I gave this keynote talk at 3D GeoInfo conference held at Singapore on 25th September 2019. I shared my experiences in integrating CAD/BIM/GIS on the web platform and introduced mago3D from the technical point of view.

1. Let’s integrate CAD/BIM/GIS on the same
platform: A practical approach in real cases
Sanghee Shin(shshin@gaia3d.com)
25th September 2019

4. Access!!

5. Building Information Modeling (BIM)
is a digital representation of physical and
functional characteristics of a facility.

6. CAD/BIM
1. Hard to access and see the CAD/BIM data
2. Closed and proprietary technology
3. Loosely coupled with geospatial context

7. CAD/BIM data is big and complex!
➔ Hard to see and access CAD/BIM data without special software!

8. Technologies are closed and proprietary!
Source: http://artist-3d.com/free_3d_models/graphics- file-formats.php
3D formats are usually created with
professional CAD software
Many 3D formats are proprietary
with low inter-operability
➔ Hard to access proprietary technologies and formats!

9. Geospatial context matters!
➔ Need to manage facilities and processes in geospatial context!
GIS
CityGML
GeospatialInformation
GISStandards
IFC
BIM
OutdoorModel
IndoorModel
BIMStandards
Construction
DrawingsInfo.
In/Outdoor
GIModel
(GeospatialInformation
Model)

11. Open Source
Web
GeoBIM
Geo+BIM
Web FOSS
Open source way!

12. Web based Digital Twin platform
on top of open source!

13. History
2014
Project started.
NSIP Program
2016
Live 3D Geo-Platform
Alpha version released.
2017
GeoBIM Platform
Version1.0 released.
2018
OpenIndoorMap opened
2019
Digital Twin Platform
Version2.0 released.

14. Key Features
• CAD/BIM and 3D GIS integration in a single space
• Web based – no need to install additional program
• Massive and complex 3D objects rendering
• Open source – Apache and AGPL license
• Supports industry standard formats(ifc, 3ds, dae, kml, rev, gltf…)
• In-Browser 3D objects moving/rotation/heading adjustment
• Highly extensible architecture

15. https://github.com/gaia3d

16. Overall System Architecture
mago3D.JS
Cesium/WWW
Client
internet
Web Server WAS
F4DStorage
mago
Content
Management
DataBase
F4D Converter
3 main components of mago3D

17. 2 Main Cores of mago3D…
F4D Converter mago3D.js
mago3D.js
3D GIS Engines
Cesium.js
WebWorldWind.js
API
API
service html
F4D Converter
F4D
.ifc
.3ds
.obj
…
F4D Converter converts 3D formats(IFC, 3DS, OBJ, DAE, JT, …)
to 3D internet service format F4D. It reduces data size and
pre-process the visibility index for fast rendering.
JavaScript that expands existing WebGL Globe’s features to
support BIM and indoor space.

18. Problems
CAD/BIM is too heavy due to so many vertices and triangles in so many objects.
This causes two major issues in handling GeoBIM in web browsers.
!
Network Traffic Rendering Speed

19. How to solve these problems?
So we introduced 3 concepts to solve these issues.
1. Reducing file size 3. Preprocessing
for speed
2. Building rougher
LOD
making indices
used in culling
removing duplication

20. Key Algorithms
Step What is this? Used for
1. Model/Reference
-> Reducing Size
A concept of writing 3D data that only one
geometry among multiple geometries congruent
with each other is written.
reducing data size of semantic
data(ex. BIM/CAD, 3D data by
modeling)
2. NSM(Net Surface Mesh)
-> Create Multiple LODs
This is composed of 2 steps.
1. building meshes with regularly gridded vertices
on surfaces of raw 3D model.
2. triangle reduction.
making rougher LOD
※ 2nd step is separately applied in
simplifying targets in case of
triangular meshes such like TIN or
random-shaped 3D data
3. Visibility/Spatial index
-> Increasing rendering speed
Visibility index is for occlusion culling and spatial
index is for frustum culling in indoor camera
working.
carrying out a serial combination of 2
cullings for fast determination of
targets to be shown
Let’s look into more in detail.

21. F4D: Service Format Optimized for Web Service
<Basic Concept>
<F4D Format Structure>
* Detailed F4D specifications are here: http://www.mago3d.net/homepage/spec.do

22. F4D: Model-Reference Concept
➔ Model is 3D geometry info, while Reference is real instance of this model

23. F4D: Model-Reference Concept
With 4 geometric meshes - 4 models 23 objects are created. - 23 instances
Image source : www.vecteezy.com

24. F4D: Multiple LODs
Detailed Resolution
Coarse Resolution

25. F4D: How to Make Multiple LODs
1. Build a triangular mesh based on the grid structure from the original three-dimensional data.

26. F4D: How to Make Multiple LODs

27. F4D: Spatial Octree and Visibility Index
1. When a camera position and
2. the viewing direction of it are setup,
3. mago3D does frustum culling on spatial indices
4. and do occlusion culling on the result of the
frustum culling.
5. Finally mago3d finds targets to be rendered.
(intersection between two indices)
→ It possible to select targets to be rendered
without any complicated geometric operation in
run-time.
How to use both indices

28. mago3D.js: Let’s Piggyback!!
1. A plug-in to any web 3D engines based on WebGL.
2. A set of JavaScript for web developments.
3. Not an WebGL Globe, But a just Java Script.
ismago3D.js
Cesium World Wind WebGL Globe

29. mago3D.js: Components
1. maog3D.js has been designed
and developed as an independent
plug-in to the existing WebGL
Globe.
2. mago3D.js added new
functionalities and enhanced
performance of existing WebGL
Globle.
Mago3D
Cesium/NASA World Wind
WebGL Globe Core
Mago3D Connector
Mago3D.JS
Mago3D Renderer
Shader
Mago3D Accelerator
Performance Enhancer
Mago3D
REST API
request, response
Mago3D
Process
Manager
Mago3D
Data
Container

30. mago3D.js: Components
1. mago3D Connector that interacts with WebGL Globe such as
Cesium, World Wind.
2. mago3D Renderer that shades and renders 3D data.
3. mago3D Accelerator that enhance performance such as frustum &
occlusion culling, indexing, LOD(Level Of Detail) handing.
4. mago3D Data Container that contains and manages 3D data.
5. mago3D Process Manager that manages whole process from data
receiving to rendering.
6. mago3D REST API that provides API for 3D data sending and
receiving.

31. mago3D.js: Screen Space Ambient Occlusion
<Before>
<After>

32. mago3D.js: Screen Space Ambient Occlusion
<Before>
<After>

33. Property Handling
CAD/BIM
1. Property/Attributes
2. Geometry
<F4D Converter>
F4D Format
DBMS
(PostgresSQL, Oracle…)
<IFC Extractor, …>
<Object ID matching>

35. Runs on any device
Accessible from any web browsers

36. BIM Integration
Seamless integration of BIM and 3D GIS
on the same platform
scene from indoor to outdoor through windows Scene from outdoor to indoor through windows

37. MEP Integration
Integration of large size MEP and 3D GIS
on a web browser

38. AEC Integration
Integration of large size AEC and 3D GIS
on a web browser

39. CityGML Integration
Integration of large size CityGML and 3D GIS on a web browser

40. Point Cloud Integration
Integration of large size Point Cloud and 3D GIS on a web browser

41. OGC WPS Integration
Integration of OGC Web Processing Service

42. Various OpenAPIs
APIs are supported for developing application
systems(currently 29 APIs) moving/rotating
a full building
moving objects &
viewing attributes registration/monitoring/search of issues

44. Ship Building Industry
Yards
Cranes
Office Buildings
Factories
Docks
BlocksShips
Smart Welding Machine Virtual Yard on Web Browser!
1,500 EA25 EA250 EA75 EA
25 EA
15,000 EA 1,700 EA
3 EA
• Project Name: Ship Building Process Management System
• 3D Models in Service

45. Ship Building Industry

46. KOPRI(Korea Polar Research Institute)
• Project Name: King Sejong Research Base Facility Management System

47. OpenIndoorMap Project

48. AIST, Japan

49. Railways

50. Lessons learnt
• Standards are not widely accepted across industries.
• Format conversion is big headache.
• Fit-for-purpose or relevant data is important.
• Visualizing large and complex objects is still challenging.
• Many clients want to see analysis and simulations based on 3D.
• UI/UX of CAD/BIM navigation mode should be different from 3D GIS.
• Digital transformation is ongoing silently but rapidly across industries.

52. Coming up next!
Future of mago3D!
• REV(Aveva Marine) format will be supported.
• AutoDesk Revit plugin will be released. Direct conversion from Revit to F4D.
• magoEarth(WebGL Globe) is being developed.
• Official OpenIndoorMap service will start.
• Will incorporate more simulations using lego-block style open architecture.
• Will be a ‘Digital Twin based Smart Spaces’ platform!

53. mago3D
<Source: https://www.arcweb.com/ja/node/149>
In Future…

54. For more information, please visit http://mago3d.net
All the source codes are available at https://github.com/gaia3d
Thank you!
Acknowledgement : This research was supported by a grant(number:19NSIP-B080778-06) from National Spatial Information Research Program (NSIP)
funded by Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport of Korean government.