The document discusses the developments of OpenStreetMap in 3D, highlighting the community-driven project that utilizes volunteered geographic information and existing data for 3D modeling. It outlines various approaches to data capturing, editing, and processing, as well as the functionalities of the osm-3d.org platform, which serves as both a browser plugin and a standalone application. Lastly, the document emphasizes the flexibility of its architecture for wider applications beyond just OpenStreetMap.

1. OpenStreetMap in 3D
current developments
Arne Schilling
3rd Internation MapWindow
Open-Source GIS Conference
Velp, The Netherlands, 06/26/2012

2. Outline
• Part 1
– What is OpenStreetMap 3D?
– 3D Community
– Data Capturing
– Data Editing & Processing
• Part 2:
– OSM-3D Project
– As Browser Plugin
– Database Statistics
– Web Frontend
– External Authoring Interface
– As Standalone Application
– Open Service based Infrastructure

3. Part 1: What is OpenStreetMap 3D?
• Community project, part of
OpenStreetMap
• Volunteered Geographic Information
• Using existing OSM database, add
specific 3D information
Server
OSM Mappers Guidelines Renderers
Infrastructure

4. 3D Community
• Current activities
GLOSM OSM2World: oblique imagery OSM in X-Plane
Kendzi3D XML3D: Declarative 3D
osm-3D.org

5. 3D Community
• 1st Workshop in Garching, Germany, 27. August 2011: 5
participants from universities
• 2nd Workshop in Garching, Germany, 17.-18. March 2012: 16
participants from universities and the industry
• Topics:
– Data Capturing
– Data Editing & Processing
– Visualization & Applications
– Visions and strategic concepts
– Communication & Infrastructure
– Tagging consolidation

6. Data Capturing
• Professional Workflow requires
– Cadastre data
– LIDAR for producing point clouds or
high res camera for producing oblique
imagery
– Plane?
– CAD and other professional Source: 3D Reality Maps
reconstruction tools
- efficient but very expensive
Source: Vertex modelling
Source: virtualcitysystems

7. Data Capturing
• Workflow for amateurs
– Using handheld GPS devices, smart phones
– Observe from street level
– Trace/measure from Bing maps at home
– Use other public domain information
Source: Gadgeteer.org Source: Heiko Schlesinger
Source: OpenStreetMap
Source: gabrielhemery.com
Source: Wikipedia

8. Data Editing & Processing
• 1. Approach:
– Using existing 2D editing software e.g. JOSM
– Describe building shape using attributes
– Rule-based reconstruction
Source: Wikipedia Source: osm-3d.org

9. Data Editing & Processing
• 1. Approach: Rule-based reconstruction
– Vertical gaps: skybridges, overpasses, overhanging parts
Petronas Tower Skybridge Connecting passage
Source: Wikipedia Source: Wikipedia Source: OpenStreetMap
London City Hall
Source: Wikipedia Source: osm-3d.org

10. Data Editing & Processing
• 1. Approach: Rule-based reconstruction
• Describing Roof shapes using attributes
• Definition of typical roof shapes
• Adding additional information: angles, heights, orientation,
material, gables, etc.
• Plugins for 3D preview
Source: Kendzi 3D Source: osm-3d.org
Source: OpenStreetMap

11. Data Editing & Processing
• 1. Approach: Rule-based reconstruction
• Limitations:
Data imported from french cadastre
Source: OpenStreetMap Data source: cadastre-dgi-fr source : Direction Générale
des Impôts - Cadastre. Mise à jour : 2010

12. Data Editing & Processing
• 2. Approach:
– Using 3D Modelers / CAD software
– Requires dedicated 3D repository/servers
– Objects in 3D repository are linked to OSM via URLs (Tag
building:model=„http://repourl/model.wrl“)
– OpenBuildingModels
Source: osm-3d.org

13. Data Editing & Processing
Combining rule based reconstruction and OpenBuildingModels

14. Part 2: osm-3d.org

15. As Browser Plugin

16. As Browser Plugin

17. As Browser Plugin
• Link from geocoded Wikipedia article using GeoHack
template
http://www.osm-
3d.org/map.htm?lat=51.983333&lon=5.
916667&zoom=12

18. Database Statistics
Worlwide coverage
400 GB terrain data / 69 Mio.
tuples
54 Mio. buildings
1,4 TB processing database

19. Web Front End
• Technology:
– Mix of Javascript and Java Applet
– Rendering based on OpenGL / JOGL
– Address Search and Routing functionality provided by
OpenRouteService
– Java Applet has External Authoring Interface

20. External Authoring Interface
Java Applet methods can be called from Javascript using
LiveConnect
Functions available for
- Adding own markers (waypoints) with custom text and icons
- Controlling camera, adding viewpoints
- Enabling/disabling layers
- Computing routes
- loading custom models stored locally
- Replacing Geocoder or Route Service

21. External Authoring Interface
<applet id="xnavigator"
code="org.gdi3d.xnavi.appletlauncher.AppletLaunche
r.class" WIDTH=800 HEIGHT=570> ... </applet>
document.xnavigator.setLayerSelected(„PublicFacilities“,
true);
document.xnavigator.addWaypoint(5.92, 51.98, „4326“,
„http://myiconurl.png“, „center“, „middle“, „myWaypoint“,
„id01“);
document.xnavigator.addViewpoint(6.93, 52.34, 100.3, 0.0,
.0.32, “from south”);
document.xnavigator.importURL(„http://myurl/myBuilding.wrl“);
Documentation:
http://xnavigator.sourceforge.net/doku.php?id=eai

22. As Standalone Application
• Access to advanced features:
• Upload of GPX tracks
• Search for nearby POIs via OpenLS Location Service
• Route animations
• Import custom 3D models
• Load data from Web Feature Service
• Control of solar and atmospheric settings

23. Open Service based Infrastructure
?
GE, Nokia, other
?
closed source
Products GE Server
Prop.
Open Source
Images,
Projects vectors
NASA World
Wind Server
OGC
OSM-3D
3D Formats
W3DS

24. W3DS Server Interface
• Get Service Meta Data:
– http://rax.geog.uni-
heidelberg.de/W3DS_OSM/W3DS?SERVICE=W3DS&REQUES
T=GetCapabilities&ACCEPTVERSIONS=0.4.1
• Get Buildings:
– http://rax.geog.uni-
heidelberg.de/W3DS_OSM/W3DS?SERVICE=W3DS&REQUES
T=GetScene&VERSION=0.4.1&CRS=EPSG:900913&FORMAT
=model/vrml&BoundingBox=790053.1172,6572361.3988,790664
.6134,6572972.895&layers=Buildings

25. Open Service based Infrastructure
3D Client
Web 3D OpenLS OpenLS Web Map Web Sensor
Service Route Directory Service Feature Observation
Service Service Service Service

26. Conclusions
• OpenStreetMap contains a lot of hidden information that is
useful for various purposes. Map -> spatial database
• Concepts and guidelines on how to map 3D information in
OpenStreetMap are still under development
• The osm-3d.org web page provides already a usable service
• The architecture is very flexible and can be used for other
projects as well, it is not tailored for OpenStreetMap

27. The End
• Any questions?
Arne Schilling
3rd Internation MapWindow
Open-Source GIS Conference
Velp, The Netherlands, 06/26/2012

28. Since 09/2011: Terrain available worldwide

29. Since 02/2012: Bing Maps and Bing aerial imagery

30. Google Earth Integration

31. Web Site Usage Statistics
Unique visitors per week of http://osm-3d.org
Traffic from Wikipedia / GeoHack

32. XNavigator Downloads
Downloads per month

33. Server Interface
• OSM-3D data can be accessed without credentials
• Interface based on Web 3D Service: http://w3ds.org
• Output formats: VRML, X3D, KML, COLLADA, XML3D

34. Various Terrain Styles

35. Since 03/2012: Buildings & POIs available worldwide

36. Building Updates
• Set up automatic update process
• Updates are done weekly or biweekly
• Osmosis database updated using OSM change sets
• PostGIS database updated weekly baed on change sets
• 3D buildings generated from PostGIS database. Full update
of all buildings
OSM OSMOSIS PostGIS 3D
Change Set database database database

37. Buildings

38. The End
• Thank you.