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Open Education: OER, MOOCs e pratiche pedagogiche aperte
The document discusses open education, including key concepts like open educational resources (OER), MOOCs, and open educational practices. It traces the history and evolution of open education since the 1980s, highlighting notable milestones and developments. Additionally, it offers insights into fostering open education in Italy and encourages educators to adopt open practices.
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Open Education: OER, MOOCs e pratiche pedagogiche aperte
- 1. Open Education: OER,MOOCs e pratiche pedagogiche aperte Fabio Nascimbeni
- 2.
- 3. Agenda 01 02 03 04 L’Open Education: concettichiave Open Education in Italia Open Educators Un po’ di storia
- 4. Parte 1: OpenEducation
- 5. Dagli anni 80,i movimenti «Open»
- 6. Cosa intendiamo perOpen Education • Un movimento • Una pratica • Una filosofia • Un diritto umano • Un modo di risparmiare risorse • Una buzzword Rolfe, V. (2017). Striving toward openness: But what do we really mean? The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 18(7). http://dx.doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v18i7.3207 Source: https://www.flickr.com/photos/opensourceway/
- 7. Le ragioni dell’Open Education • Costo dei libri di testo (US) • Diseguaglianze educative (UK, America Latina) • Espansione della domanda di HE da 97M student nel 2000 a 262M nel 2025 (UNESCO) • Innovazione pedagogica
- 8. L’idea di fondo «Setu hai una mela e io ho una mela e ce le scambiamo, allora tu e io abbiamo sempre una mela ciascuno. Ma se tu hai un'idea e io ho un'idea e ce le scambiamo, allora entrambi abbiamo due idee» G. B. Shaw Internet enables – Copyright forbids
- 9. Concetti chiave: LicenzeAperte https://chooser-beta.creativecommons.org/
- 10. Concetti chiave: OpenEducational Resources open = free + permissions
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- 12. Concetti chiave: OpenEducational Practices Cronin, C., & MacLaren, I. (2018). Conceptualising OEP: A review of theoretical and empirical literature in Open Educational Practices. Open Praxis, 10(2), 127-143. Open scholarship Networked participatory scholarship Open pedagogy Critical digital pedagogy (…)
- 13. Parte 2. Unpo’ di storia
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- 16. 2001: Wikipedia Semplicemente la piùgrande OER del pianeta
- 17. 2002: UNESCO definiscele OER «The open provision of educational resources, enabled by information and communication technologies, for consultation, use and adaptation by a community of users for non- commercial purposes» 5Rs: Retain, Reuse, Revise, Remix, Redistribute
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- 19. 2008: CapeTown Declaration “Openeducation is not limited to just open educational resources. It also draws upon open technologies that facilitate collaborative, flexible learning and the open sharing of teaching practices that empower educators to benefit from the best ideas of their colleagues. It may also grow to include new approaches to assessment, accreditation and collaborative learning” http://www.capetowndeclaration.org/
- 20. 2008: il primoMOOC Connectivism and Connective Knowledge (CCK08) Downes and Siemens, University of Manitoba 2.200 Participants worldwide Connectivist approach (cMOOC)
- 21. 2008: EduPunk “an approachto teaching that avoids mainstream tools like PowerPoint and Blackboard, and instead aims to bring the rebellious attitude and DIY ethos of ’70s bands like The Clash to the classroom” Kunz, 2008 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pAIwrdy4Y9g
- 22. 2011: il primoxMOOC Introduction to Artificial Intelligence Norvig and Thrun, Stanford University More than 150.000 participants
- 23. 2011: Youtube adottale licenze aperte
- 24. 2012: «The yearof the MOOC» Buzzword dell’anno «An avalanche is coming» Contronarrativa: i MOOCs aumentano le diseguaglianze
- 25. 2012: 1st UNESCOOER World Congress Nuova definizione di OER: «teaching, learning and research materials in any medium, digital or otherwise, that reside in the public domain or have been released under an open license that permits no-cost access, use, adaptation and redistribution by others with no or limited restrictions» http://www.unesco.org/new/en/communication-and-information/access-to-knowledge/open-educational-resources/what-is-the-paris-oer- declaration/
- 26. 2013: si muovela Commissione Europea
- 27. 2017: 2nd UNESCOOER World Congress Assenza di molti paesi importanti Dichiarazione di Lubiana Raccomandazione UNESCO su OER
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- 29. 2019: Raccomandazione UNESCO TheRecommendation focuses on five objectives: 1) building capacity of stakeholders to create access, use, adapt and redistribute OER, 2) developing supportive OER policy, 3) encouraging the development of inclusive and equitable quality OER, 4) nurturing the creation of sustainability models for OER, and 5) facilitating international cooperation on OER. OER defined as “teaching, learning and research materials in any medium that may be composed of copyrightable materials released under an open license, materials not protected by copyright, materials for which copyright protection has expired, or a combination of the foregoing” (UNESCO, 2019).
- 30. La comunità OpenEducation
- 31. Parte 3. L’OpenEducation in Italia
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- 33. MOOCs I MOOCs italiani sonomolto open!
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- 36. Parte 4. OpenEducators
- 37. Per aumentare l’“apertura” in un’università • Politica pubblica • Politica istituzionale (con incentivi) • Ecosistema tecnologico • Collaborazione (inter)nazionale • Supporto tecnico e metodologico • Insegnanti capaci e motivati
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- 39. Co-design your syllabuswith your students
- 40. Content: Use opentextbooks
- 41. Teaching: Transform yourcourse into a MOOC
- 42. Assessment: Assess students'work by sharing it publicly
- 43. Suggestions to become anOpen Educator
- 44. Step 1. Checkyour starting competences Platform URL: http://rd.unir.net/pub/oef
- 45. Step 2. Takea course on Open Education https://course.openmedproject.eu/
- 46. Step 3. ExploreOER repositories OER Metafinder, https://oermetafinder.gmu.edu/ OER Commons, www.oercommons.org MERLOT, www.merlot.org Connexions, www.cnx.org
- 47. Step 3b. ExploreMOOCs platforms Coursera, www.coursera.org 45M students, 150 partners, 3800 courses edX, www.edx.org 24M students, 100 partners, 2600 courses Udacity, www.udacity.com 12M students FutureLearn www.futurelearn.com 10M stidents, 100 partners, 880 courses Edraak (Jordan), www.edraak.org
- 48. Step 4. Getinspired by existing open educators www.opengame-project.eu www.oerworldmap.org
- 49. Step 5. Exploreopen tools
- 50. Step 6. Connectwith Open Education practitioners Lorna Campbell (http://lornamcampbell.org/) Dave Cromier (http://davecormier.com/edblog/) Cathrine Cronin (https://catherinecronin.net/) Stephen Downes (https://www.downes.ca/) Jim Groom (https://bavatuesdays.com/) Alan Levine (https://cogdogblog.com/) Audrey Watters (http://hackeducation.com/) Martin Weller (http://blog.edtechie.net/) David Wiley (https://opencontent.org/blog/)
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Editor's Notes
- #8 Usher (2007) of the Educational Policy Institute predicted that the number of students in post-secondary education will more than double in the next decade. Daniel, Kanwar and Uvalić-Trumbić (2007) report that “India alone would need nearly 2400 additional universities in the next 25 years – or roughly two new universities per week”. This level of demand exceeds the capacity of the existing system to deliver and it is not economically viable to continue to build new universities. The magnitude of unsatisfied demand for post-secondary provision provides a solid economic imperative for an OER for assessment and credit for students project.
- #9 Educazione = Condivisione Con il digitale e’ possibile condividere risorse ed idee in modo non Digital revolution: ideas & content can be shared endessly, unprecedented possibilities for education Problem: Copyright forbids sharing Solution: Open Licenses (use copyright to enable sharing) Result: OER Impact: lower cost of textbooks (US), improved quality of resources, improved access and equity, innovative pedagogy
- #15 On April 4, 2001, MIT announced it would publish educational materials from all of its courses freely and openly on the Internet. Ten years later, OCW has shared materials from more than 2000 courses with an estimated 100 million individuals worldwide.
- #16 On April 4, 2001, MIT announced it would publish educational materials from all of its courses freely and openly on the Internet. Ten years later, OCW has shared materials from more than 2000 courses with an estimated 100 million individuals worldwide.
- #17 The biggest OER on the planet
- #18 Forum on the Impact of Open Courseware for HE in Developing Countries
- #20 http://wikieducator.org/Educators_care/Defining_OER http://wikieducator.org/Educators_care/Defining_OER
- #21 In CCK09, we offered the same course as the previous year, with roughly the same model. The course had fewer participants - about 800 people. What was most interesting about CCK09 is that the students from the previous year returned to the course again, and in many cases took over the teaching of the course. They did not ask - they did not need to ask.
- #22 Corso usando Wikipedia Corso Digital Storytelling, University of Mary Washington
- #24 Youtube becomes a OER repository
- #27 Opening Up Education
- #29 in 2012 the state of California passed legislation supporting the creation of open textbooks the Premiers of Alberta, British Columbia, and Saskatchewan signed a Memorandum of Understanding (2014) to facilitate creation, sharing, and use of Open Educational Resources
- #53 On April 4, 2001, MIT announced it would publish educational materials from all of its courses freely and openly on the Internet. Ten years later, OCW has shared materials from more than 2000 courses with an estimated 100 million individuals worldwide.
- #54 The biggest OER on the planet