thing
SoTware
Middleware
SoTware
SoTware

10. Interac4on
Pa?erns
Applica4on
Sensor/
Actuator
Device
Service
e.g.
LWM2M
Device
with
Embedded
Applica4on
Applica4on
Web
Applica4on
Client
Server
Peer-­‐Peer
Constrained
Device,
e.g.
16KB
RAM,
128KB
Flash
Smart
Object
Registra4on,
Discovery
and
Data
Layer
Service,
Device
Proxy
and
Cache
Applica4ons
can
Discover
and
Interact
with
devices
using
Peer-­‐Peer
networking
or
through
Services,
using
the
Same
Seman4cs

11. Device
Registers
With
LWM2M
Server,
Applica4on
Discovers
App
LWM2M
Server
SoT
Endpoints
IP
Device
IP
Device
LWM2M
Clients
/3303/0/5700
/domain/endpoints/3303/0/5700
HTTP
CoAP

12. Applica4on
Interacts
With
Device
Through
Stateless
Proxy
Server
App
LWM2M
Server
IP
Device
IP
Device
LWM2M
Clients
/domain/endpoints/3303/0/5700
/3303/0/5700
HTTP
CoAP

13. Applica4on
Receives
No4fica4ons
Through
Server
App
LWM2M
Server
IP
Device
IP
Device
LWM2M
Clients
NOTIFY

14. LWM2M
Communica4on
Through
NAT
App
LWM2M
Server
CoAP
IP
Device
IP
Device
HW
Device
Endpoints
REG
UPDATE
NAT
Router
GET/PUT

15. Managed
Device
Interac4ons
TV
Audio
DoorLock
Light
Washing
Machine
Router
LWM2M
Server
Smart
Phone
Ethernet,
WiFi,
Thread
Fitbit
BTLE
LWM2M
Server
Local
Applica4on
Scene
Control
Binding,
Pairing
Remote
Applica4on
Energy
Management

16. The
Open
Standards
Are
Here
• All
Levels
of
the
System
– Radios,
MCUs
–
Arduino,
mbed,
802.15.4
– Network
–
WiFi,
6LowPAN,
Thread,
BLIP
– Wire
Protocol
–
HTTP,
CoAP,
MQTT,
Websockets
– Device
Interac4on
–
OMA
LWM2M,
OIC,
Alljoyn
– Data
Models
–
IPSO
Smart
Objects
– Applica4ons
–
Node-­‐RED
• Fragmenta4on
=>
Convergence
– No
New
Standards
– Adopt
and
Integrate
Exis4ng
Standards
– Converge
on
a
Common
Set

17. Layered
Architecture,
Narrow
Waist
Applica4on
SoTware
IPSO
Objects
LWM2M
CoAP
HTTP
6LowPAN
IPV4/IPV6
MCU
–
16KiB
RAM
MPU
802.15.4
WiFi,
Ethernet
Hardware
HW
Network
IP
Rou4ng
REST
Protocol
API
for
data
and
metadata
Data
Models
Applica4on
HTTP
REST
Server
17
2/10/15
Device
Management

18. The
Tools
Are
Available
Now
• Tools
– Device
-­‐
mbed
libraries,
Eclipse
Wakaama,
Io4vity
– Server
-­‐
ARM
mbed
Device
Server,
Eclipse
Leshan
– Communica4on
-­‐
MQTT
–
Mosqui?o,
Eclipse
Paho
– API
and
Protocol
Conversion
-­‐
IoT
Toolkit
– Applica4ons-­‐
Node-­‐RED
• Tools
implement
Standards
– CoAP,
HTTP,
MQTT
– OMA
LWM2M,
IPSO
Smart
Objects

19. Open
IoT
Stack
• Standards
for
Reuse
and
Interoperability
– CoAP,
HTTP,
MQTT
– OMA
LWM2M,
IPSO
Smart
Objects
– C++,
Node.js,
Python
• Device
Tools
– ARM
mbed
Open
Source
IDE
and
IoT
Libraries
• Server
Tools
– ARM
mbed
Device
Server
– Mosqui?o
MQTT
– Node-­‐RED
– IoT
Toolkit

20. Demonstra4on
mbed
Device
Server
mbed
device
MQTT
Broker
mbed
device
No4fica4on
Handler
Control
Applica4on
Async
Handlers
Node-­‐RED
All
No4fica4ons
All
Events
CoAP
No4fica4ons
State
Updates
(HTTP
PUT)
State
Updates
(CoAP
PUT)
Latency
~
100
mSec
Discover
And
Subscribe
Subscribed
No4fica4ons
Sensor
Actuator
Local
or
Cloud

21. References
Slide
Presenta4ons
h?p://www.slideshare.net/michaeljohnkoster/presenta4ons
IPSO
Smart
Object
Guideline
h?p://www.ipso-­‐alliance.org/smart-­‐object-­‐guidelines
OMA
LWM2M
Specifica4on
h?p://openmobilealliance.hs-­‐sites.com/lightweight-­‐m2m-­‐specifica4on-­‐
from-­‐oma
CoAP
h?p://coap.technology/
mbed
h?p://mbed.org/
Node-­‐RED
h?p://nodered.org/
Eclipse
h?ps://eclipse.org/