The document provides an overview of President Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal programs from 1933 to 1938 to address the Great Depression. It describes the three R's of the New Deal: Relief to provide immediate aid, Recovery through stimulus programs, and Reform through permanent regulations. Major New Deal agencies included the CCC, WPA, PWA, AAA, SEC, FDIC and Social Security. The New Deal faced criticism for not going far enough to help women and African Americans or being too socialist. By the late 1930s, the economy had recovered and union membership increased, but the recession of 1937 showed the recovery was not complete.
This lecture deals with the rise of industrial America ni the second half of the 19th century. It explains the factors that led to the economic boom and its impact on businesses and on American economic progress.
This covers all of how America got into World War One through how we helped end the war in Europe. It also at the end discusses the treaty of Versailles.
This lecture deals with the rise of industrial America ni the second half of the 19th century. It explains the factors that led to the economic boom and its impact on businesses and on American economic progress.
This covers all of how America got into World War One through how we helped end the war in Europe. It also at the end discusses the treaty of Versailles.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
2. Causes of the Great
Depression
Agricultural overproduction
Industrial overproduction
Unequal distribution of
wealth
Over-extension of credit
International economic
situation
Stock market speculation
Under consumption
3. Here he comes to save the day!
In March 1933, the
country was virtually
leaderless and the
banking system had
collapsed.
4. FDR Restored Confidence
In his inaugural
address, he said “The
only thing we have to
fear is fear itself….”
He promised vigorous
leadership and bold
action, called for
discipline and
cooperation,
expressed his faith in
democracy, and
asked for divine
protection and
5. FDR’s Personal Qualities
Practical politician
Practiced the art of the possible.
Charismatic person
Warm, seemed to
understanding people.
He knew how to handle press
by focusing attention on
Washington.
He provided dynamic
leadership in a time of crisis.
He was willing to experiment.
6.
7. The New Deal’s Three R’s…
1. Relief - Immediate action taken to
halt the economies deterioration.
Provide jobs, stop farm foreclosures.
2. Recovery - "Pump - Priming"
Temporary programs to restart the flow
of consumer demand.
3. Reform - Permanent programs to
avoid another depression and insure
citizens against economic disasters.
Regulate banks, abolish child labor, etc.
8. First New Deal (1933-1934)
Emphasis: reform
Political Position: conservative
Primary aim: economic
recovery
Philosophy: economic
nationalism and economic
scarcity (i.e., raise prices by
creating the illusion of
scarcity)
Objectives: higher prices for
agriculture and business
Beneficiaries: big business
and agricultural business
9. Section #1 Cont.
AgencyAgency PurposePurpose
Civilian Conservation Corps
(CCC)
Provided jobs to young, unmarried men (and later,
women) to work on conservation and resource
development projects.
Works Progress
Administration (WPA)
Gave the unemployed work in building construction and
arts programs.
Public Works Administration
(PWA)
Sponsored massive public works projects such as dams
and hydroelectric plants.
National Recovery
Administration (NRA)
Worked with industries to establish codes outlining fair
business and labor practices.
National Labor Relations
Board (NLRB)
Enforced provisions of the Wagner Act, which included
the right to collective bargaining and other union rights.
Federal Deposit Insurance
Corporation (FDIC)
Insured bank deposits up to $5,000.
Securities and Exchange
Commission (SEC)
Regulated the stock market and protected investors from
dishonest trading practices.
Agricultural Adjustment
Administration (AAA)
Attempted to raise farm prices by paying farmers to lower
farm output.
Social Security
Administration (SSA)
Provided old-age pensions, disability payments, and
unemployment benefits.
10. Civilian Conservation Corp (CCC)
Purpose: relief
Gave outdoor
work to
unemployed men
between the ages
of 17 and 29
They received
$30 per month,
but $22 went
back to the family
2 million jobs!!
11. WPA Buildings in Atlanta:
N. Fulton & Booker T Washington High Schools,
GT Chem Bldg & Dorms, Cyclorama, many others
12. TVA- Tennessee Valley Authority
Dams to control flooding & provide electricity
Replant forests, build industrial plants, create jobs, attract industry w/
cheap power
Monopoly?
Helps one of poorest regions
13. The Second New Deal
More social welfare benefits,
stricter controls over business,
stronger support for unions, and
higher taxes on the rich.
WPA provided work for more than 8
mill.
Playgrounds, airports, hospitals ect.
Supported artists and writers.
FSA loaned more than $1 billion to
farmers and set up camps for migrant
workers.
14. Social Security Act
Purpose: reform &
relief
Gave money to states
for:
aid to dependent
children & disabled
Established
unemployment
insurance through
payroll deduction
Set up old-age
pensions for retirees.
16. The New Deal on Trial
By 1935, political
disunity was
evident. There
were critics on the
right and the left. NEWNEW
DEADEA
LL
17. Criticisms of Conservative
Opponents
Conservative opponents said the New Deal went
too far:
socialism (killed individualism)
added to national debt ($35 billion)
wasted money on relief and encouraged idleness
violated the constitution & states rights
increased the power of the
Presidency (FDR was reaching
toward dictatorship, independence
of judiciary threatened,
separation of powers shattered)
18. ““The New Deal CriticsThe New Deal Critics ””,,
Limitations…Limitations…
Women
NRA codes permitted lower wages for women’s
work.
Jobs went to male “head of families”.
14-hour days for $6.50 per week.
African Americans
Fed. relief programs (PWA) reinforced segregation.
Not offered jobs at a “professional” level.
Received lower pay than whites.
Social Security failed to cover 2/3 of African
Americans.
In the North: “Last hired, first fired.”
“Don’t shop where you can’t work!”
Fed offered no relief to lynchings.
Anti lynching bills went down to defeat in 1935 &
1938.
FDR did appoint more African Americans to policy-
19. Radical / Socialist Opponents
Radical opponents
said the New Deal
did not go far
enough.
They were
demagogues
(rabble-rousers) w/
popular followings,
FDR was
concerned.
20. Senator Huey Long (LA)
Senator Huey Long
said New Deal relief
measures were mere
crumbs and advocated
a share the wealth plan
guaranteed income of
$5,000 for everyone,
financed by
confiscating taxing
wealthy (people making
over $5 million per
year).
21. Section #1 cont.
1936 Election1936 Election
FDR defeats Rep. Governor Alfred
M. Landon from Kansas
FDR loses only two states.
Maine & Vermont
Landslide victory winning the
electoral college 523 – 8.
Shows that Americans support the
New Deal.
22.
23. The Roosevelt Coalition
While Republicans were still
relying on their traditional base of
political support (big business, big
farmers, and conservatives)
Democrats broadened their
constituency by appealing to
small farmers in the Midwest,
urban political bosses, ethnic blue
collar workers, Jews, intellectuals,
and African Americans.
24. Protection of New Deal
Accomplishments
FDR frustrated by Supreme Court
They overturned several New Deal
agencies & acts
Steps FDR took to protect New
Deal accomplishments:
Court-Packing Plan (proposed
increasing Supreme Court from 9 to
15 members, caused in revolt in
Dem. Party)
This failed
Violation of Separation of
Powers??!!
25. Last Days of the New Deal
The New Deal did not end the nation’s suffering,
but it did lead to some profound changes in
American life.
Voters began to expect a President to formulate
programs and solve problems.
Unfortunately there was The Recession of 1937
Industrial production once again fell, as well as
employment levels.
The new Social Security tax was partly to blame
FDR also cut back on the WPA program
The national debt rose from $21 billion in 1933 to $43
billion by 1940.
26. Labor Unions Increase
The Wagner Act (1935)
provided federal protection
unions.
Union membership rose from
3 million in 1933 to 10.5
million by 1941.
The CIO (Congress of
Industrial Organizations) was
est. by John L. Lewis.
The aim of this organization
was to challenge conditions
in industry, and their main
tool was the strike.
27. An Era of Strikes
Due to the Wagner Act, many unions went on strike.
Several strikes included “Sit-down” strikes. Where
the employees would not leave the building, they
would simply sit down and refuse to work.
The most famous sit-down strike began on Dec. 31,
1936. The UAW (United Auto Workers) occupied
GM’s main plant in Flint, Michigan.
GM executives turned off the heat and blocked entry to
the plants so that the workers could not receive food.
Violence erupted outside with the picketers.
Many wives were able to get food in to their husbands
and later GM finally gave in to negotiations.
28. New Deal’s Effect on Culture
The WPA supported
unemployed artists,
musicians, historians,
theater people, and
writers. In 1935, the
program was called, “The
Federal Writers’ Project.”
In the end, 10,000 artists
painted some 2,000
murals, 100,000 other
paintings, 17,000
sculptures, and many
other works.
29. Lasting New Deal
Achievements
Many NEW DEAL bridges, dams, tunnels,Many NEW DEAL bridges, dams, tunnels,
public buildings, and hospitals stand to thispublic buildings, and hospitals stand to this
day.day.
The Tennessee Valley Authority remains aThe Tennessee Valley Authority remains a
model of government planning.model of government planning.
The Federal Deposit Insurance CorporationThe Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
(FDIC) still guarantees bank deposits.(FDIC) still guarantees bank deposits.
The the workings of the stock exchange.The the workings of the stock exchange.
(Martha Stewart!)(Martha Stewart!)
Social Security is still around, though manySocial Security is still around, though many
worry if it will be available for you and yourworry if it will be available for you and your
children.children.
32. Eleanor – 6 kids, champion of
civil rights, seeking solutions for
un-employed, flying with
Tuskegee Airmen, advocating for
the UN
Persuaded FDR to stay in
politics after polio
Often appeared on his behalf
Outspoken
Publically supported causes
of the unemployed & WWII
refugees and civils rights of
women, African & Asian
Americans
sometimes obviously
disagreed with FDR policies
One of top 10 most admired
Americans of the 20th
century
33.
34.
35.
36. In the end…
Of all of its achievements, perhaps the
New Deal’s greatest was to restore a
sense of hope!
What finally brought the U.S. out of the
Great Depression?
So, time for Unit 7 Test! (Ch 21-23)