The document discusses online learning tools for asynchronous and synchronous learning. It describes asynchronous learning as student-centered and using tools like email, blogs, wikis and discussion boards. Asynchronous learning communities have 5 stages of development and require an active facilitator. Synchronous learning uses tools like chat, audio/video conferencing and web conferencing for real-time communication. Both methods have benefits like flexibility and interactivity, but also weaknesses around technology access and skills. The document provides guidance on designing final projects according to objectives for online discussions.