This document discusses bacterial nutrition, growth conditions, and classification. It describes that bacteria can be autotrophic or heterotrophic, using inorganic or organic sources for food. Growth requires nutrients like carbon, nitrogen, minerals, and vitamins. Bacteria are classified by their use of oxygen - obligate aerobes require oxygen, while obligate anaerobes cannot tolerate it. Facultative bacteria can use oxygen but also grow without it. Temperature, pH, oxygen levels influence bacterial growth. Measurement methods include microscopy, serial dilution plating, turbidity, and mass determination.
Definition of bacterial growth
Modes of multiplication in bacteria
List the salient features of bacterial growth curve.
Concepts of generation time and growth curve
Calculations of generation time
This PPt deals about bacterial photosynthesis, different types of photosynthetic bacteria, types of photosynthesis-OXygenic and anoxygenic , photosynthetic structures, photosynthetic pigments and also explain the light reactions and dark reactions.in dark reactions, in addition to Calvin cycle, bacteria has one more carbon dioxide fixation (Pyruvate reductase pathway)
Extremophilic organisms are organisms that can survive exremities that are detrimental for other forms of life. Here is a presentation that discuss such microorganisms in detail
Definition of bacterial growth
Modes of multiplication in bacteria
List the salient features of bacterial growth curve.
Concepts of generation time and growth curve
Calculations of generation time
This PPt deals about bacterial photosynthesis, different types of photosynthetic bacteria, types of photosynthesis-OXygenic and anoxygenic , photosynthetic structures, photosynthetic pigments and also explain the light reactions and dark reactions.in dark reactions, in addition to Calvin cycle, bacteria has one more carbon dioxide fixation (Pyruvate reductase pathway)
Extremophilic organisms are organisms that can survive exremities that are detrimental for other forms of life. Here is a presentation that discuss such microorganisms in detail
The word Archae came from the Greek word Arkhaion, which means “Ancient”.
Archae is also the Latin name for Prokaryotic Cells. Archaea that growing the hot water of the Hot Spring in Yellowstone National Park produce a bright yellow color.
Archaebacteria are known to be the oldest living organisms on earth. They belong to the kingdom Monera and are classified as bacteria because they resemble bacteria when observed under a microscope. Apart from this, they are completely distinct from prokaryotes. However, they share slightly common characteristics with the eukaryotes.
This presentation contains information about Bacterial Taxonomy, techniques of bacterial classification (Classical and Molecular characteristics) and Bergey's Manual
General features of Proteobacteria, alpha Proteobacteria
subscribe youtube channel: Dharmesh Sherathia
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JxOIqxYmerk&t=348s
join me on insta @dharmesh.biology
Air is not a natural environment for microorganisms. Microorganisms present in air are liberated from various other sources. These various sources include soil, water, plant and animal surfaces and human beings.
Biodiversity, Microbial Biodiversity, Bacterial Biodiveristy, Archae Biodiversity, Protozoa Biodiversity, Fungal Biodiversity, Origin of Life, Origin of Life on Earth, Chemical Evolution, Physical Evolution, Biological Evolution
The word Archae came from the Greek word Arkhaion, which means “Ancient”.
Archae is also the Latin name for Prokaryotic Cells. Archaea that growing the hot water of the Hot Spring in Yellowstone National Park produce a bright yellow color.
Archaebacteria are known to be the oldest living organisms on earth. They belong to the kingdom Monera and are classified as bacteria because they resemble bacteria when observed under a microscope. Apart from this, they are completely distinct from prokaryotes. However, they share slightly common characteristics with the eukaryotes.
This presentation contains information about Bacterial Taxonomy, techniques of bacterial classification (Classical and Molecular characteristics) and Bergey's Manual
General features of Proteobacteria, alpha Proteobacteria
subscribe youtube channel: Dharmesh Sherathia
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JxOIqxYmerk&t=348s
join me on insta @dharmesh.biology
Air is not a natural environment for microorganisms. Microorganisms present in air are liberated from various other sources. These various sources include soil, water, plant and animal surfaces and human beings.
Biodiversity, Microbial Biodiversity, Bacterial Biodiveristy, Archae Biodiversity, Protozoa Biodiversity, Fungal Biodiversity, Origin of Life, Origin of Life on Earth, Chemical Evolution, Physical Evolution, Biological Evolution
Ppt on microbial nutrition. what are different nutrient required by microorganism, with a special focus on yeast for those who are dealing with alcoholic fermentation. nutritional classification of microorganism also given
The presentation discusses all about microbial growth, it explains various nutritional and physical requirements of bacteria for growth, it is also illustrated here the standard bacterial growth curve
Culture media and Cultivation of Bacteria DR.C.P.PRINCEDR.PRINCE C P
Purpose of culturing are
Isolation of bacteria ( pure culture)
Diagnosis of infectious diseases
Properties of bacteria i.e. culturing bacteria is the initial step in studying its morphology and its identification.
Maintenance of stock cultures.
Estimate viable counts. Water , air, milk testing
To test for antibiotic sensitivity.
To create antigens for laboratory use.
Vaccine preparation
Sterility testing
Preparation of pharmaceutical products like antibiotics, enzymes, toxins etc
Certain genetic studies and manipulations of the cells also need that bacteria to be cultured in vitro.
Culturing on solid media is another convenient way of separating bacteria in mixture.
An artificial culture media must provide similar environmental and nutritional conditions that exist in the natural habitat of a bacterium.
A culture medium contains water, a source of carbon & energy, source of nitrogen, trace elements and some growth factors.
PPT prepared by:
DR.C. P. PRINCE
HOD & Associate Professor
Department of Microbiology
Mother Theresa Post Graduate & Research Institute of Health Sciences (Government of Puducherry Institution)
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp Network
Nutrition
1. Nutrition
Bacteria
Autotrophic Heterotrophic
Chemoautotrophic Photoautotrophic Parasitic
Saprophitic
Symbiotic
Autotrophs
They are able to synthesize their own organic food
from inorganic substances.
Can use CO2 as a sole carbon source (Carbon
fixation)
Heterotrophs
They are unable to manufacture their own organic
food and hence are dependent on external source.
Cannot use CO2 as a carbon source
2. Photoautotrophs
Aerobic photoautotrophs
Anaerobic photoautotrophs
CO2 + H2O + Light (CH2O)n + O2
CO2 + H2S + Light (CH2O)n + 2S + H2O
CO2 + S + H2O + Light (CH2O)n + H2SO4
Uses light as an energy source
Uses energy from the oxidation of reduced
chemical compounds
7. Electron (Reduction potential) Source
Organotroph
Uses reduced organic compounds as a source for
reduction potential
Lithotroph
Uses reduced inorganic compounds as a source for
reduction potential
Nutrient Requirements
10. Nutrient Requirements
Prototrophs vs. Auxotrophs
Prototroph
A species or genetic strain of microbe capable of
growing on a minimal medium consisting a simple
carbohydrate or CO2 carbon source, with inorganic
sources of all other nutrient requirements
Auxotroph
A species or genetic strain requiring one or more
complex organic nutrients (such as amino acids,
nucleotide bases, or enzymatic cofactors) for growth
11. Microbiological Media
Liquid (broth) vs. semisolid media
Liquid medium
Components are dissolved in water and
sterilized
Solid medium
A medium to which has been added a gelling
agent
Agar (most commonly used)
Gelatin
12. Microbiological Media
Chemically defined vs. complex media
Chemically defined media
The exact chemical composition is known
e.g. minimal media used in bacterial genetics experiments
Complex media
Exact chemical composition is not known
Often consist of plant or animal extracts, such as soybean meal,
milk protein, etc.
Include most routine laboratory media,
e.g., tryptic soy broth
13. Microbiological Media
Selective media
Contain agents that inhibit the growth of certain
bacteria while permitting the growth of others
Frequently used to isolate specific organisms from a
large population of contaminants
Differential media
Contain indicators that react differently with different
organisms (for example, producing colonies with
different colors)
Used in identifying specific organisms
14. Bacterial Growth
Bacterial growth is the division of
one bacterium into two identical
daughter cells during a process
called binary fission. Hence,
doubling of the bacterial
population occurs.
15. Growth in Batch Culture
A “batch culture” is a closed system in broth medium in which no
additional nutrient is added after inoculation of the broth.
Typically, a batch culture passes through four distinct stages:
Lag stage
Logarithmic (exponential) growth
Stationary stage
Death stage
16. Measurement of bacterial Growth
1. Microscopic cell counts
2. Serial dilution and colony counting
Also know as “viable cell counts”
Concentrated samples are diluted by serial dilution
The diluted samples can be either plated by spread plating or by
pour plating.
Diluted samples are spread onto media in petri dishes and
incubated
Colonies are counted.
17.
18. 3. Turbidity
Based on the diffraction or “scattering” of light by
bacteria in a broth culture
Light scattering is measured as optical absorbance in a
spectrophotometer
Optical absorbance is directly proportional to the
concentration of bacteria in the suspension
Measurement of bacterial Growth
19. 4. Mass determination
Cells are removed from a broth culture by centrifugation
and weighed to determine the “wet mass.”
The cells can be dried out and weighed to determine the
“dry mass.”
5. Measurement of enzymatic activity or other cell
components
Measurement of bacterial Growth
24. Different types of bacteria according to oxygen
requirement
Environment
Group Aerobic Anaerobic O2 Effect
Obligate Aerobe Growth No growth Required
Microaerophile Growth if not too high No growth Required but at below 0.2 atm
Obligate Anaerobe No growth Growth
Toxic
Facultative
Anaerobe
(Facultative
Aerobe)
Growth Growth
Not required for growth but
utilized when available
