This document discusses several organic mental disorders including dementia in Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, organic amnesic syndrome, and mental disorders due to brain damage, dysfunction, and physical disease. It provides details on the etiology, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment approaches for various organic mental disorders.

1. Organic
mental
disorders

2. Classification
• F00 Dementia in Alzheimer’s disease
• F01 Vascular dementia
• P02 Dementia in other diseases classified elsewhere
• F03 Unspecified dementia
• F04 Organic amnesic syndrome, not induced by alcohol and
other psychoactive substances
• F05 Delirium, not induced by alcohol and other
psychoactive substances
• F06 Other mental disorders due to brain damage and
dysfunction and to physical disease
• F07 Personality and behavioural disorders due to brain
disease, damage and dysfunction
• F09 Unspecified organic or symptomatic mental disorder

25. •Benzo diazepines for insomnia and
anxiety
•Anticonvulsants to control seizures

30. VASCULAR DEMENTIA
• Characterized by an irreversible alteration in brain function that
result from damage or destruction of brain tissue such as blood
clots that block small vessels in the brain.
Etiology
• Small focal deficits
• Contributing factors
• Advanced age
• Cerebral emboli or thrombosis
• diabetes
• Heart diseases
• High blood cholesterol level
• Hypertension (stroke)
• TIA

31. Signs and symptoms
• Confusion
• Wandering in familiar places
• Leg or arm weakness
• Neurologic symptoms (few days)
• Slurred speech
• Problems with recent memory
• Loss of bowel and bladder control
• Inappropriate emotional reactions
• Problems in money handling
• Difficulty in following instructions
• Depression
• Dizziness

32. Diagnosis
•Cognitive assessment scale
•Global deterioration scale
•MMSE
•MRI / CT
•Based on ICD 10 criteria

33. Treatment
•Carotid endarterectomy
•Drug therapy such as aspirin
Nursing interventions
•Reduce unnecessary stimuli
•Make environment as stable as possible
•Avoid changing patients room and moving
furniture
•Minimize confusion producing factors
•Orient patient to his surroundings

54. Organic amnestic syndrome
•It is characterized by impairment of
memory and global intellectual
functioning due to an underlying
organic cause. There is no disturbance
of consciousness.

59. ETIOLOGY

60. CLINICAL FEATURES
• RECENT MEMORY IMPAIRMENT
• ANTEROGRADE AND RETROGRADE AMNESIA
• NO IMPAIRMENT IN IMMEDIATE MEMORY
MANAGEMENT
• TREATMENT OF UNDERLYING CAUSE

62. mental disorder due to brain damage,
dysfunction and physical disease
• Primary cerebral disease :epilepsy,encephalitis,head
trauma,brain neoplasms,vascular cerebral disease and cerebral
malformations
• Systemic diseases : hypothyroidism,cushings
disease,hypoxia,hypoglycemia,SLE and extra cranial neoplasms
• Drugs : steroids, antihypertensives, antimalarials, alcohol and
psycho active substances
Disorders are:
• Organic hallucinosis
• Organic catatonic disorder
• Organic delusional disorder
• Organic mood disorder
• Organic anxiety disorder

64. Etiology
•Complex partial seizures (temporal lobe
seizures)
•Cerebral neoplasms
•Cerebrovascular disease
•Head injury
Management
•Treatment of underlying cause
•Symptomatic treatment with lithium,
carbamazepine or with antipsychotics