ABSTRACT
This paper describes the implementation of Distributed Active Filters (DAFs). To share the workload of harmonic filtering, several Active Filter Units (AFUs) are placed on different locations which can perform the harmonic filtering without a direct communication. Different configurations of DAFs are described and are implemented using MATLAB /Simpower system Toolbox environment to observe their performances and comparison.
KEYWORDS
Distributed Active Filters (DAFs), Power Quality, Total Harmonic Distortion
Design Of Hybrid Series Active Filters for Harmonic Reduction in Single Phase...IJMER
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) is Peer reviewed, online Journal. It serves as an international archival forum of scholarly research related to engineering and science education.
Mitigation of the Harmonics under Reactive Power Compensation by SHPF-TCR Usi...IJERA Editor
In this paper, a combined system of a thyristor-controlled reactor (TCR) and a shunt hybrid power filter
(SHPF)has been designed by MATLAB/SIMULINK approach for harmonic and reactive power compensation.
The quality of the power is effected by many factors like harmonic contamination, due to the increment of nonlinear
loads, sag and swell due to the switching of the loads etc. Also control schemes based on PI and Fuzzy
logic controllers have been proposed to mitigate the harmonics and neutral current . The proposed methodology
not only reduces the complexity but also offers simplicity to implement and increases reliability of the system.
These control strategies also help in achieving a low cost highly effective control. The performance is also
observed under influence of utility side disturbances such as harmonics, flicker and spikes with Non-Linear and
Reactive Loads with different control strategies.
IRJET- Harmonic Mitigation for Power Quality Improvement using Active Power F...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper that investigates using an active power filter with current control strategies to mitigate harmonics generated by nonlinear loads. It begins with an introduction to harmonics and different filter types, including passive filters and active power filters. It then describes the objectives and methodology of using a shunt active power filter with p-q theory and d-q control strategies in MATLAB simulations. Simulation results are presented and control strategies are compared based on their ability to reduce harmonic distortion below IEEE standards.
Harmonic Compensation for Non Linear Load Using PWM Based Active Filteridescitation
In this paper the elimination of the current harmon-
ics of injected by nonlinear loads is investigated. The active
power filter proposed in this study is a Single phase voltage
source inverter (VSI) connecting to the AC mains. The dspic
controller is used to control the operation of the switches of
the inverter. Active filtering is achieved through PWM in-
verter connected next to a given nonlinear load or at the point
of the common coupling (PCC). The simulation results show
that how well the filter eliminates the harmonics of the source
current.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Analysis and mitigation of unbalance due to load in distribution system by us...eSAT Journals
Abstract Distribution network losses can vary significantly depending on the load unbalance. Here, an analysis of distribution system losses is presented that considers load unbalance and the effect of explicitly represented neutral wire. A general power flow algorithm for three-phase four-wire radial distribution networks, based on the current summation backward-forward technique is applied. Loss analysis results obtained from three-phase four-wire medium and low voltage test feeders with unbalanced load scenarios are presented and discussed an active power filter is designed, simulated, implemented, and tested. It can work in different modes: active power filtering, power factor correction, and load unbalance compensation. It is based on a current controlled voltage-source inverter with fixed carrier PWM. The control algorithm generates the source reference currents based on the controlled DC link voltage. The dimensioning criteria of the inductive and capacitive power components are discussed. The implementation is validated with simulated and experimental results obtained in a 5 kVA prototype. Keywords: distribution networks, losses, load unbalance, power flow
Optimize Controlling of Active Filters Controlled by Pi ControllerIRJET Journal
This document discusses the use of an active power filter controlled by a PI controller to minimize harmonics and improve power quality. It begins with an introduction to active power filters and the need to compensate for non-linear loads. It then provides details on the proposed PI control scheme, including the control system block diagram and simulation model. Simulation results show that the PI-controlled active power filter is able to make the source current sinusoidal and reduce total harmonic distortion.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
We would send hard copy of Journal by speed post to the address of correspondence author after online publication of paper.
We will dispatched hard copy to the author within 7 days of date of publication
Design Of Hybrid Series Active Filters for Harmonic Reduction in Single Phase...IJMER
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) is Peer reviewed, online Journal. It serves as an international archival forum of scholarly research related to engineering and science education.
Mitigation of the Harmonics under Reactive Power Compensation by SHPF-TCR Usi...IJERA Editor
In this paper, a combined system of a thyristor-controlled reactor (TCR) and a shunt hybrid power filter
(SHPF)has been designed by MATLAB/SIMULINK approach for harmonic and reactive power compensation.
The quality of the power is effected by many factors like harmonic contamination, due to the increment of nonlinear
loads, sag and swell due to the switching of the loads etc. Also control schemes based on PI and Fuzzy
logic controllers have been proposed to mitigate the harmonics and neutral current . The proposed methodology
not only reduces the complexity but also offers simplicity to implement and increases reliability of the system.
These control strategies also help in achieving a low cost highly effective control. The performance is also
observed under influence of utility side disturbances such as harmonics, flicker and spikes with Non-Linear and
Reactive Loads with different control strategies.
IRJET- Harmonic Mitigation for Power Quality Improvement using Active Power F...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper that investigates using an active power filter with current control strategies to mitigate harmonics generated by nonlinear loads. It begins with an introduction to harmonics and different filter types, including passive filters and active power filters. It then describes the objectives and methodology of using a shunt active power filter with p-q theory and d-q control strategies in MATLAB simulations. Simulation results are presented and control strategies are compared based on their ability to reduce harmonic distortion below IEEE standards.
Harmonic Compensation for Non Linear Load Using PWM Based Active Filteridescitation
In this paper the elimination of the current harmon-
ics of injected by nonlinear loads is investigated. The active
power filter proposed in this study is a Single phase voltage
source inverter (VSI) connecting to the AC mains. The dspic
controller is used to control the operation of the switches of
the inverter. Active filtering is achieved through PWM in-
verter connected next to a given nonlinear load or at the point
of the common coupling (PCC). The simulation results show
that how well the filter eliminates the harmonics of the source
current.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Analysis and mitigation of unbalance due to load in distribution system by us...eSAT Journals
Abstract Distribution network losses can vary significantly depending on the load unbalance. Here, an analysis of distribution system losses is presented that considers load unbalance and the effect of explicitly represented neutral wire. A general power flow algorithm for three-phase four-wire radial distribution networks, based on the current summation backward-forward technique is applied. Loss analysis results obtained from three-phase four-wire medium and low voltage test feeders with unbalanced load scenarios are presented and discussed an active power filter is designed, simulated, implemented, and tested. It can work in different modes: active power filtering, power factor correction, and load unbalance compensation. It is based on a current controlled voltage-source inverter with fixed carrier PWM. The control algorithm generates the source reference currents based on the controlled DC link voltage. The dimensioning criteria of the inductive and capacitive power components are discussed. The implementation is validated with simulated and experimental results obtained in a 5 kVA prototype. Keywords: distribution networks, losses, load unbalance, power flow
Optimize Controlling of Active Filters Controlled by Pi ControllerIRJET Journal
This document discusses the use of an active power filter controlled by a PI controller to minimize harmonics and improve power quality. It begins with an introduction to active power filters and the need to compensate for non-linear loads. It then provides details on the proposed PI control scheme, including the control system block diagram and simulation model. Simulation results show that the PI-controlled active power filter is able to make the source current sinusoidal and reduce total harmonic distortion.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
We would send hard copy of Journal by speed post to the address of correspondence author after online publication of paper.
We will dispatched hard copy to the author within 7 days of date of publication
IJERD (www.ijerd.com) International Journal of Engineering Research and Devel...IJERD Editor
This document summarizes a research paper on using neural networks to control shunt active power filters for reducing harmonics. It begins with an abstract describing how neural networks can improve active power filter performance. It then provides background on power harmonics and classifications of active power filters, focusing on shunt active power filters. The key section discusses applications of neural networks in active power filter control, noting advantages like increased speed, robustness, and accuracy. It also reviews design considerations for active power filter controllers and presents figures of a proposed neural network controlled shunt active power filtering system.
A Shunt Active Power Filter for 12 Pulse Converter Using Source Current Detec...IAES-IJPEDS
A shunt Active Power Filter (APF) with current detection at the source side
is considered as a closed-loop system from the view of the whole power
distribution system, which is expected with better harmonics filtering
performance compared with conventional current detection methods such as
load current detection and open loop control. This paper introduces an
efficient source current detection method (direct) control scheme to mitigate
the grid current harmonics generated by the twelve pulse converter. The
proposed system uses Control Rectifier (12 –pulse converter) which
efficiently regulates the DC voltage by varying the angle of each 6 pulse
converter. Moreover, the proposed system uses three winding transformer
which eliminates the harmonics during equal angles switching at each six
pulse converter which in turn simplifies the operation of the SAPF. The
proposed system is simulated in MATLAB SIMULINK to evaluate the
performance of the proposed system.
Power system harmonics are a menace to electric power system with disastrous consequence. Due to the presence of non linear load, power quality of the system gets affected. To overcome this, shunt active power filter have been used near harmonic producing loads or at the point of common coupling to block current harmonics. The shunt active power filter is designed to minimize harmonics in source current and reactive power in the non linear power supplies which are creating harmonics. In this paper, Instantaneous power of p-q theory is employed to generate the reference currents and PI controller is used to control the dc link voltage. In addition to this, Artificial Intelligence (AI) technique is used to minimize the harmonics produced by nonlinear load. The main objective of this paper is to analyze and compare THD of the source current with PI controller and by artificial neural network based back propagation algorithm. The proposed system is designed with MATLAB/SIMULINK environment.
Comparison analysis of shunt active filter and transformerless parallel hybri...csandit
This research work presents the comparison analysis of Shunt Active Filter (SAF) with Parallel
Hybrid Active Filter (PHAF). The performances of SAF and PHAF have been analyzed with PI
controllers based on Synchronous Reference Frame theory. In each case, simulation is carried
out for three phase unbalanced non liner load conditions. The advantages of the designed
system and the proposed current reference calculation methods are verified by simulations
using MATLAB Power system Toolbox.
COMPARISON ANALYSIS OF SHUNT ACTIVE FILTER AND TRANSFORMERLESS PARALLEL HYBRI...cscpconf
This research work presents the comparison analysis of Shunt Active Filter (SAF) with Parallel Hybrid Active Filter (PHAF). The performances of SAF and PHAF have been analyzed with PI controllers based on Synchronous Reference Frame theory. In each case, simulation is carried out for three phase unbalanced non liner load conditions. The advantages of the designed system and the proposed current reference calculation methods are verified by simulations using MATLAB Power system Toolbox.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
journal publishing, how to publish research paper, Call For research paper, international journal, publishing a paper, IJERD, journal of science and technology, how to get a research paper published, publishing a paper, publishing of journal, publishing of research paper, reserach and review articles, IJERD Journal, How to publish your research paper, publish research paper, open access engineering journal, Engineering journal, Mathemetics journal, Physics journal, Chemistry journal, Computer Engineering, Computer Science journal, how to submit your paper, peer reviw journal, indexed journal, reserach and review articles, engineering journal, www.ijerd.com, research journals,
yahoo journals, bing journals, International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, google journals, hard copy of journal
Simulation and Design of SRF based Control Algorithm for Three Phase Shunt Ac...idescitation
Active power filters are effective in mitigating line
current harmonics and compensating for the reactive power
in the line. There are basically two types of Active Power
Filters (APFs): shunt type and series type. Shunt active power
filters (SAPFs) represent the most important and most widely
used filters in industrial purposes, this is due not only to the
fact that eliminate the harmonic current but also they are
suitable for a wide range of power ratings. In this paper,
Synchronous Reference Frame (SRF) theory is employed to
calculate compensating currents while the three phase source
is feeding a highly non-linear load. The main objective is to
study and investigate the performance of Shunt active power
filter using SRF theory. The algorithm is simulated under
M ATLAB
7.8
environment
using
Simulinkand
SimPowerSystems toolbox. The results shown are within the
IEEE Standard 512-1992.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
Enhancement of power quality using microprocessor based shunt active power fi...IJECEIAES
Power quality is the most significant factor of power sector. The end user equipment such as induction motor, inverters, rectifiers inject harmonics into power system that influences the quality of power delivered. The presence of harmonics forces the use of instantaneous reactive power theory to calculate instantaneous power that helps in finding the compensating currents to eliminate harmonics. The control action required by active filter is accomplished by STM32F303RET6 microcontroller. Single phase induction motor is used as a dynamic nonlinear load in one of the three phases and resistive loads on the other two phases. TRIAC based RC triggering circuit was used to control the single phase induction motor. This paper presents the simulation and hardware implementation of shunt active power filter for 3 phase 4 wire unbalanced system. The hardware results show that THD in the source side has been reduced from 50.7% to 9.6% by implementing the SAPF.
Advanced Techniques in Harmonic Suppression via Active Power Filter: A ReviewIJPEDS-IAES
This paper intends to present the recent development of artificial intelligence
(AI) applications in active power filter (APF). As a result of the development
in power electronic technology, (APF) continues to attract ample attention.
Compared with the traditional reactive LC filter, active power filter is
considered to be more effective in compensating harmonic current generated
by nonlinear loads. APF, can correct the power quality and improve the
reliability and stability on power utility. A brief explanation of some
important areas in AI and a comprehensive survey of the literature along the
main categories of AI is presented to introduce the readers into the wideranging
topics that AI encompasses. Plenty of relevant literatures have been
selected in the review, mostly emphasized on better accuracy, robustness,
efficiency, stability and tracking ability of the system.
The compensatation of unbalanced 3 phase currents in transmission systems on ...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
This document describes a predictive approach for power quality improvement using direct power control (Predictive-DPC) for a shunt active power filter (SAPF) system. The proposed Predictive-DPC control calculates the appropriate average voltage vector at each sampling period to cancel errors between the instantaneous active and reactive powers and their references, indirectly forcing the SAPF to generate the compensation current needed. Simulation results show the Predictive-DPC control achieves good steady state and transient performance with high harmonic elimination, regulating active power and maintaining zero reactive power under load variations. A comparative analysis found Predictive-DPC control offers improvements over conventional DPC control for SAPF systems.
A Review On Voltage Regulators Placement In Unbalanced Radial Distribution Sy...paperpublications3
This document summarizes research on optimally placing voltage regulators in unbalanced radial distribution systems. It discusses using particle swarm optimization (PSO) to select voltage regulator locations and tap settings to minimize power losses while maintaining voltage levels. The document reviews several related works that use techniques like PSO, genetic algorithms, and tabu search to determine capacitor and voltage regulator placements. It also presents the methodology of using power loss indices to initially select candidate locations before applying PSO to finalize placements and tap settings. The goal is to improve the voltage profile and reduce losses in distribution systems.
Enhancement for Power Quality in Distribution Side Using Custom Power DevicesIOSR Journals
1) The document discusses enhancing power quality in distribution systems using custom power devices like the Interline Unified Power Quality Conditioner (IUPQC).
2) It proposes using a Synchronous Reference Frame (SRF) control algorithm with a modified Phase Locked Loop (PLL) for generating gate signals to improve the IUPQC's performance under distorted voltage conditions.
3) The SRF method transforms voltage and current signals into rotating dq coordinates to extract fundamental frequency components, while the modified PLL improves determination of positive sequence system voltages for better filtering.
Power Quality Improvement in 3-Φ Power System with Shunt Active filter using ...AI Publications
Research paper focuses on enhancement of the power quality, Harmonic reduction and Reactive power compensation . Power quality problems became the foremost important concern now a days. Active filters with synchronous detection methodologies are vividly employed in distribution system to be sure that the harmonics generated by non-linear loads is reduced and leads to less voltage distortion and leads to lesser power superiority problems. The three physical characteristics that mostly underline the power quality and a power quality issues are Voltage, Current and Frequency. Harmonics is defined as a disturbance demonstrated in current or voltage or frequency waveforms which result in devastation, or failure of final equipment ..This paper examines the control of Shunt Active Power Filter with Synchronous Detection Method . Simulation results using MATLAB SIMULINK demonstrates the application of these methods to the control of Active Power Filter . Moreover, this work shows that how the power quality improvement in 3 phase is done with Synchronous Detection Method .
ER Publication,
IJETR, IJMCTR,
Journals,
International Journals,
High Impact Journals,
Monthly Journal,
Good quality Journals,
Research,
Research Papers,
Research Article,
Free Journals, Open access Journals,
erpublication.org,
Engineering Journal,
Science Journals,
Power Quality Improvement Fuzzy Logical Controlled Based on Cascaded Shunt Ac...IJMTST Journal
Improve its quality and reliability catches growing interest. In this paper, based on the analysis and
modeling of the shunt APF with close-loop control, a feed forward compensation path of load current and also
fuzzy logic control is applied to improve the dynamic performance of the APF.. The two H-bridge cascaded
inverter is used for the aeronautical APF (AAPF). Justifications for topology choosing and corresponding
system control method are given. Furthermore, the global framework and operation principle of the proposed
AAPF are presented in detail. Simulated waveforms in different load conditions indicate the good
performance of the AAPF.
Comparative Study of Three Phase Grid Connected Photovoltaic Inverter Using P...IJPEDS-IAES
A comparative study of three phase grid connected photovoltaic (PV)
inverter using Proportional-Integral (PI) controller and Fuzzy logic controller
(FLC) is presented in this paper. Proposed three phase inverter with single DC
source employing three phase transformer for grid connected PV system
controlled by using space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) technique.
PI and FLC are used as current controller for regulating the current. Perturb and
observe maximum power point technique (MPPT) is used for tracking of
maximum power from the PV panel. Finally total harmonic distortion (THD)
comparison made between two controllers for validation of results.
Furthermore swithing losses of inverter are also presented. The simulation
results are obtained using MATLAB simulink.
Closed Loop Non Linear Control of Shunt Hybrid Power Filter for Harmonics Mit...IAES-IJPEDS
In recent years, the amount of non-linear loads has increased considerably since there were improvements in power electronic equipment (such as adjustable speed drives or converter ac-dc, ac-ac, dc-ac and dc-dc) in industrial sectors which cause deterioration of the quality of the electric power supply through distortion of supply voltage and supply current. This has led to improvement of many stringent needs regarding generation of harmonic current, which are found in IEEE519 and IEC61000 standards. This paper proposes a non-linear function based closed loop control strategy (without load current extraction) for three-phase Shunt Active Power Line Conditioner and LC passive filter to compensate harmonics, power factor improvement and enhance the dynamic performance of Shunt Hybrid Power Filter (SHPF). By using a PI controller the DC bus voltage of the Shunt Active Power Filter is maintained constant. Results obtained from simulation shows the performance of expected hybrid filter in transient and steady state operation . This indicates that the controller is able to compensate even under severe load current imbalances.
report of Improvement of the Electric Power Quality Using Series Active and S...Vikram Rawani
The increase of nonlinear loads due to the proliferation of electronic equipment causes power quality in the power system to deteriorate. Harmonic current drawn from a supply by the nonlinear load results in the distortion of the supply voltage waveform at the point of common coupling (PCC) due to the source impedance. Both distorted current and voltage may cause end-user equipment to malfunction, conductors to overheat and may reduce the efficiency and life expectancy of the equipment connected at the PCC.
IJERD (www.ijerd.com) International Journal of Engineering Research and Devel...IJERD Editor
This document summarizes a research paper on using neural networks to improve the performance of shunt active power filters for harmonic reduction. It discusses how nonlinear loads cause power harmonics and how active filters work to inject compensating currents to reduce harmonics. Neural networks can be used for harmonic detection and current control in active filters to increase processing speed, robustness, and accuracy compared to conventional control methods. The document reviews various active filter configurations and control designs. Simulation results show the neural network approach improves compensation performance by reducing harmonic distortion in source currents.
This dissertation presents research on using an active filter to improve power quality by reducing harmonics from nonlinear loads. The document outlines the objectives, methodology, literature review on active filtering techniques, and simulations of power systems with and without an active filter. Simulation results show the active filter significantly reduces total harmonic distortion at the point of common coupling from 30.34% to 4.54%, demonstrating its effectiveness in mitigating power quality issues caused by nonlinear loads.
IJERD (www.ijerd.com) International Journal of Engineering Research and Devel...IJERD Editor
This document summarizes a research paper on using neural networks to control shunt active power filters for reducing harmonics. It begins with an abstract describing how neural networks can improve active power filter performance. It then provides background on power harmonics and classifications of active power filters, focusing on shunt active power filters. The key section discusses applications of neural networks in active power filter control, noting advantages like increased speed, robustness, and accuracy. It also reviews design considerations for active power filter controllers and presents figures of a proposed neural network controlled shunt active power filtering system.
A Shunt Active Power Filter for 12 Pulse Converter Using Source Current Detec...IAES-IJPEDS
A shunt Active Power Filter (APF) with current detection at the source side
is considered as a closed-loop system from the view of the whole power
distribution system, which is expected with better harmonics filtering
performance compared with conventional current detection methods such as
load current detection and open loop control. This paper introduces an
efficient source current detection method (direct) control scheme to mitigate
the grid current harmonics generated by the twelve pulse converter. The
proposed system uses Control Rectifier (12 –pulse converter) which
efficiently regulates the DC voltage by varying the angle of each 6 pulse
converter. Moreover, the proposed system uses three winding transformer
which eliminates the harmonics during equal angles switching at each six
pulse converter which in turn simplifies the operation of the SAPF. The
proposed system is simulated in MATLAB SIMULINK to evaluate the
performance of the proposed system.
Power system harmonics are a menace to electric power system with disastrous consequence. Due to the presence of non linear load, power quality of the system gets affected. To overcome this, shunt active power filter have been used near harmonic producing loads or at the point of common coupling to block current harmonics. The shunt active power filter is designed to minimize harmonics in source current and reactive power in the non linear power supplies which are creating harmonics. In this paper, Instantaneous power of p-q theory is employed to generate the reference currents and PI controller is used to control the dc link voltage. In addition to this, Artificial Intelligence (AI) technique is used to minimize the harmonics produced by nonlinear load. The main objective of this paper is to analyze and compare THD of the source current with PI controller and by artificial neural network based back propagation algorithm. The proposed system is designed with MATLAB/SIMULINK environment.
Comparison analysis of shunt active filter and transformerless parallel hybri...csandit
This research work presents the comparison analysis of Shunt Active Filter (SAF) with Parallel
Hybrid Active Filter (PHAF). The performances of SAF and PHAF have been analyzed with PI
controllers based on Synchronous Reference Frame theory. In each case, simulation is carried
out for three phase unbalanced non liner load conditions. The advantages of the designed
system and the proposed current reference calculation methods are verified by simulations
using MATLAB Power system Toolbox.
COMPARISON ANALYSIS OF SHUNT ACTIVE FILTER AND TRANSFORMERLESS PARALLEL HYBRI...cscpconf
This research work presents the comparison analysis of Shunt Active Filter (SAF) with Parallel Hybrid Active Filter (PHAF). The performances of SAF and PHAF have been analyzed with PI controllers based on Synchronous Reference Frame theory. In each case, simulation is carried out for three phase unbalanced non liner load conditions. The advantages of the designed system and the proposed current reference calculation methods are verified by simulations using MATLAB Power system Toolbox.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
journal publishing, how to publish research paper, Call For research paper, international journal, publishing a paper, IJERD, journal of science and technology, how to get a research paper published, publishing a paper, publishing of journal, publishing of research paper, reserach and review articles, IJERD Journal, How to publish your research paper, publish research paper, open access engineering journal, Engineering journal, Mathemetics journal, Physics journal, Chemistry journal, Computer Engineering, Computer Science journal, how to submit your paper, peer reviw journal, indexed journal, reserach and review articles, engineering journal, www.ijerd.com, research journals,
yahoo journals, bing journals, International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, google journals, hard copy of journal
Simulation and Design of SRF based Control Algorithm for Three Phase Shunt Ac...idescitation
Active power filters are effective in mitigating line
current harmonics and compensating for the reactive power
in the line. There are basically two types of Active Power
Filters (APFs): shunt type and series type. Shunt active power
filters (SAPFs) represent the most important and most widely
used filters in industrial purposes, this is due not only to the
fact that eliminate the harmonic current but also they are
suitable for a wide range of power ratings. In this paper,
Synchronous Reference Frame (SRF) theory is employed to
calculate compensating currents while the three phase source
is feeding a highly non-linear load. The main objective is to
study and investigate the performance of Shunt active power
filter using SRF theory. The algorithm is simulated under
M ATLAB
7.8
environment
using
Simulinkand
SimPowerSystems toolbox. The results shown are within the
IEEE Standard 512-1992.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
Enhancement of power quality using microprocessor based shunt active power fi...IJECEIAES
Power quality is the most significant factor of power sector. The end user equipment such as induction motor, inverters, rectifiers inject harmonics into power system that influences the quality of power delivered. The presence of harmonics forces the use of instantaneous reactive power theory to calculate instantaneous power that helps in finding the compensating currents to eliminate harmonics. The control action required by active filter is accomplished by STM32F303RET6 microcontroller. Single phase induction motor is used as a dynamic nonlinear load in one of the three phases and resistive loads on the other two phases. TRIAC based RC triggering circuit was used to control the single phase induction motor. This paper presents the simulation and hardware implementation of shunt active power filter for 3 phase 4 wire unbalanced system. The hardware results show that THD in the source side has been reduced from 50.7% to 9.6% by implementing the SAPF.
Advanced Techniques in Harmonic Suppression via Active Power Filter: A ReviewIJPEDS-IAES
This paper intends to present the recent development of artificial intelligence
(AI) applications in active power filter (APF). As a result of the development
in power electronic technology, (APF) continues to attract ample attention.
Compared with the traditional reactive LC filter, active power filter is
considered to be more effective in compensating harmonic current generated
by nonlinear loads. APF, can correct the power quality and improve the
reliability and stability on power utility. A brief explanation of some
important areas in AI and a comprehensive survey of the literature along the
main categories of AI is presented to introduce the readers into the wideranging
topics that AI encompasses. Plenty of relevant literatures have been
selected in the review, mostly emphasized on better accuracy, robustness,
efficiency, stability and tracking ability of the system.
The compensatation of unbalanced 3 phase currents in transmission systems on ...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
This document describes a predictive approach for power quality improvement using direct power control (Predictive-DPC) for a shunt active power filter (SAPF) system. The proposed Predictive-DPC control calculates the appropriate average voltage vector at each sampling period to cancel errors between the instantaneous active and reactive powers and their references, indirectly forcing the SAPF to generate the compensation current needed. Simulation results show the Predictive-DPC control achieves good steady state and transient performance with high harmonic elimination, regulating active power and maintaining zero reactive power under load variations. A comparative analysis found Predictive-DPC control offers improvements over conventional DPC control for SAPF systems.
A Review On Voltage Regulators Placement In Unbalanced Radial Distribution Sy...paperpublications3
This document summarizes research on optimally placing voltage regulators in unbalanced radial distribution systems. It discusses using particle swarm optimization (PSO) to select voltage regulator locations and tap settings to minimize power losses while maintaining voltage levels. The document reviews several related works that use techniques like PSO, genetic algorithms, and tabu search to determine capacitor and voltage regulator placements. It also presents the methodology of using power loss indices to initially select candidate locations before applying PSO to finalize placements and tap settings. The goal is to improve the voltage profile and reduce losses in distribution systems.
Enhancement for Power Quality in Distribution Side Using Custom Power DevicesIOSR Journals
1) The document discusses enhancing power quality in distribution systems using custom power devices like the Interline Unified Power Quality Conditioner (IUPQC).
2) It proposes using a Synchronous Reference Frame (SRF) control algorithm with a modified Phase Locked Loop (PLL) for generating gate signals to improve the IUPQC's performance under distorted voltage conditions.
3) The SRF method transforms voltage and current signals into rotating dq coordinates to extract fundamental frequency components, while the modified PLL improves determination of positive sequence system voltages for better filtering.
Power Quality Improvement in 3-Φ Power System with Shunt Active filter using ...AI Publications
Research paper focuses on enhancement of the power quality, Harmonic reduction and Reactive power compensation . Power quality problems became the foremost important concern now a days. Active filters with synchronous detection methodologies are vividly employed in distribution system to be sure that the harmonics generated by non-linear loads is reduced and leads to less voltage distortion and leads to lesser power superiority problems. The three physical characteristics that mostly underline the power quality and a power quality issues are Voltage, Current and Frequency. Harmonics is defined as a disturbance demonstrated in current or voltage or frequency waveforms which result in devastation, or failure of final equipment ..This paper examines the control of Shunt Active Power Filter with Synchronous Detection Method . Simulation results using MATLAB SIMULINK demonstrates the application of these methods to the control of Active Power Filter . Moreover, this work shows that how the power quality improvement in 3 phase is done with Synchronous Detection Method .
ER Publication,
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Power Quality Improvement Fuzzy Logical Controlled Based on Cascaded Shunt Ac...IJMTST Journal
Improve its quality and reliability catches growing interest. In this paper, based on the analysis and
modeling of the shunt APF with close-loop control, a feed forward compensation path of load current and also
fuzzy logic control is applied to improve the dynamic performance of the APF.. The two H-bridge cascaded
inverter is used for the aeronautical APF (AAPF). Justifications for topology choosing and corresponding
system control method are given. Furthermore, the global framework and operation principle of the proposed
AAPF are presented in detail. Simulated waveforms in different load conditions indicate the good
performance of the AAPF.
Comparative Study of Three Phase Grid Connected Photovoltaic Inverter Using P...IJPEDS-IAES
A comparative study of three phase grid connected photovoltaic (PV)
inverter using Proportional-Integral (PI) controller and Fuzzy logic controller
(FLC) is presented in this paper. Proposed three phase inverter with single DC
source employing three phase transformer for grid connected PV system
controlled by using space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) technique.
PI and FLC are used as current controller for regulating the current. Perturb and
observe maximum power point technique (MPPT) is used for tracking of
maximum power from the PV panel. Finally total harmonic distortion (THD)
comparison made between two controllers for validation of results.
Furthermore swithing losses of inverter are also presented. The simulation
results are obtained using MATLAB simulink.
Closed Loop Non Linear Control of Shunt Hybrid Power Filter for Harmonics Mit...IAES-IJPEDS
In recent years, the amount of non-linear loads has increased considerably since there were improvements in power electronic equipment (such as adjustable speed drives or converter ac-dc, ac-ac, dc-ac and dc-dc) in industrial sectors which cause deterioration of the quality of the electric power supply through distortion of supply voltage and supply current. This has led to improvement of many stringent needs regarding generation of harmonic current, which are found in IEEE519 and IEC61000 standards. This paper proposes a non-linear function based closed loop control strategy (without load current extraction) for three-phase Shunt Active Power Line Conditioner and LC passive filter to compensate harmonics, power factor improvement and enhance the dynamic performance of Shunt Hybrid Power Filter (SHPF). By using a PI controller the DC bus voltage of the Shunt Active Power Filter is maintained constant. Results obtained from simulation shows the performance of expected hybrid filter in transient and steady state operation . This indicates that the controller is able to compensate even under severe load current imbalances.
report of Improvement of the Electric Power Quality Using Series Active and S...Vikram Rawani
The increase of nonlinear loads due to the proliferation of electronic equipment causes power quality in the power system to deteriorate. Harmonic current drawn from a supply by the nonlinear load results in the distortion of the supply voltage waveform at the point of common coupling (PCC) due to the source impedance. Both distorted current and voltage may cause end-user equipment to malfunction, conductors to overheat and may reduce the efficiency and life expectancy of the equipment connected at the PCC.
IJERD (www.ijerd.com) International Journal of Engineering Research and Devel...IJERD Editor
This document summarizes a research paper on using neural networks to improve the performance of shunt active power filters for harmonic reduction. It discusses how nonlinear loads cause power harmonics and how active filters work to inject compensating currents to reduce harmonics. Neural networks can be used for harmonic detection and current control in active filters to increase processing speed, robustness, and accuracy compared to conventional control methods. The document reviews various active filter configurations and control designs. Simulation results show the neural network approach improves compensation performance by reducing harmonic distortion in source currents.
This dissertation presents research on using an active filter to improve power quality by reducing harmonics from nonlinear loads. The document outlines the objectives, methodology, literature review on active filtering techniques, and simulations of power systems with and without an active filter. Simulation results show the active filter significantly reduces total harmonic distortion at the point of common coupling from 30.34% to 4.54%, demonstrating its effectiveness in mitigating power quality issues caused by nonlinear loads.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research (IJCER) is dedicated to protecting personal information and will make every reasonable effort to handle collected information appropriately. All information collected, as well as related requests, will be handled as carefully and efficiently as possible in accordance with IJCER standards for integrity and objectivity.
In This paper we present experimental comparative study of feedBack Linearized and Proportional Integral (PI) Controller of the DC bus voltage of three phase shunt Active Power Filter (APF). The FeedBack Linearized and PI controllers are introduced to improve tracking performance characteristics, power quality and minimized consumption of the reactive power. The algorithm used to identify the reference currents is based on the Self Tuning Filter (STF). The firing pulses of the IGBTs inverter are generated using a hysteresis current controller; which is implemented on an analogue card. Finally, the above study, under steady state and transient conditions, is illustrated with signal-flow graphs and corresponding analysis. This study was verified by experimental tests on hardware prototype based on dSPACE-1104. The experimental results show the feasibility and the effectiveness of the designed active filter, associated with Feedback Linearized and PI controllers and are capability in meeting the IEEE 519-1992 recommended harmonic standard limits.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Power System Harmonic Compensation Using Shunt Active Power FilterIJERA Editor
This paper shows the method of improving the power quality using shunt active power filter. The proposedtopic comprises of PI controller, filter hysteresis current control loop, dc link capacitor. The switching signal generation for filter is fromhysteresis current controller techniques. With the all these element shunt active power filter reduce the total harmonic distortion. Thispaper represents the simulation and analysis of the using three phase three wire system active filter to compensate harmonics .Theproposed shunt active filter model uses balanced non-linear load. This paper successfully lowers the THD within IEEE norms and satisfactorily works to compensatecurrent harmonics.
PI and fuzzy logic controllers for shunt active power filterISA Interchange
This paper presents a shunt Active Power Filter (APF) for power quality improvements in terms of harmonics and reactive power compensation in the distribution network. The compensation process is based only on source current extraction that reduces the number of sensors as well as its complexity. A Proportional Integral (PI) or Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) is used to extract the required reference current from the distorted line-current, and this controls the DC-side capacitor voltage of the inverter. The shunt APF is implemented with PWM-current controlled Voltage Source Inverter (VSI) and the switching patterns are generated through a novel Adaptive-Fuzzy Hysteresis Current Controller (A-F-HCC). The proposed adaptive-fuzzy-HCC is compared with fixed-HCC and adaptive-HCC techniques and the superior features of this novel approach are established. The FLC based shunt APF system is validated through extensive simulation for diode-rectifier/R–L loads.
IRJET-Harmonic Elimination in Three Phase System by Means of a Shunt Active F...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper on using a shunt active power filter to eliminate harmonics in a three-phase power system. The paper introduces the problem of harmonics produced by non-linear loads distorting current and voltage waveforms. It then discusses passive and active harmonic filtering techniques, focusing on the shunt active power filter. Key control strategies for the shunt active filter are described, including the p-q theory method and d-q synchronous reference frame method. The document provides mathematical models of these control methods and presents simulation results demonstrating harmonic elimination using a shunt active power filter in MATLAB/Simulink.
T Source Inverter Based Shunt Active Filter with LCL Passive Filter for the 4...IJPEDS-IAES
The inverter topology is being used as an active filter to reduce the
harmonics in the power system. The traditional voltage source or current
source inverters are having the disadvantages of limited output voltage range
hence it may not be able to supply enough compensating currents during
heavy switching surges, Vulnerable to EMI noise and the devices gets
damaged in either open or short circuit conditions and the main switching
device of VSI and CSI are not interchangeable. The active filters are the type
of DC-AC system with wide range of voltage regulation and integration of
energy storages is often required. This cannot be achieved with conventional
inverters and hence the impedance source inverters have been suggested. The
T source inverters are basically impedance source inverters which can be
used as an active filter in the power system. The MATLAB simulation is
done and the results are discussed in this paper for both the types. The
proposed dampening system is fully characterized by LCL based passive
filters and T source inverter based shunt active filter. The disturbances in the
supply voltage and load current due to the non linear loads are observed in
the simulation. The same is studied after connecting the designed hybrid
shunt active filter in the distribution system. The simulation results obtained
from the proposed method proves that it gives comparatively better THD
value.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
Design of shunt hybrid active power filter for compensating harmonic currents...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
This document summarizes a research paper that designed a shunt hybrid active power filter to compensate for harmonic currents and reactive power in electrical systems. The hybrid filter combines a passive power filter and active power filter in a shunt configuration. It uses several control methods, including p-q theory, PI controllers, and hysteresis current control, to extract reference compensation currents and regulate the DC bus voltage. Simulation results in MATLAB/Simulink showed the filter can reduce total harmonic distortion below 5% according to IEEE standards and improve the power factor by compensating reactive power. The hybrid filter aims to overcome limitations of previous filter designs by providing effective harmonic mitigation while avoiding issues like resonance or high costs.
A New Topology for Power Quality Improvement using 3-Phase 4-Wire UPQC with R...IJMTST Journal
This document discusses a new topology for a Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) with a reduced DC-link voltage rating. The UPQC uses a series inverter to perform simultaneous voltage sag/swell compensation and load reactive power sharing with a shunt inverter. The control approach integrates active power control for sag/swell compensation with power angle control to coordinate reactive power between the inverters. Simulation results using MATLAB/SIMULINK support the new UPQC concept. Finally, the proposed UPQC topology is validated through simulation.
Mitigation of Harmonic Current through Hybrid Power Filter in Single Phase Re...IDES Editor
This document discusses a proposed hybrid power filter for harmonics and reactive power compensation in a single-phase rectifier system. The hybrid power filter combines a passive filter and active power filter. The passive filter is tuned to compensate for the 3rd and 5th order harmonics, while the active power filter compensates for the remaining harmonic components not addressed by the passive filter. This allows for a reduction in the rating and size of the active power filter components. The effectiveness of the hybrid power filter configuration is demonstrated through simulation results showing reduced harmonic distortion in the source current and improved power factor.
Adaptive Fuzzy PID Based Control Strategy For 3Phase 4Wire Shunt Active Filte...IJERA Editor
The document presents a new control strategy for controlling a shunt active power filter to compensate for reactive power and reduce current harmonics in a grid connected to a renewable energy based distribution system. The proposed control strategy uses a fuzzy PID controller to determine the reference compensating currents for a three-phase shunt active power filter. Simulations in MATLAB/Simulink show that the controller has fast dynamic response, accurately tracks the DC voltage reference, and is robust to load parameter variations. The fuzzy PID controller hybridizes classical PID and fuzzy control to exploit the benefits of both.
Distribution Static Synchronous Compensator (DSTATCOM) is a shunt compensating device which is used
to improve current profile by exchanging of reactive power with unbalanced and nonlinear load. DSTATCOM is a
shunt compensating device used for power quality improvement in distribution systems. Relevant solutions are
applied for harmonics, fluctuation of voltage, voltage deviation, unbalance of three phase voltage and current and
frequency deviation. Different controlling schemes such as Phase Control Method (PCM), Fryze Power Theory
(FPT), Synchronous Reference Frame Theory (SRFT) and Instantaneous Reactive Power Theory (IRPT) are used
for reactive power compensation with the help of Voltage source Inverter (VSI). In this project we are going to
balance the source current using different control schemes. The results of different source currents are compared
with a different control schemes in terms of active and reactive power and in terms of Total Harmonic Distortion
(THD) for nonlinear load using Fryze Power Theory (FPT) and Instantaneous Reactive Power Theory (IRPT).
Reference currents are generated by the different control schemes have been dynamically traced in a hysteresis
current controller. The performance of DSTATCOM for different control schemes is validated for load balancing
and harmonic elimination by using simulation models in MATLAB/SIMULINK
IRJET- Review: Active Power Filtering Techniques for Power SystemIRJET Journal
This document reviews active power filtering techniques for power systems. It begins with an abstract that defines active filters as power electronic circuits that use power switches and passive elements like inductors and capacitors to control current harmonics and reactive power. It then provides an introduction that discusses the increasing use of distributed generation and renewable energy sources integrating with grids, which can cause power quality issues. The document then describes different active power filtering techniques in detail, including shunt active power filters, series active power filters, and unified power quality conditioners. It reviews several specific techniques reported in other research publications that use active power filters with photovoltaic systems, neural networks based control, and nonlinear inductance modeling.
The Shunt Active Power Filter to Compensate Reactive Power and Harmonics with...ijtsrd
In this paper is to study the denomination Power quality and large refers to maintaining a proximal sinusoidal power distribution bus voltage at rated magnitude and frequency. This is mainly affected by the generation of harmonics. Even though electronic and non-linear devices are flexible, economical and energy efficient, they may degrade power quality by creating harmonic currents and consuming excessive reactive power. This paper shows the method of improving the power quality using shunt active power filter with proposed optimized PI. The proposed topic comprises of PI controller, filter hysteresis current control loop, dc link capacitor. The switching signal generation for filter is from hysteresis current controller techniques. With the all these element shunt active power filter reduce the total harmonic distortion. Its source current, compensating current and THD values are studied, then PI control strategy is applied then the differences in THD are compared. The PI feedback compensation design starts with the small signal system' transfer function. Then an optimum constant of PI for a Shunt-APF is proposed and implemented to enhance its response to compensation of harmonics of linear and non-linear loads. The obtained results have demonstrated the ability to compensate the current harmonics effectively under distorted source conditions. The fluctuation in the dc bus voltage of the filter depends on the compensation speed of the outer loop that regulates the dc bus voltage. The proposed shunt active filter model uses balanced linear and non-linear load works successfully lowers the THD within IEEE norms and satisfactorily works to compensate current harmonics. The model is made in MATLAB SIMULINK and successfully reduces the harmonic in the source current. Mr. Amit Kumar Rajan | Dr. E Vijay Kumar"The Shunt Active Power Filter to Compensate Reactive Power and Harmonics with optimized PI controller in a 3 Phase 3 Wire Distribution System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-5 , August 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd18196.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/18196/the-shunt-active-power-filter-to-compensate-reactive-power-and-harmonics-with-optimized-pi-controller-in-a-3-phase-3-wire-distribution-system/mr-amit-kumar-rajan
Comparison of Two Compensation Control Strategies for Shunt Active Power Filt...ijtsrd
Use of nonlinear loads has been increased in large extent in industries now-a-days which injects harmonic currents in supply system. These harmonics creates power quality issue. Shunt Active Power Filter (SAPF) is the popular and efficient solution to reduce these harmonics. SAPF can overcome voltage sag, eliminate harmonics and improves power factor. SAPF reduces total harmonic distortion (THD) to acceptable level. Reference current generation is the heart of APF. Reference current generation using instantaneous reactive power (IRP) theory is presented in this paper. IRP theory is widely used to control active power filters (APFs). Modeling of this technique is implemented in MATLABsimulink. The system is experimentally implemented using DS1104 card of d SPACE system. Mr. Amit Kumar Rajan | Dr. E Vijay Kumar"Comparison of Two Compensation Control Strategies for Shunt Active Power Filter in three Systems" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-5 , August 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd18198.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/18198/comparison-of-two-compensation-control-strategies-for-shunt-active-power-filter-in-three-systems/mr-amit-kumar-rajan
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
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NOVEL CONTROL STRATEGIES FOR DISTRIBUTED ACTIVE FILTER
1. Electrical and Electronics Engineering: An International Journal (ELELIJ) Vol 2, No 1, February 2013
45
NOVEL CONTROL STRATEGIES FOR
DISTRIBUTED ACTIVE FILTER
Sakshi Bangia1
,P.R.Sharma3
and Maneesha Garg2
1,2
Department of Electrical Engineering, YMCA University of Science and Technology,
Faridabad, Haryana
sakshibangia@gmail.com1, prsharma1966@gmail.com2
3
Department of Humanities of Applied Science, YMCA University of Science and
Technology
garg_maneesha@yahoo.com3
ABSTRACT
This paper describes the implementation of Distributed Active Filters (DAFs). To share the workload of
harmonic filtering, several Active Filter Units (AFUs) are placed on different locations which can perform
the harmonic filtering without a direct communication. Different configurations of DAFs are described and
are implemented using MATLAB /Simpower system Toolbox environment to observe their performances
and comparison.
KEYWORDS
Distributed Active Filters (DAFs), Power Quality, Total Harmonic Distortion
1. INTRODUCTION
Most of the pollution issues created in power systems are due to the non-linear characteristics and
fast switching of power electronic equipment. Distribution system locates the end of power
system and is connected to the customer directly, so the power quality mainly depends on
distribution system. The reason behind this is that electrical distribution networks failures account
for major portion, just due to customer interruption. Conventionally these problems are solved by
passive L-C filters. But these L-C filters introduce tuning, aging, resonance problems and
these filters are large in size and are suited for fixed harmonic compensation. . Moreover,
the passive filter acts as a sink to the harmonics of the source voltage, because it presents
impedance at specific harmonic frequencies lower than that of the load impedance. Finally, the
compensation characteristics of passive filters are influenced by the source impedance, which is
not usually known accurately and depends on the instantaneous configuration of the power
network.
Recently active power line conditioners (APLC) or active power filters (APF) have been
developed to solve these problems basically designed for compensating the current-harmonics
and reactive power simultaneously to improve power quality [1]. Most of the active filters
developed are based on sensing harmonics and reactive Volt-Ampere requirements of the
non-linear load [2-3].and require complex control. Among which shunt active power filter is used
to eliminate load current harmonics and reactive power compensation. The shunt-connected
active power filter, with a self-controlled dc bus, has a topology similar to that of a static
compensator (STATCOM) used for reactive power compensation in power transmission
2. Electrical and Electronics Engineering: An International Journal (ELELIJ) Vol 2, No 1, February 2013
46
systems. Shunt active power filters compensate load current harmonics by injecting equal-but
opposite harmonic compensating current.
In this case the shunt active power filter operates as a current source injecting the harmonic
components generated by the load but phase-shifted by 180°. Many harmonic extraction
techniques are available, and their responses have been explored. Proposed techniques include
traditional d−q [4] and p−q theory [5] based approaches and application of adaptive filters [6],
Wavelet [7], Genetic Algorithm (GA), Artificial Neural Network (ANN), etc., for quick
estimation of the compensating current [8].
A Distributed Active Filter system (DAFS) has been proposed to suppress harmonic distortion in
the power system as shown in figure 1 [9].The paper describes the analysis of parallel three phase
active power filters in three main different configurations to solve the problems of capacity
enlargement and load unbalance compensation encountered by the shunt APF.
Fig1: Distributed Active Filter System
2. PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
The Increasing numbers of harmonic or sensitive loads are leading to more Active Power Filter
(APF) application. Similarly, parallel operation of APFs and their control strategies are
being given more emphasis for compensating high levels of harmonic and reactive current
in the distribution network.[10]
Shunt active power filter is controlled to draw/supply a compensating current from / to the utility,
so that it cancels current harmonics on the AC side, and makes the source current in phase with
the source voltage. The load current waveform, the desired mains current and compensating
current injected by the active filter containing all the harmonics, to make mains current
sinusoidal [11]. The synchronous reference frame theory or d-q theory is based on time-domain is
used for reference signal estimation. The objective of controlling methods and connection
topologies for Distributed Active Filter (DAFs) is divided in to following [12].
2.1. Central Controller Mode
In this mode compensation of distorted source current is done through multiple shunt Active
Filter Units (AFUs), connected parallel to different loads causing distortion. As shown in figure 2
all the AFUs are controlled by a central controller which will track the average inverter current
required. This mode exhibits the advantage of low switching losses. The main disadvantage is the
malfunction of any inverter will cause erroneous compensation due to the generation of a current
command which is not independent of other inverters. Addition of another load in the line needs
3. Electrical and Electronics Engineering: An International Journal (ELELIJ) Vol 2, No 1, February 2013
47
again and again tuning of the controller to compensate for change in current harmonics and
reactive power compensation.
.
Fig 2 Central Controller Mode.
2.2. Common Dc-Link control
Another configuration of the connection topology of Distributed Active Filter System (DAFS) is
the Common DC Link Control. In this configuration Dc link capacitor of the all the Active Filter
Units are common. The advantage of this topology is the reduction in the cost of the
capacitors/system but design complexity of hardware increases. Common DC- Link Control is
shown in figure 3.
Fig 3 Common DC- Link Control.
2.3. Capacity Limitation Control
The In this mode multiple AFUs can operate independently and compensate the load harmonic
current according to its own capacity-limitation. Also an individual control circuit is used for each
inverter. Capacity Limitation Control is shown in figure 4. The output current of each APF is
optimized in such a way that the APF with large capacity compensates more current and the one
with small capacity compensates less current. Each APF only has to compensate the harmonic
component left by the previous APF on its load side. The main advantage is its easy maintenance
and installation and high flexibility, reliability due to no control interconnection and reduced
4. Electrical and Electronics Engineering: An International Journal (ELELIJ) Vol 2, No 1, February 2013
48
power capacity demand of APFs. The main disadvantage is that the APF modules are not
identical and therefore replacement requires a similar one.
Fig 4 Capacity Limitation Control
3. SIMULATION RESULTS
Simulations are performed for implementing Distributed Active Filters configurations using
MATLAB SimPower system Toolbox. The parameters of the simulated system are shown in
Table 1.
The Synchronous Reference Frame or d-q control theory is used to calculate the reference source
currents. PCC voltages, load currents and the dc bus voltage of Active Filter are sensed and
Hysteresis control is used to generate gating signals. The performances of the Distributed Active
Filter Systems are analysed for all the three configurations.
.
3.1. Performance of DAFs using Central Controller Mode
Initially load1 is connected to the three phase source having THD of phase ‘a’ current waveform
of load1 is 4.50% as shown in fig 5.
Fig 5 THD of phase’a’ current waveform of load1 without filtering.
5. Electrical and Electronics Engineering: An International Journal (ELELIJ) Vol 2, No 1, February 2013
49
Then at t=0.4s load 2 is also connected which is a non linear load Hence THD of phase ‘a’ current
waveform becomes 13.70% shown in figure 6. Performances of source voltage, source
current,load1 current,load2 current, filter1 current and filter2 current without filtering are shown
in figure 7.
Initially THD of current waveform of load 1 is less than 5% which is within the limits of IEEE
std-519.As soon as it crosses this limits, the proposed strategy can be integrated. With the THD
sensor, used to check the harmonics distortion of the line current controls the switching of the
Active Filters. The distributed active Filters are an effective solution by deploying multiple shunt
active filter units (AFUs) in the system to enhance its filtering performance. Based on the
measured current harmonic distortion at source current point, each AFU can dynamically adjust
its own filtering to maintain the filters and thus filter performance is appreciated settling the
source current harmonics to 3.18%.
Fig 6: THD of phase ‘a’ current waveform of load2 without filtering
Fig 7 Source Voltage, Source Current, Load1 Current, Load2 Current, Filter1 Current and Filter2 Current
without filtering
6. Electrical and Electronics Engineering: An International Journal (ELELIJ) Vol 2, No 1, February 2013
50
.
Fig 8 Source Voltage, Source Current, Load1 Current, Load2 Current, Filter1 Current and Filter2 Current
with filtering.
Fig. 8 shows the performances of source voltage, source current,load1 current,load2 current, filter
1 current and filter 2 current with filtering. PI controllers in d-q frame control strategy, used in
implementing the central controllers can also be tuned to compensate for reactive power
compensation.
Reactive power is compensated after t=0.4 as figure 9 shows the reactive power compensation
between load and source. Figure 10 THD of source current phase ‘a’ with filtering using central
controller mode.
Fig 9 Reactive Power Compensation between load(blue) and source(green)
7. Electrical and Electronics Engineering: An International Journal (ELELIJ) Vol 2, No 1, February 2013
51
3.2. Performance of DAFs Using Common Dc link Control mode
The performance of common Dc link can be analyzed by making the Dc link capacitor common
to of all the active filters . It can be seen that THD of source current phase ‘a’ are reduced to
4.42% as compared to load current as shown in figure 11.The figure 12 showing Source Voltage,
Source Current, Load1 Current, Load2 Current, Filter 1 Current and Filter 2 Current using
Common DC- Link Control.
Figure: 10 THD of source current phase ‘a’ with filtering using Central Controller Mode
Figure: 11 THD of source current phase ‘a’ with filtering using Common DC- Link Control
8. Electrical and Electronics Engineering: An International Journal (ELELIJ) Vol 2, No 1, February 2013
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Figure: 12 Source Voltage, Source Current, Load1 Current, Load2 Current, Filter 1 Current and Filter 2
Current using Common DC- Link Control
3.3 Performance of DAFs using Capacity Limitation Control Mode
The performance of DAFs in Capacity Limitation Control mode is same as analyzing the each
load and its associated active filter unit as an separate distribution system with active filter
connected in shunt.
4. CONCLUSION
In this work Distributed Active Filters configurations are implemented and analyzed that DAFs
are good for load sharing between the filters. Central Controller Mode proves to more effective
than Common Dc link Control. As it needs to tune the PI controller of only its Active Filter Unit
for the newly added load and do not disturb the tuning and the functioning of other AFUs. But in
Common Dc-link Controller mode tuning of Active Filter Unit are needed whenever there is
addition of load making the filtering process more cumbersome. Thus it is concluded that the
proposed strategies can effectively controls the working of active filters whenever needed.
Moreover they can be implemented such that filtering does not depend on grid condition or the
voltage harmonic distortion. Hence good stability and reliability, ease maintenance and
Installation and reduction in the hardware design complexity are its more advantageous features.
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Authors
Sakshi Bangia received the B.Tech degree in Instrumentation and Control from MDU
Rohtak and M.Tech degree in Electrical Engg. from YMCA UST in 2004 and 2006,
respectively. . She is pursuing Ph.D in Power Quality from Maharishi Dayanand
University, India. Presently she is working as Assistant Professor in Electrical
Engineering Department at YMCA UST Faridabad.
Dr. P.R.Sharma was born in 1966 in India. He is currently working as Head of the
Department in Electrical Engg. in YMCA University of Science and Technology,
Faridabad. He received his B.E Electrical Engineering in 1988 from Punjab University
Chandigarh, M.Tech in Electrical Engineering (Power System) from Regional
Engineering College Kurukshetra in 1990 and Ph.D from M.D.University Rohtak in
2005. He started his carrier from industry. He has vast experience in the industry and
teaching. His area of interest is Optimal location and coordinated control of FACTS
devices ,power system stability and control.
Dr.Maneesha Garg did her Ph.D(Physics) in 2002 from Kurukshetra University, India.
After that she worked as Research Associate granted by CSIR, in NIT Kurukshetra for 4
years. She has 18 publications in national, international journals and more than 30 papers
in conferences to her credit. Presently she is working as Assistant Professor in Humanities
and Applied Science Department, YMCA UST, Faridabad and guiding 4 scholars for their
research work.