Opposition to the_new_deal
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The document summarizes opposition to FDR's New Deal programs during the 1930s. There were three main forms of opposition: 1) some felt the New Deal did not go far enough to help the poor, led by figures like Huey Long, Francis Townsend, and Father Coughlin; 2) others in the business community and Republican Party felt the New Deal was too interventionist and undermined free markets; 3) the Supreme Court struck down some New Deal programs as unconstitutional until FDR's court-packing scheme led the court to become less obstructionist.
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The document discusses the Progressive Era in the United States between the 1890s and 1920s. It describes the political machines and corrupt bosses that controlled many local governments. In response, reformers known as Progressives pushed for regulation of big business and other reforms. Muckraking journalists helped expose issues and push reforms. Women became more active in reform movements and eventually won the right to vote with the 19th Amendment. Progressive presidents like Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson enacted reforms to bust trusts and regulate railroads. However, minorities faced ongoing discrimination and were often excluded from the benefits of reforms during this era.
Franklin delano roosevelt
The document discusses Franklin D. Roosevelt and his New Deal programs during the Great Depression. It provides background on FDR and his election to four terms as president. It describes some of the key New Deal relief programs and agencies FDR established to provide relief, create jobs, and reform the economy, such as the CCC, FERA, TVA, and Hoover Dam project. It also discusses the challenges FDR faced from critics who opposed his expansion of federal power and perceived it as a threat to capitalism and private enterprise.
Liberal Vs. Conservative APUSH review
Liberals historically favored more government intervention and social reforms while conservatives favored limited government and maintaining the status quo. However, meanings have changed over time. In the early 19th century, Jeffersonian liberals favored limited government but this became a conservative view in the 20th century. Hamilton's conservative view of an expanded government role later aligned with 1930s liberals. Between 1960-1975, liberals pushed for greater social changes while conservatives resisted sweeping reforms and sought to protect societal norms.
New Deal Impact
The New Deal greatly expanded the power and role of the federal government in society and the economy. It increased the number of government employees, acted as a "broker state" by intervening in the national marketplace, and strengthened new constituencies like organized labor, women, African Americans, and other groups that joined the Democratic coalition. Specifically, it grew the labor movement through legislation and organizations like the CIO. However, the New Deal still had limitations and did not solve all the problems of the Great Depression or fully overcome racial discrimination.
The Progressive Era
The document provides an overview of key topics related to the Progressive Era. It begins with defining the Progressive Era and its goals of protecting social welfare, promoting moral improvement, creating economic reform, and fostering efficiency. It then discusses specific accomplishments and reforms in these areas, including prohibition, women's suffrage, trust busting, regulation of railroads and food/drugs, conservation, and labor reforms. The document also summarizes the presidencies of Theodore Roosevelt, William Howard Taft, and Woodrow Wilson, outlining major policies and legislation passed under each. It focuses on their approaches to trusts, tariffs, conservation, African Americans, and events leading to the Republican party split in 1912.
Ap chapter 22
Theodore Roosevelt pushed for significant domestic reforms during his presidency from 1901 to 1909. He aggressively enforced antitrust laws, passing regulations like the Pure Food and Drug Act. Roosevelt conserved millions of acres of federal lands and established the National Forest Service. In foreign policy, he took an interventionist approach and helped negotiate an end to the Russo-Japanese War, winning the Nobel Peace Prize. His successor, William Taft, prosecuted antitrust cases at an even higher rate but was seen as more conservative. Roosevelt split from the Republicans to run as a third party candidate in 1912.
Truman domestic policies
This document provides an overview of the domestic policies and agenda of Harry S. Truman during his presidency from 1945-1953. It highlights Truman's "Fair Deal" domestic agenda which aimed for full employment, tax cuts, and national health insurance. It discusses some of the successes of his agenda such as desegregating the military and increases to Social Security benefits. However, it also notes that many of Truman's programs struggled due to opposition in Congress and his focus shifting to foreign policy challenges in the Cold War.
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Does American Democracy Have a Future? The U.S. on the Eve of the 2020 Election
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Coloradofederalgovernment Revised
The document compares and contrasts the preambles and structures of government between the Colorado and U.S. Constitutions. Both preambles share similar language around forming a more perfect government and promoting general welfare. The structures are also similar, with three branches of government and a governor/president as head. However, the Colorado Constitution has more conditions for removal of state judges, such as becoming 72 years old, conviction of a crime, or decision by voters or a disciplinary commission. It also differs in that governors appoint judges to vacancies from nominees selected by citizens, rather than requiring "advice and consent" from the legislative branch as with federal judges.
Coloradofederalgovernment
The document compares and contrasts the preambles and structures of government between the US Constitution and the Colorado Constitution.
Specifically, it notes that the preambles of both constitutions share similar language around forming a more perfect union, establishing justice, ensuring domestic tranquility, providing common defense, promoting general welfare, and securing blessings of liberty. However, the Colorado Constitution additionally references reverence for the Supreme Ruler of the Universe and forming a more independent government.
It also describes how the structures of the federal and Colorado governments are similar, with three branches, but the governor serves as the head of Colorado state government analogous to the president. The document then focuses on key differences between the two regarding judicial appointments and removal
Supply power point
This document provides an overview of supply, including the definition of supply, the law of supply, differences between supply and quantity supplied, supply schedules, supply curves, factors that can cause supply curves to shift, and elasticity of supply. The key points are:
- Supply is the willingness and ability of sellers to produce and offer goods for sale. The law of supply states that quantity supplied increases as price increases and decreases as price decreases.
- A supply schedule shows quantity supplied at different price levels while a supply curve graphs this relationship. Supply curves typically slope upward but some are vertical.
- Factors like resource prices, technology, taxes, subsidies, quotas, number of sellers, and weather can cause supply
Demand Notes
Demand is defined as the willingness and ability to purchase a good. The quantity demanded refers to the actual number of units purchased at a given price. The law of demand states that as price increases, quantity demanded decreases, and vice versa. A demand schedule shows the relationship between price and quantity demanded, and can be represented graphically as a demand curve. A shift in the demand curve indicates a change in demand, whereas a movement along the curve represents a change in quantity demanded in response to a price change. Factors that can cause demand to shift include changes in income, preferences, prices of related goods, and the number of consumers.
Economic goals
The document outlines six main economic goals: economic freedom, economic equity, economic efficiency, economic security, economic stability, and economic growth. It provides definitions and examples for each goal. Economic freedom involves individual choice in work and spending. Economic equity centers on fairness and redistribution. Economic efficiency means fulfilling needs with minimal waste. Economic security protects against risks like illness. Economic stability aims for sustained growth without large fluctuations. Economic growth is a sustained rise in production, as measured by GDP, which improves standards of living.
Revised U2 Notes
The document provides background information on U.S. imperialism in the late 19th/early 20th century. It discusses several reasons for U.S. imperialism, including global competition with European powers, a desire to expand markets and obtain naval bases, and beliefs in cultural and racial superiority. It also outlines some of America's early imperialist acquisitions like Alaska, Hawaii, and Samoa. The document then discusses U.S. expansion into Asia through events like the Spanish-American War and America's growing influence in China.
Types of Government
This document describes different types of governments. It outlines economic models like capitalism, socialism, and communism. It then explains various political structures for governing a state, including autocracy (monarchy, dictatorship), democracy (representative democracy, direct democracy), oligarchy, totalitarianism, theocracy, and anarchy. Each system is briefly defined in one or two sentences. The document aims to categorize and define the primary forms of government that exist worldwide.
Unit 7 civil rights
The Civil Rights Movement sought to end racial segregation and discrimination against African Americans. Key events and figures included the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments granting rights to freed slaves after the Civil War but being undermined by the 1896 Plessy v Ferguson Supreme Court decision establishing "separate but equal". Brown v Board of Education in 1954 ruled segregation unconstitutional. The Montgomery Bus Boycott led by MLK Jr. and various protests including sit-ins and marches promoted civil rights. The 1964 Civil Rights Act and 1965 Voting Rights Act were passed after violent confrontations drew national attention to discrimination.
Modern american history ppp
Nixon was elected president in 1968. His presidency was marred by the Watergate scandal, which eventually led to his resignation in 1974. In the late 1970s, the US faced crises like the Iran hostage crisis and rising gas prices due to OPEC embargoes. Ronald Reagan was elected in 1980 on a platform of conservative policies and cutting taxes. His presidency saw an economic recovery and military buildup against the Soviet Union during the Cold War.
Leaders organizations
The document summarizes several prominent civil rights organizations that were leaders during the Civil Rights Movement:
- The Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) engaged in sit-ins and protests in the early 1960s and helped organize Freedom Rides and Freedom Summer to break down legal barriers facing Black Americans.
- The NAACP, founded in 1909, used litigation to challenge racial discrimination and helped integrate public accommodations, though some members had to work secretly due to retaliation.
- The Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), founded by Martin Luther King Jr., used nonviolent direct action to desegregate public facilities but struggled after King opposed the Vietnam War.
- The Student Nonviolent Co
Unit 7 civil rights
The civil rights movement sought to end segregation and discrimination against African Americans. Key events and figures included the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments granting rights to freed slaves after the Civil War but were undermined by the 1896 Plessy v Ferguson Supreme Court decision establishing "separate but equal". Brown v Board of Education in 1954 ruled segregation unconstitutional. The Montgomery Bus Boycott led by MLK Jr began in 1955 after Rosa Parks' arrest. Sit-ins and freedom rides continued non-violent protests. The 1964 Civil Rights Act and 1965 Voting Rights Act were passed after violent events like Bloody Sunday in Selma, Alabama.
The cold war
The Cold War was the period of tension and conflict between the United States and Soviet Union from 1945-1980. Major crises during this time included the Cuban Missile Crisis, Vietnam War, and construction of the Berlin Wall. Though the US and USSR were allies in World War 2, their relationship was never truly friendly due to deep distrust that existed even before the war. This distrust stemmed from their opposing political ideologies of capitalism versus communism and led to a strategic competition where the two superpowers vied for influence through proxy wars around the world without direct military conflict.
Wolrd War II
This document summarizes the key events leading up to America's involvement in World War II, beginning with the rise of totalitarian regimes in Europe and Asia in the early 20th century. It then discusses the expansionist actions of Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy, and militarist Japan in the 1930s, as well as America's initial isolationism. After Germany invaded Poland in 1939, starting WWII in Europe, the document outlines America's increasing support for Britain through Lend-Lease and its entry into the war following the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941.
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The document compares and contrasts the constitutions of Colorado and the United States. Both constitutions share similar preambles focused on forming better government and securing individual rights and liberties. However, they differ in how judges can be removed from office and how judicial vacancies are filled. Colorado judges can be removed for reasons like misconduct, disability or reaching age 72, while federal judges have lifetime tenure barring misconduct. Additionally, the US President nominates federal judges subject to Senate approval, whereas Colorado's governor appoints from nominees selected by citizens to initially fill vacancies.
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This document compares and contrasts aspects of the Colorado and U.S. Constitutions. Both constitutions share similar preambles focused on forming better government and securing rights and liberties. However, they differ in how judges are selected and retained. Under the U.S. Constitution, federal judges retain their positions for life unless removed for bad behavior. Colorado judges can be removed for bad behavior, conviction of a crime, or reaching age 72. Additionally, Colorado governors appoint state judges from citizen-nominated candidates rather than requiring Senate approval like for federal judges.
U4notes
Franklin D. Roosevelt implemented his New Deal program to pull the United States out of the Great Depression. The New Deal established programs like the Civilian Conservation Corps, Agricultural Adjustment Administration, and Tennessee Valley Authority. It provided relief, recovery, and reform across many areas of the economy and society through jobs programs, regulation of banks and industry, and development projects. The Hundred Days period saw the rapid passage of 15 major bills establishing these new agencies and reforms.
Influencing public agenda
Letters to officials, letter-writing campaigns, petitions, email and phone campaigns, and demonstrations are options for influencing the public agenda. Letters are read by officials and their staff to gauge public opinion, and should clearly state the issue and position. Letter-writing campaigns can have greater impact by generating many letters. Petitions are like letters but with many signatures to demonstrate support. Email and phone calls are also tracked by officials. Demonstrations can draw media attention but risk public backlash if disruptive or violent.
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1) The document discusses America's emergence as a world power in the late 19th/early 20th century and provides reasons for U.S. imperialism including global competition, cultural superiority, naval bases, and new markets.
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Opposition to the_new_deal
- 1. Opposition to the New Deal
- 2. Opposition • ‘New Deal’ unique in American history • Of course opposition was bound to exist • Opposition took three forms – The ‘New Deal’ isn’t doing enough! – The ‘New Deal’ is doing too much! – Opposition from the Supreme Court
- 3. The New Deal isn’t doing enough! • Many Americans still desperately poor – Worst hit were blacks & poor farmers • Key figure: Huey Long (see slide) • Key figure: Dr. Francis Townsend – Campaigned for $200/month pensions for 60 y.o.s, providing they spent it in same month, thus stimulating the economy • Key figure: Father Coughlin – Catholic priest – Used weekly radio address to attack FDR – Set up National Union of Social Justice, had large membership – Movement faded in early ’40s after Vatican instructed him to stop his attacks
- 4. Huey Long • A remarkable character – 1928: Governor of Louisiana – 1932: Senator of Louisiana – Gained power through legal & illegal means (intimidation & bribery) – Used power to help the poor – Relentlessly taxed big businesses in state – Used $$$ to build roads, schools, hospitals – Employed blacks equally w/ whites – Clashed w/ KKK – At first supported New Deal, later said ND too complicated & not doing enough • ‘Share the Wealth’ scheme, ‘Every man a king!’ – Personal fortunes max @ 3 million – Yearly income max @ 1 million – Gov’t taxes shared w/ all Americans – Pensions for all over 60 y.o. – Free washing machines & radios for everyone • Aggressive & forceful, w/ many friends & enemies • FDR considered him one of two most dangerous men in America until Long was assassinated in 1935 (how convenient)
- 5. The New Deal is doing too much! • Business community & Republicans – ND complicated w/ too many codes & regs – Gov’t shouldn’t support unions & wages, that is the job of the market (supply & demand) – Gov’t schemes like TVA unfair competition since private companies aren’t funded by gov’t – ND like Stalin’s 5-Year Plans, not free-market – FDR behaving like a dictator – Wealthy were wealthy because they worked hard for it. High taxes on wealthy discouraged people from working hard to achieve wealth & gave money to people who did little for it
- 6. The New Deal is doing too much! • FDR upset w/ tactics of Republicans – Tried to smear him & ND Democrats w/ dirt – Said FDR paralyzed from STD, not polio – Employers put memos in employee pay checks saying ND would never happen • FDR turned on enemies bitterly • 1936 election: – Massive win for FDR, more than in 1932 – Highest margin of victory ever achieved – ‘Everyone is against the New Deal except the voters’ • FDR
- 7. Opposition from the Supreme Court • Supreme Court most powerful opponent – Dominated by anti-ND Republicans – Could overturn ND laws as unconstitutional • MAY 1935: Schechter Poultry Corp. found guilty of violating NRA regs – Sold diseased chickens for people to eat – Filed false sales claims to inflate value – Exploited workers – Threatened gov’t inspectors • SC ruled in favor of Schechter on appeal – Fed gov’t had no right to prosecute company – NRA was unconstitutional – NRA took too much power away from states
- 8. ‘Court Packing Scheme’ • FDR furious – SC denied laws citizens wanted FDR to use – FDR asked Congress to expand SC from 9 justices to 15, the new six being pro-ND • FDR misjudged mood of Americans – Citizens alarmed at FDR’s grab for power – Feared FDR attacking American system of gov’t – FDR had to back down • ‘A switch in time saves nine’ – SC shaken by FDR’s attempt – Less obstructionist from Fall ’35 onward – Most Second New Deal measures approved by SC in 1937
- 11. Opposition to New Deal • The New Deal is nothing more or less than an effort to take away from the thrifty what the thrifty and their ancestors have accumulated, or may accumulate, and give it to others who have not earned it and never will earn it, and thus indirectly to destroy the incentive for all future accumulation. Such a purpose is in defiance of all the ideas upon which our civilization has been founded. – A Republican opponent of the New Deal speaking in 1935 • For twelve years this nation was afflicted with hear-nothing, see-nothing, do-nothing government. The nation looked to government but government looked away. Nine crazy years at the stock market and three long years in the bread-lines! Nine mad years of mirage and three long yeas of despair! Powerful influences strive today to restore that kind of government with its doctrine that government is best which is most indifferent … We know now that government organized by money is just as dangerous as government by organized mob. Never before in all our history have these forces been united against one candidate – me – as they stand today. They are unanimous in their hate of me – and I welcome their hatred. – A speech by FDR in the 1936 presidential election campaign