This document provides an overview of the insect order Orthoptera, including its definition, examples, characteristics, classification, and two main suborders - Ensifera and Caelifera. Some key details include: - Orthoptera refers to insects with straight wings, including crickets, grasshoppers and locusts. - They have chewing mouthparts, elongated hind legs adapted for jumping, and females have an ovipositor for laying eggs. - The order is divided into the suborders Ensifera (long-horned grasshoppers) and Caelifera (short-horned grasshoppers). - Examples of families discussed are Tettigoidae (long-horned

1. Insect order orthoptera and its
classification
By –Arvind yadav.
ID :- 721 ,
Degree program :- bsc.(hons) horti.
Banda University of Agriculture &
Technology. Banda;
Email:-buatarvind721@gmail.com
Arvindy2510@BUAT721

2. Orthoptera, derived from the two Greek word
“ortho” meaning straight and “ptera” meaning
wing.
Definition :-orthopterans have a generally
cylindrical body, with elongated hindlegs and
musculature adapted for jumping.
Synonyms of orthoptera is saltatoria or
saltatoptera.
Example :-Crickets , Grasshoppers, Locusts.

3. Some important characters of
orthoptera
 Have biting/chewing mouth parts with well
developed mandibles .
 Head is :- hypognathous
 hind legs modified for jumping.
 Most Orthopterans have a long ovipositor,
used for laying eggs.
Antenna is filliform.
Metamorphosis simple or incomplete .
Tarsi in orthopterans 3- or 4-segmented.

4. Scientific classification
Kingdom Animalia
Phylum Euarthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Orthoptera

6. Types of orthroptera
Orthoptera is divided into two suborders:-
1:-Ensifera ( Long-Horned Grasshoppers).
2:-Caelifera (Short-Horned Grasshoppers).

7. Tettigoidae (long horned
grasshopper)
All members of this family, with the exception
of the shield-backed grasshopper, are green
in colour, have long wings.
Tettigonids are distinguished by having the
hearing organs (tympanums) located on the
front legs,
 When the male rubs his wing covers
together, he produces a song that is used to
attract females.
Each species has its own characteristic song.
 Most long-horned grasshoppers spend the
winter in the egg stage.

8. Tarsus are four segmented .
Example :- Surface grasshopper-Conocephailus indicus

9. Tarsus are three segmented.
 They are herbivorous and include some of the most
destructive agricultural pests known.
The plague, or migratory, species are called locusts.
 Short-horned grasshoppers range in size from 5 mm to
11 cm length.
Hind legs are adapted for jumping, with greatly
enlarged femurs.
Most species have a pair of tympanal (hearing) organs
at the base of the abdomen

10. Example:- Cotton grass hopper.
Rice grass hopper.