This document discusses a new topology for a Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) with a reduced DC-link voltage rating. The UPQC uses a series inverter to perform simultaneous voltage sag/swell compensation and load reactive power sharing with a shunt inverter. The control approach integrates active power control for sag/swell compensation with power angle control to coordinate reactive power between the inverters. Simulation results using MATLAB/SIMULINK support the new UPQC concept. Finally, the proposed UPQC topology is validated through simulation.
Distribution Static Synchronous Compensator (DSTATCOM) is a shunt compensating device which is used
to improve current profile by exchanging of reactive power with unbalanced and nonlinear load. DSTATCOM is a
shunt compensating device used for power quality improvement in distribution systems. Relevant solutions are
applied for harmonics, fluctuation of voltage, voltage deviation, unbalance of three phase voltage and current and
frequency deviation. Different controlling schemes such as Phase Control Method (PCM), Fryze Power Theory
(FPT), Synchronous Reference Frame Theory (SRFT) and Instantaneous Reactive Power Theory (IRPT) are used
for reactive power compensation with the help of Voltage source Inverter (VSI). In this project we are going to
balance the source current using different control schemes. The results of different source currents are compared
with a different control schemes in terms of active and reactive power and in terms of Total Harmonic Distortion
(THD) for nonlinear load using Fryze Power Theory (FPT) and Instantaneous Reactive Power Theory (IRPT).
Reference currents are generated by the different control schemes have been dynamically traced in a hysteresis
current controller. The performance of DSTATCOM for different control schemes is validated for load balancing
and harmonic elimination by using simulation models in MATLAB/SIMULINK
POWER STABILITY ANALYSIS OF A TRANSMISSION SYSTEM WITH A UNIFIED POWER FLOW C...IJITE
The unified power quality conditioner is the equipment used for regulated voltage distortion and voltage
unbalance in a power system. UPFC can enhance the power to flow through the transmission system by
controlling the power flow and voltage stability of the transmission line within their limits. This paper
presents a control scheme and Theoretical derivation of the unified power flow conditioner and the
simulation results are compared and contrasted in detail. UPFC is a combination of shunt Active and
series active power filters. UPFC contains a DC link capacitor in a single-phase voltage source inverter
with two back to back connected, three-phase three-wire and three-phase four-wire are arranged. The
fundamental target of this work is to determine the causes and impacts of power quality problems,
specifically voltage sag, voltage swell, power factor, and Total Harmonics Distortion (THD) and enhance
the power quality of a transmission system by UPFC based Transformative Intrinsic Algorithm (TIA). The
Simulation of the proposed method is developed by Mat lab Simulink software, and the simulation result
shows, the proposed method gives better solutions to control the power imbalance in the distribution
system with its cost-effectiveness.
Mitigation Unbalance Nonlinear Loads and Dissimilar Line Currents Using Shunt...INFOGAIN PUBLICATION
Power quality has grown from obscurity to a major issue in last ten years. The new technologies lead to great demand of power electronic devices that leads to a distortion the quality of voltages and currents of power system in other hand many sensitive loads need a high degree of power quality thus it is important to have the suitable solutions. Several researches and studies regarding the power quality and tray to solve the problems of nonlinear loads regarding a union case of a balance three phase and similarity of line currents, while in fact the unbalance and dissimilar cases are the prevailing cases. This paper proposed a new controller method for compensating unbalance nonlinear loads and dissimilar in line currents as well as eliminate the negative and zero sequence components of line currents using SAPF. Also the proposed control method is compared with a will known method used for compensating nonlinear loads in many researches known as instantaneous power pq theory. Finally, fuzzy logic control is used to optimize the performance of the compensator.
Generalized Unified Power Quality Conditioner UPQC System with an Improved Co...ijtsrd
This paper deals with the power quality condition which is the integration of the series active and shunt active filter the main concept is that while considering the harmonic distortion or the voltage mitigation problem of the device UPQC usually compensate various element of the power system which has a negative impact on the system by eliminating it UPQC is a reliable device due to its nominal cost and fast response with low error handing capabilities. Whenever we consider any transmission and distribution system there are many electrical loads which are very important for the facing of the voltage variation .This paper present a novel method through which we will developing a control method for shunt active filter and PQ theory based control technique for series active filter to compensate power problem in a 3 phase four wire UPQC .The purpose UPQC will improve the power quality of power distribution system under balanced and distorted load condition. The control scheme used is the hysteresis voltage controller by using a b c to d q transformation. Shraddha Bele | Pratik Ghutke ""Generalized Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) System with an Improved Control Method Under Distorted and Unbalanced Load Conditions"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-4 , June 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23659.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/23659/generalized-unified-power-quality-conditioner-upqc-system-with-an-improved-control-method-under-distorted-and-unbalanced-load-conditions/shraddha-bele
Improvement of Power Quality by using Injection Super Capacitor UPQC for BLDC...IJMTST Journal
This paper presents the operation of unified power quality conditioner (UPQC) as a universal active power
conditioning device to mitigate both current as well as voltage distortions at a distribution end of power
system network. The UPQC is designed by combining a series active power filter and shunt active power filter
which shares a common DC link capacitor and series active filter mitigate the voltage related harmonics in
power supply side and shunt active filters are mitigate the current related harmonics of non linear loads.
UPQC mitigate the harmonics and other harmonic sensitive loads. Among from them unified power quality
conditioner was widely studied by different controllers and we applied to BLDC motor for updating of load
characteristics that improve the power quality in distribution side.
report of Improvement of the Electric Power Quality Using Series Active and S...Vikram Rawani
The increase of nonlinear loads due to the proliferation of electronic equipment causes power quality in the power system to deteriorate. Harmonic current drawn from a supply by the nonlinear load results in the distortion of the supply voltage waveform at the point of common coupling (PCC) due to the source impedance. Both distorted current and voltage may cause end-user equipment to malfunction, conductors to overheat and may reduce the efficiency and life expectancy of the equipment connected at the PCC.
Distribution Static Synchronous Compensator (DSTATCOM) is a shunt compensating device which is used
to improve current profile by exchanging of reactive power with unbalanced and nonlinear load. DSTATCOM is a
shunt compensating device used for power quality improvement in distribution systems. Relevant solutions are
applied for harmonics, fluctuation of voltage, voltage deviation, unbalance of three phase voltage and current and
frequency deviation. Different controlling schemes such as Phase Control Method (PCM), Fryze Power Theory
(FPT), Synchronous Reference Frame Theory (SRFT) and Instantaneous Reactive Power Theory (IRPT) are used
for reactive power compensation with the help of Voltage source Inverter (VSI). In this project we are going to
balance the source current using different control schemes. The results of different source currents are compared
with a different control schemes in terms of active and reactive power and in terms of Total Harmonic Distortion
(THD) for nonlinear load using Fryze Power Theory (FPT) and Instantaneous Reactive Power Theory (IRPT).
Reference currents are generated by the different control schemes have been dynamically traced in a hysteresis
current controller. The performance of DSTATCOM for different control schemes is validated for load balancing
and harmonic elimination by using simulation models in MATLAB/SIMULINK
POWER STABILITY ANALYSIS OF A TRANSMISSION SYSTEM WITH A UNIFIED POWER FLOW C...IJITE
The unified power quality conditioner is the equipment used for regulated voltage distortion and voltage
unbalance in a power system. UPFC can enhance the power to flow through the transmission system by
controlling the power flow and voltage stability of the transmission line within their limits. This paper
presents a control scheme and Theoretical derivation of the unified power flow conditioner and the
simulation results are compared and contrasted in detail. UPFC is a combination of shunt Active and
series active power filters. UPFC contains a DC link capacitor in a single-phase voltage source inverter
with two back to back connected, three-phase three-wire and three-phase four-wire are arranged. The
fundamental target of this work is to determine the causes and impacts of power quality problems,
specifically voltage sag, voltage swell, power factor, and Total Harmonics Distortion (THD) and enhance
the power quality of a transmission system by UPFC based Transformative Intrinsic Algorithm (TIA). The
Simulation of the proposed method is developed by Mat lab Simulink software, and the simulation result
shows, the proposed method gives better solutions to control the power imbalance in the distribution
system with its cost-effectiveness.
Mitigation Unbalance Nonlinear Loads and Dissimilar Line Currents Using Shunt...INFOGAIN PUBLICATION
Power quality has grown from obscurity to a major issue in last ten years. The new technologies lead to great demand of power electronic devices that leads to a distortion the quality of voltages and currents of power system in other hand many sensitive loads need a high degree of power quality thus it is important to have the suitable solutions. Several researches and studies regarding the power quality and tray to solve the problems of nonlinear loads regarding a union case of a balance three phase and similarity of line currents, while in fact the unbalance and dissimilar cases are the prevailing cases. This paper proposed a new controller method for compensating unbalance nonlinear loads and dissimilar in line currents as well as eliminate the negative and zero sequence components of line currents using SAPF. Also the proposed control method is compared with a will known method used for compensating nonlinear loads in many researches known as instantaneous power pq theory. Finally, fuzzy logic control is used to optimize the performance of the compensator.
Generalized Unified Power Quality Conditioner UPQC System with an Improved Co...ijtsrd
This paper deals with the power quality condition which is the integration of the series active and shunt active filter the main concept is that while considering the harmonic distortion or the voltage mitigation problem of the device UPQC usually compensate various element of the power system which has a negative impact on the system by eliminating it UPQC is a reliable device due to its nominal cost and fast response with low error handing capabilities. Whenever we consider any transmission and distribution system there are many electrical loads which are very important for the facing of the voltage variation .This paper present a novel method through which we will developing a control method for shunt active filter and PQ theory based control technique for series active filter to compensate power problem in a 3 phase four wire UPQC .The purpose UPQC will improve the power quality of power distribution system under balanced and distorted load condition. The control scheme used is the hysteresis voltage controller by using a b c to d q transformation. Shraddha Bele | Pratik Ghutke ""Generalized Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) System with an Improved Control Method Under Distorted and Unbalanced Load Conditions"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-4 , June 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23659.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/23659/generalized-unified-power-quality-conditioner-upqc-system-with-an-improved-control-method-under-distorted-and-unbalanced-load-conditions/shraddha-bele
Improvement of Power Quality by using Injection Super Capacitor UPQC for BLDC...IJMTST Journal
This paper presents the operation of unified power quality conditioner (UPQC) as a universal active power
conditioning device to mitigate both current as well as voltage distortions at a distribution end of power
system network. The UPQC is designed by combining a series active power filter and shunt active power filter
which shares a common DC link capacitor and series active filter mitigate the voltage related harmonics in
power supply side and shunt active filters are mitigate the current related harmonics of non linear loads.
UPQC mitigate the harmonics and other harmonic sensitive loads. Among from them unified power quality
conditioner was widely studied by different controllers and we applied to BLDC motor for updating of load
characteristics that improve the power quality in distribution side.
report of Improvement of the Electric Power Quality Using Series Active and S...Vikram Rawani
The increase of nonlinear loads due to the proliferation of electronic equipment causes power quality in the power system to deteriorate. Harmonic current drawn from a supply by the nonlinear load results in the distortion of the supply voltage waveform at the point of common coupling (PCC) due to the source impedance. Both distorted current and voltage may cause end-user equipment to malfunction, conductors to overheat and may reduce the efficiency and life expectancy of the equipment connected at the PCC.
Improvement of the electric power quality usingVikram Rawani
A control algorithm for a three-phase hybrid power
filter is proposed.It is constituted by a series active filter and a passive filter connected in parallel with the load.
In This paper we present experimental comparative study of feedBack Linearized and Proportional Integral (PI) Controller of the DC bus voltage of three phase shunt Active Power Filter (APF). The FeedBack Linearized and PI controllers are introduced to improve tracking performance characteristics, power quality and minimized consumption of the reactive power. The algorithm used to identify the reference currents is based on the Self Tuning Filter (STF). The firing pulses of the IGBTs inverter are generated using a hysteresis current controller; which is implemented on an analogue card. Finally, the above study, under steady state and transient conditions, is illustrated with signal-flow graphs and corresponding analysis. This study was verified by experimental tests on hardware prototype based on dSPACE-1104. The experimental results show the feasibility and the effectiveness of the designed active filter, associated with Feedback Linearized and PI controllers and are capability in meeting the IEEE 519-1992 recommended harmonic standard limits.
ER Publication,
IJETR, IJMCTR,
Journals,
International Journals,
High Impact Journals,
Monthly Journal,
Good quality Journals,
Research,
Research Papers,
Research Article,
Free Journals, Open access Journals,
erpublication.org,
Engineering Journal,
Science Journals,
Design of shunt active power filter to mitigate harmonicsager alswed
The designed three phase SAPF based on instantaneous p-q theory was simulated in MATLAB /SIMULINK by using different load conditions i.e. R-L load, suddenly connected R-L load, and additional unbalance R load. Its application was successfully proved and the validity achieved by minimizing the harmonics and improving PF as summarized in Table 2. Consequently, the supply current is almost pure sinusoidal. THD observed was fund to be within the prescribed limits of 5% as recommended by IEEE-519 standard.
presentation of Conference On Electrical And Electronic Engineering 2015sager alswed
The designed three phase SAPF based on instantaneous p-q theory was simulated in MATLAB /SIMULINK by using different load conditions i.e. R-L load, suddenly connected R-L load, and additional unbalance R load. Its application was successfully proved and the validity achieved by minimizing the harmonics and improving PF as summarized in Table 2. Consequently, the supply current is almost pure sinusoidal. THD observed was fund to be within the prescribed limits of 5% as recommended by IEEE-519 standard.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
Mitigation of the Harmonics under Reactive Power Compensation by SHPF-TCR Usi...IJERA Editor
In this paper, a combined system of a thyristor-controlled reactor (TCR) and a shunt hybrid power filter
(SHPF)has been designed by MATLAB/SIMULINK approach for harmonic and reactive power compensation.
The quality of the power is effected by many factors like harmonic contamination, due to the increment of nonlinear
loads, sag and swell due to the switching of the loads etc. Also control schemes based on PI and Fuzzy
logic controllers have been proposed to mitigate the harmonics and neutral current . The proposed methodology
not only reduces the complexity but also offers simplicity to implement and increases reliability of the system.
These control strategies also help in achieving a low cost highly effective control. The performance is also
observed under influence of utility side disturbances such as harmonics, flicker and spikes with Non-Linear and
Reactive Loads with different control strategies.
Power Quality Improvement in 3-Φ Power System with Shunt Active filter using ...AI Publications
Research paper focuses on enhancement of the power quality, Harmonic reduction and Reactive power compensation . Power quality problems became the foremost important concern now a days. Active filters with synchronous detection methodologies are vividly employed in distribution system to be sure that the harmonics generated by non-linear loads is reduced and leads to less voltage distortion and leads to lesser power superiority problems. The three physical characteristics that mostly underline the power quality and a power quality issues are Voltage, Current and Frequency. Harmonics is defined as a disturbance demonstrated in current or voltage or frequency waveforms which result in devastation, or failure of final equipment ..This paper examines the control of Shunt Active Power Filter with Synchronous Detection Method . Simulation results using MATLAB SIMULINK demonstrates the application of these methods to the control of Active Power Filter . Moreover, this work shows that how the power quality improvement in 3 phase is done with Synchronous Detection Method .
Performance Comparison of VSI Based DSTATCOM and ZSI Based DSTATCOM in A Dist...ruban8
Performance Comparison of VSI Based DSTATCOM and ZSI Based DSTATCOM in A Distribution System Network---D-STATCOM (Distribution Static Compensator) is a shunt device which is generally used to improve power quality of distribution systems. It is a device applied for correcting power factor, maintaining constant distribution voltage and mitigating current harmonics in a distribution network. In this paper, effort has been made to use ZSI based D-STATCOM in distribution system and its performance has been compared to VSI based DSTATCOM. The MATLAB/SIMULINK models have been developed to draw the conclusions.
http://www.iosrjournals.org/iosr-jeee/Papers/Vol9-issue6/Version-3/E09633035.pdf
Estimation of Harmonics in Three-phase and Six-phase (Multi- phase) Load Circ...IAES-IJPEDS
The Harmonics are very harmful within an electrical system and can have serious consequences such as reducing the life of apparatus, stress on cable and equipment etc. This paper cites extensive analytical study of harmonic characteristics of multiphase (six- phase) and three-phase system equipped with two & three level inverters for non-linear loads. Multilevel inverter has elevated voltage capability with voltage limited devices; low harmonic distortion; abridged switching losses. Multiphase technology also pays a promising role in harmonic reduction. Matlab simulation is carried out to compare the advantage of multi-phase over three phase systems equipped with two or three level inverters for non-linear load harmonic reduction.The extensive simulation results are presented based on case studies.
Power system harmonics are a menace to electric power system with disastrous consequence. Due to the presence of non linear load, power quality of the system gets affected. To overcome this, shunt active power filter have been used near harmonic producing loads or at the point of common coupling to block current harmonics. The shunt active power filter is designed to minimize harmonics in source current and reactive power in the non linear power supplies which are creating harmonics. In this paper, Instantaneous power of p-q theory is employed to generate the reference currents and PI controller is used to control the dc link voltage. In addition to this, Artificial Intelligence (AI) technique is used to minimize the harmonics produced by nonlinear load. The main objective of this paper is to analyze and compare THD of the source current with PI controller and by artificial neural network based back propagation algorithm. The proposed system is designed with MATLAB/SIMULINK environment.
Design and Simulation of Power Factor Correction Boost Converter using Hyster...ijtsrd
Nowadays various power converters like AC DC or DC DC are widely used due to their flexible output voltage and high efficiency. But these converters take the current in the form of pulses from the utility grid so that the high Total Harmonic Distortion THD and poor Power Factor PF are the major disadvantages of these converters. Hence there is a continuous need for PF improvement and reduction of line current harmonics. The most popular topology for Active Power Factor Correction APFC is a boost converter as it draws continuous input current. This input current can be manipulated by Hysteresis control technique. The boost converter can perform this type of active power factor correction in many discontinuous and continuous modes. The design and simulation of boost converter with power factor correction in continuous conduction mode is represented by using MATLAB SIMULINK software. Yu Yu Khin | Yan Aung Oo "Design and Simulation of Power Factor Correction Boost Converter using Hysteresis Control" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd27905.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/27905/design-and-simulation-of-power-factor-correction-boost-converter-using-hysteresis-control/yu-yu-khin
Simulation and Design of SRF based Control Algorithm for Three Phase Shunt Ac...idescitation
Active power filters are effective in mitigating line
current harmonics and compensating for the reactive power
in the line. There are basically two types of Active Power
Filters (APFs): shunt type and series type. Shunt active power
filters (SAPFs) represent the most important and most widely
used filters in industrial purposes, this is due not only to the
fact that eliminate the harmonic current but also they are
suitable for a wide range of power ratings. In this paper,
Synchronous Reference Frame (SRF) theory is employed to
calculate compensating currents while the three phase source
is feeding a highly non-linear load. The main objective is to
study and investigate the performance of Shunt active power
filter using SRF theory. The algorithm is simulated under
M ATLAB
7.8
environment
using
Simulinkand
SimPowerSystems toolbox. The results shown are within the
IEEE Standard 512-1992.
Power System Harmonic Compensation Using Shunt Active Power FilterIJERA Editor
This paper shows the method of improving the power quality using shunt active power filter. The proposedtopic comprises of PI controller, filter hysteresis current control loop, dc link capacitor. The switching signal generation for filter is fromhysteresis current controller techniques. With the all these element shunt active power filter reduce the total harmonic distortion. Thispaper represents the simulation and analysis of the using three phase three wire system active filter to compensate harmonics .Theproposed shunt active filter model uses balanced non-linear load. This paper successfully lowers the THD within IEEE norms and satisfactorily works to compensatecurrent harmonics.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
A Shunt Active Power Filter for 12 Pulse Converter Using Source Current Detec...IAES-IJPEDS
A shunt Active Power Filter (APF) with current detection at the source side
is considered as a closed-loop system from the view of the whole power
distribution system, which is expected with better harmonics filtering
performance compared with conventional current detection methods such as
load current detection and open loop control. This paper introduces an
efficient source current detection method (direct) control scheme to mitigate
the grid current harmonics generated by the twelve pulse converter. The
proposed system uses Control Rectifier (12 –pulse converter) which
efficiently regulates the DC voltage by varying the angle of each 6 pulse
converter. Moreover, the proposed system uses three winding transformer
which eliminates the harmonics during equal angles switching at each six
pulse converter which in turn simplifies the operation of the SAPF. The
proposed system is simulated in MATLAB SIMULINK to evaluate the
performance of the proposed system.
Power Flow Control In A Transmission Line Using Unified Power Flow ControllerIJMER
This paper concentrates on FACT device UPFC which is used for powerflow control in the
transmission side. With the growing demand of electricity, it is not possible to erect new lines to face the
situation. Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) makes use of the thyristor controlled devices and optimally
utilizes the existing transmission network. One of such device is Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) on
which the emphasis is given in this present work. Real, reactive power, and voltage balance of the unified
power-flow control (UPFC) system is analyzed. A novel coordination controller is proposed for the UPFC.
The basic control method is such that the shunt converter controls the transmission line reactive power
flow and the dc-link voltage. The series converter controls the real power flow in the transmission line and
the UPFC bus voltages. Experimental works have been conducted to verify the effectiveness of the
UPFC in power flow control in the transmission line. The simulation model was done in
MATLAB/SIMULINK platform.
Improvement of the electric power quality usingVikram Rawani
A control algorithm for a three-phase hybrid power
filter is proposed.It is constituted by a series active filter and a passive filter connected in parallel with the load.
In This paper we present experimental comparative study of feedBack Linearized and Proportional Integral (PI) Controller of the DC bus voltage of three phase shunt Active Power Filter (APF). The FeedBack Linearized and PI controllers are introduced to improve tracking performance characteristics, power quality and minimized consumption of the reactive power. The algorithm used to identify the reference currents is based on the Self Tuning Filter (STF). The firing pulses of the IGBTs inverter are generated using a hysteresis current controller; which is implemented on an analogue card. Finally, the above study, under steady state and transient conditions, is illustrated with signal-flow graphs and corresponding analysis. This study was verified by experimental tests on hardware prototype based on dSPACE-1104. The experimental results show the feasibility and the effectiveness of the designed active filter, associated with Feedback Linearized and PI controllers and are capability in meeting the IEEE 519-1992 recommended harmonic standard limits.
ER Publication,
IJETR, IJMCTR,
Journals,
International Journals,
High Impact Journals,
Monthly Journal,
Good quality Journals,
Research,
Research Papers,
Research Article,
Free Journals, Open access Journals,
erpublication.org,
Engineering Journal,
Science Journals,
Design of shunt active power filter to mitigate harmonicsager alswed
The designed three phase SAPF based on instantaneous p-q theory was simulated in MATLAB /SIMULINK by using different load conditions i.e. R-L load, suddenly connected R-L load, and additional unbalance R load. Its application was successfully proved and the validity achieved by minimizing the harmonics and improving PF as summarized in Table 2. Consequently, the supply current is almost pure sinusoidal. THD observed was fund to be within the prescribed limits of 5% as recommended by IEEE-519 standard.
presentation of Conference On Electrical And Electronic Engineering 2015sager alswed
The designed three phase SAPF based on instantaneous p-q theory was simulated in MATLAB /SIMULINK by using different load conditions i.e. R-L load, suddenly connected R-L load, and additional unbalance R load. Its application was successfully proved and the validity achieved by minimizing the harmonics and improving PF as summarized in Table 2. Consequently, the supply current is almost pure sinusoidal. THD observed was fund to be within the prescribed limits of 5% as recommended by IEEE-519 standard.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
Mitigation of the Harmonics under Reactive Power Compensation by SHPF-TCR Usi...IJERA Editor
In this paper, a combined system of a thyristor-controlled reactor (TCR) and a shunt hybrid power filter
(SHPF)has been designed by MATLAB/SIMULINK approach for harmonic and reactive power compensation.
The quality of the power is effected by many factors like harmonic contamination, due to the increment of nonlinear
loads, sag and swell due to the switching of the loads etc. Also control schemes based on PI and Fuzzy
logic controllers have been proposed to mitigate the harmonics and neutral current . The proposed methodology
not only reduces the complexity but also offers simplicity to implement and increases reliability of the system.
These control strategies also help in achieving a low cost highly effective control. The performance is also
observed under influence of utility side disturbances such as harmonics, flicker and spikes with Non-Linear and
Reactive Loads with different control strategies.
Power Quality Improvement in 3-Φ Power System with Shunt Active filter using ...AI Publications
Research paper focuses on enhancement of the power quality, Harmonic reduction and Reactive power compensation . Power quality problems became the foremost important concern now a days. Active filters with synchronous detection methodologies are vividly employed in distribution system to be sure that the harmonics generated by non-linear loads is reduced and leads to less voltage distortion and leads to lesser power superiority problems. The three physical characteristics that mostly underline the power quality and a power quality issues are Voltage, Current and Frequency. Harmonics is defined as a disturbance demonstrated in current or voltage or frequency waveforms which result in devastation, or failure of final equipment ..This paper examines the control of Shunt Active Power Filter with Synchronous Detection Method . Simulation results using MATLAB SIMULINK demonstrates the application of these methods to the control of Active Power Filter . Moreover, this work shows that how the power quality improvement in 3 phase is done with Synchronous Detection Method .
Performance Comparison of VSI Based DSTATCOM and ZSI Based DSTATCOM in A Dist...ruban8
Performance Comparison of VSI Based DSTATCOM and ZSI Based DSTATCOM in A Distribution System Network---D-STATCOM (Distribution Static Compensator) is a shunt device which is generally used to improve power quality of distribution systems. It is a device applied for correcting power factor, maintaining constant distribution voltage and mitigating current harmonics in a distribution network. In this paper, effort has been made to use ZSI based D-STATCOM in distribution system and its performance has been compared to VSI based DSTATCOM. The MATLAB/SIMULINK models have been developed to draw the conclusions.
http://www.iosrjournals.org/iosr-jeee/Papers/Vol9-issue6/Version-3/E09633035.pdf
Estimation of Harmonics in Three-phase and Six-phase (Multi- phase) Load Circ...IAES-IJPEDS
The Harmonics are very harmful within an electrical system and can have serious consequences such as reducing the life of apparatus, stress on cable and equipment etc. This paper cites extensive analytical study of harmonic characteristics of multiphase (six- phase) and three-phase system equipped with two & three level inverters for non-linear loads. Multilevel inverter has elevated voltage capability with voltage limited devices; low harmonic distortion; abridged switching losses. Multiphase technology also pays a promising role in harmonic reduction. Matlab simulation is carried out to compare the advantage of multi-phase over three phase systems equipped with two or three level inverters for non-linear load harmonic reduction.The extensive simulation results are presented based on case studies.
Power system harmonics are a menace to electric power system with disastrous consequence. Due to the presence of non linear load, power quality of the system gets affected. To overcome this, shunt active power filter have been used near harmonic producing loads or at the point of common coupling to block current harmonics. The shunt active power filter is designed to minimize harmonics in source current and reactive power in the non linear power supplies which are creating harmonics. In this paper, Instantaneous power of p-q theory is employed to generate the reference currents and PI controller is used to control the dc link voltage. In addition to this, Artificial Intelligence (AI) technique is used to minimize the harmonics produced by nonlinear load. The main objective of this paper is to analyze and compare THD of the source current with PI controller and by artificial neural network based back propagation algorithm. The proposed system is designed with MATLAB/SIMULINK environment.
Design and Simulation of Power Factor Correction Boost Converter using Hyster...ijtsrd
Nowadays various power converters like AC DC or DC DC are widely used due to their flexible output voltage and high efficiency. But these converters take the current in the form of pulses from the utility grid so that the high Total Harmonic Distortion THD and poor Power Factor PF are the major disadvantages of these converters. Hence there is a continuous need for PF improvement and reduction of line current harmonics. The most popular topology for Active Power Factor Correction APFC is a boost converter as it draws continuous input current. This input current can be manipulated by Hysteresis control technique. The boost converter can perform this type of active power factor correction in many discontinuous and continuous modes. The design and simulation of boost converter with power factor correction in continuous conduction mode is represented by using MATLAB SIMULINK software. Yu Yu Khin | Yan Aung Oo "Design and Simulation of Power Factor Correction Boost Converter using Hysteresis Control" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd27905.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/27905/design-and-simulation-of-power-factor-correction-boost-converter-using-hysteresis-control/yu-yu-khin
Simulation and Design of SRF based Control Algorithm for Three Phase Shunt Ac...idescitation
Active power filters are effective in mitigating line
current harmonics and compensating for the reactive power
in the line. There are basically two types of Active Power
Filters (APFs): shunt type and series type. Shunt active power
filters (SAPFs) represent the most important and most widely
used filters in industrial purposes, this is due not only to the
fact that eliminate the harmonic current but also they are
suitable for a wide range of power ratings. In this paper,
Synchronous Reference Frame (SRF) theory is employed to
calculate compensating currents while the three phase source
is feeding a highly non-linear load. The main objective is to
study and investigate the performance of Shunt active power
filter using SRF theory. The algorithm is simulated under
M ATLAB
7.8
environment
using
Simulinkand
SimPowerSystems toolbox. The results shown are within the
IEEE Standard 512-1992.
Power System Harmonic Compensation Using Shunt Active Power FilterIJERA Editor
This paper shows the method of improving the power quality using shunt active power filter. The proposedtopic comprises of PI controller, filter hysteresis current control loop, dc link capacitor. The switching signal generation for filter is fromhysteresis current controller techniques. With the all these element shunt active power filter reduce the total harmonic distortion. Thispaper represents the simulation and analysis of the using three phase three wire system active filter to compensate harmonics .Theproposed shunt active filter model uses balanced non-linear load. This paper successfully lowers the THD within IEEE norms and satisfactorily works to compensatecurrent harmonics.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
A Shunt Active Power Filter for 12 Pulse Converter Using Source Current Detec...IAES-IJPEDS
A shunt Active Power Filter (APF) with current detection at the source side
is considered as a closed-loop system from the view of the whole power
distribution system, which is expected with better harmonics filtering
performance compared with conventional current detection methods such as
load current detection and open loop control. This paper introduces an
efficient source current detection method (direct) control scheme to mitigate
the grid current harmonics generated by the twelve pulse converter. The
proposed system uses Control Rectifier (12 –pulse converter) which
efficiently regulates the DC voltage by varying the angle of each 6 pulse
converter. Moreover, the proposed system uses three winding transformer
which eliminates the harmonics during equal angles switching at each six
pulse converter which in turn simplifies the operation of the SAPF. The
proposed system is simulated in MATLAB SIMULINK to evaluate the
performance of the proposed system.
Power Flow Control In A Transmission Line Using Unified Power Flow ControllerIJMER
This paper concentrates on FACT device UPFC which is used for powerflow control in the
transmission side. With the growing demand of electricity, it is not possible to erect new lines to face the
situation. Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) makes use of the thyristor controlled devices and optimally
utilizes the existing transmission network. One of such device is Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) on
which the emphasis is given in this present work. Real, reactive power, and voltage balance of the unified
power-flow control (UPFC) system is analyzed. A novel coordination controller is proposed for the UPFC.
The basic control method is such that the shunt converter controls the transmission line reactive power
flow and the dc-link voltage. The series converter controls the real power flow in the transmission line and
the UPFC bus voltages. Experimental works have been conducted to verify the effectiveness of the
UPFC in power flow control in the transmission line. The simulation model was done in
MATLAB/SIMULINK platform.
Decomposition of current through active power filter for compensating harmoni...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Unified Power Quality Conditioner Model Based with Series and Shunt FiltersIAES-IJPEDS
With the increase of the complexion in the power distribution system, it is very possible that several kinds of power quality disturbances are happened in a power distribution system simultaneously.This paper proposes a unified power quality conditioner (UPQC) including a series and a shunt active power filter (APF) to compensate harmonics in both the distorted supply voltage and nonlinear load current. In the series APF control scheme, a proportional-integral (PI) controller, meanwhile a PI controller and are designed in the shunt APF control scheme to relieve harmonic currents produced by nonlinear loads. The DC voltage is maintained constant using Two degree of freedom proportional integral voltage controller (2DoFPI). The performance of the proposed UPQC is significantly improved compared to the conventional control strategy. The feasibility of the proposed UPQC control scheme is validated through the simulations.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
We would send hard copy of Journal by speed post to the address of correspondence author after online publication of paper.
We will dispatched hard copy to the author within 7 days of date of publication
Power Quality Improvement Fuzzy Logical Controlled Based on Cascaded Shunt Ac...IJMTST Journal
Improve its quality and reliability catches growing interest. In this paper, based on the analysis and
modeling of the shunt APF with close-loop control, a feed forward compensation path of load current and also
fuzzy logic control is applied to improve the dynamic performance of the APF.. The two H-bridge cascaded
inverter is used for the aeronautical APF (AAPF). Justifications for topology choosing and corresponding
system control method are given. Furthermore, the global framework and operation principle of the proposed
AAPF are presented in detail. Simulated waveforms in different load conditions indicate the good
performance of the AAPF.
UPFC in order to Enhance the Power System ReliabilityIJMER
The maintenance and reliability of the power system has become a major aspect of study. The
solution is the use of FACTS devices especially the use of UPFC. Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC)
is the most widely used FACTS device to control the power flow and to optimize the system stability in the
transmission line. It is used to control the power flow in the transmission systems by controlling the
impedance, voltage magnitude and phase angle. This controller offers advantages in terms of static and
dynamic operation of the power system. The UPFC with its various modes of operation is understood.
Second, the operation of control system used in its converters is also studied. Finally by help of modeling
of a power system in SIMULINK / MATLAB SIMPOWERSYSTEM and by installing single phase UPFC
in transmission link, its use as power flow controller and voltage injection and constructing a lab scale
model of UPFC is discussed also.
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A New Approach to Powerflow Management in Transmission System Using Interline...IJERA Editor
In this paper a new approach to power flow management in transmission system using interline Power Flow
Controller (IPFC) is proposed and model for IPFC is developed and simulate by MATLAB software. Interline
Power Flow Controller is a versatile device can be used to control power flows of a multi-line system or subnetworks
An Interline Power Flow Controller (IPFC) is a converter based FACTS controller for series
compensation with capability of controlling power flow among multi-lines within the same corridor of the
transmission line. It consists of two or more Voltage Source Converters (VSCs) with a common dc-link. Real
power can be transferred via the common dc-link between the VSCs and each VSC is capable of exchanging
reactive power with its own transmission system
Harmonic Compensation for Non Linear Load Using PWM Based Active Filteridescitation
In this paper the elimination of the current harmon-
ics of injected by nonlinear loads is investigated. The active
power filter proposed in this study is a Single phase voltage
source inverter (VSI) connecting to the AC mains. The dspic
controller is used to control the operation of the switches of
the inverter. Active filtering is achieved through PWM in-
verter connected next to a given nonlinear load or at the point
of the common coupling (PCC). The simulation results show
that how well the filter eliminates the harmonics of the source
current.
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2. 58 International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology
A New Topology for Power Quality Improvement using 3-Phase 4-Wire UPQC with Reduced
DC-Link Voltage Rating
system which doesn't need power factor correction
capacitor. Also, we cannot depend on this capacitor
to filter out those harmonics. This is one of the
reasons that the research is being done in the area
of APF and less pollutant drives. Loads, such as,
diode bridge rectifier or a thyristor bridge feeding a
highly inductive load, presenting themselves as
current source at point of common coupling (PCC),
can be effectively compensated by connecting an
APF in shunt with the load . On the other hand,
there are loads, such as Diode Bridge having a high
dc link capacitive filter. These types of loads are
gaining more and more importance mainly in forms
of AC to DC power supplies and front end AC to DC
converters for AC motor drives. For these types of
loads APF has to be connected in series with the
load. The voltage injected in series with the load by
series APF is made to follow a control law such that
the sum of this injected voltage and the input
voltage is sinusoidal. Thus, if utility voltages are
non-sinusoidal or unbalanced, due to the presence
of other clients on the same grid, proper selection
of magnitude and phase for the injected voltages
will make the voltages at load end to be balanced
and sinusoidal.
The shunt APF acts as a current source and
inject a compensating harmonic current in order to
have sinusoidal, in-phase input current and the
series APF acts as a voltage source and inject a
compensating voltage in order to have sinusoidal
load voltage. The developments in the digital
electronics, communications and in process
control system have increased the number of
sensitive loads that require ideal sinusoidal supply
voltage for their proper operation. In order to meet
limits proposed by standards it is necessary to
include some sort of compensation. In the last few
years, solutions based on combination of series
active and shunt active filter have appeared. Its
main purpose is to compensate for supply voltage
and load current imperfections, such as sags,
swells, interruptions, imbalance, flicker, voltage
imbalance, harmonics, reactive currents, and
current unbalance. This combination of series and
shunt APF is called as Unified Power Quality
Conditioner (UPQC). In most of the articles control
techniques suggested are complex requiring
different kinds of transformations. The control
technique presented here is very simple and does
not require any transformation.
III. TOPOLOGY BASED CLASSIFICATION
AF’s can be classified based on the topology used
as series or shunt filters, and unified power quality
conditioners use a combination of both.
Combinations of active series and passive shunt
filtering are known as hybrid filters. Fig .3 is an
example of an active shunt filter, which is most
widely used to eliminate current harmonics,
reactive power compensation (also known as
STATCOM), and balancing unbalanced currents. It
is mainly used at the load end, because current
harmonics are injected by nonlinear loads. It
injects equal compensating currents, opposite in
phase, to cancel harmonics and/or reactive
components of the nonlinear load current at the
point of connection. It can also be used as a static
VAR generator (STATCOM) in the power system
network for stabilizing and improving the voltage
profile.
Fig.1 Current fed type AF
Fig.2 Voltage fed type AF
Fig .4 shows the basic block of a stand-alone
active series filter. It is connected before the load in
series with the mains, using a matching
transformer, to eliminate voltage harmonics, and to
balance and regulate the terminal voltage of the
load or line. It has been used to reduce
negative-sequence voltage and regulate the voltage
on three-phase systems. It can be installed by
electric utilities to compensate voltage harmonics
and to damp out harmonic propagation caused by
3. 59 International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology
Volume: 2 | Issue: 03 | March 2016 | ISSN: 2455-3778IJMTST
resonance with line impedances and passive shunt
compensators. Fig .5 shows the hybrid filter, which
is a combination of an active series filter and
passive shunt filter. It is quite popular because the
solid-state devices used in the active series part
can be of reduced size and cost (about 5% of the
load size) and a major part of the hybrid filter is
made of the passive shunt L–C filter used to
eliminate lower order harmonics. It has the
capability of reducing voltage and current
harmonics at a reasonable cost.
Fig .3 Shunt-type AF
Fig .4 Series-type AF
Fig .5 Hybrid filter
Fig .6 Unified Power Quality Conditioner
Fig .6 shows a unified power quality conditioner
(also known as a universal AF), which is a
combination of active shunt and active series
filters. The dc-link storage element (either inductor
or dc-bus capacitor) is shared between two
current-source or voltage-source bridges operating
as active series and active shunt compensators. It
is used in single-phase as well as three-phase
configurations. It is considered an ideal AF, which
eliminates voltage and current harmonics and is
capable of giving clean power to critical and
harmonic-prone loads, such as computers,
medical equipment, etc. It can balance and
regulate terminal voltage and eliminate
negative-sequence currents. Its main drawbacks
are its large cost and control complexity because of
the large number of solid-state devices involved.
A. Supply-System-Based Classification
This classification of AF’s is based on the supply
and/or the load system having single-phase (two
wire) and three-phase (three wire or four wire)
systems. There are many nonlinear loads, such as
domestic appliances, connected to single-phase
supply systems. Some three-phase nonlinear loads
are without neutral, such as ASD’s, fed from
three-wire supply systems. There are many
nonlinear single-phase loads distributed on
four-wire three-phase supply systems, such as
computers, commercial lighting, etc. Hence, AF’s
may also be classified accordingly as two-wire,
three-wire, and four-wire types.
1. Two-Wire AF’s:
Two-wire (single phase) AF’s are used in all three
modes as active series, active shunt, and a
combination of both as unified line conditioners.
Both converter configurations, current-source
PWM bridge with inductive energy storage element
and voltage-source PWM bridge with capacitive
dc-bus energy storage elements, are used to form
two-wire AF circuits. In some cases, active filtering
4. 60 International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology
A New Topology for Power Quality Improvement using 3-Phase 4-Wire UPQC with Reduced
DC-Link Voltage Rating
is included in the power conversion stage to
improve input characteristics at the supply end.
2. Three-Wire AF’s:
Three-phase three-wire nonlinear loads, such as
ASD’s, are major applications of solid-state power
converters and, lately, many ASD’s, etc.,
incorporate AF’s in their front-end design. A large
number of publications have appeared on
three-wire AF’s with different configurations. All
the configurations shown in Figs1–Fig6. are
developed, in three-wire AF’s, with three wires on
the ac side and two wires on the dc side. Active
shunt AF’s are developed in the current-fed type
(Fig .1) or voltage-fed type with single-stage (Fig.2)
or multi-step/multilevel and multi-series
configurations. Active shunt AF’s are also designed
with three single-phase AF’s with isolation
transformers for proper voltage matching,
independent phase control, and reliable
compensation with unbalanced systems. Active
series filters are developed for stand-alone mode
(Fig.4) or hybrid mode with passive shunt filters
(Fig.5). The latter (hybrid) has become quite
popular to reduce the size of power devices and
cost of the overall system. A combination of active
series and active shunt is used for unified power
quality conditioners (Fig .6) and universal filters.
3. Four-Wire AF’s:
A large number of single-phase loads may be
supplied from three-phase mains with neutral
conductor. They cause excessive neutral current,
harmonic and reactive power burden, and
unbalance. To reduce these problems, four-wire
AF’s have been attempted. They have been
developed as: 1) active shunt mode with current
feed and voltage feed; 2) active series mode; and 3)
hybrid form with active series and passive shunt
mode.
B. Operation of Three Phase Active Power Filters
The basic configuration of a three-phase
three-wire active power filter is shown in Fig .7. The
diode bridge rectifier is used as an ideal harmonic
generator to study the performance of the Active
filter. The current-controlled voltage-source
inverter (VSI) is shown connected at the load end.
This PWM inverter consists of six switches with
anti parallels diode across each switch. The
capacitor is designed in order to provide DC voltage
with acceptable ripples. In order to assure the filter
current at any instant, the DC voltage Vdc must be
at least equal to 3/2 of the peak value of the line AC
mains voltage.
Fig .7 Configuration of the three phase, three wire Active filtering system.
Three aspects have to be considered in the design
of APF.
1. The parameters of the inverter such as inverter
switches and the values of the link
inductances.
2. Modulation method used
3. The control method used to generate the
harmonic reference template.
IV. PROPOSED UNIFIED POWER QUALITY
CONDITIONER (UPQC)
The Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) is
a more complete solution for the power quality
problem. The basic structure of this equipment is
shown in shown in Fig .4. In this figure, the UPQC
is an association of a series and shunt active filter
based on two converters with common dc link. The
series converter has the function to compensate for
the harmonic components (Including unbalances)
5. 61 International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology
Volume: 2 | Issue: 03 | March 2016 | ISSN: 2455-3778IJMTST
present in the source voltages in such a way that
the voltage on the load is sinusoidal and balanced.
Fig .8 Basic Block Diagram of UPQC
The shunt active filter has the function of
eliminating the harmonic components of nonlinear
loads in such a way that the source current is
sinusoidal and balanced. This equipment is a good
solution for the case when the voltage source
presents distortion and a harmonic sensitive load
is close to a nonlinear load asshown in Fig8.To
provide a balance, distortion-free, and constant
magnitude power to sensitive load and, at the same
time, to restrict the harmonic, unbalance, and
reactive power demanded by the load and hence to
make the overall power distribution system more
healthy, the unified power quality conditioner
(UPQC) is one of the best solutions. A unified power
quality conditioner (UPQC) is a device that is
similar in construction to a unified power flow
conditioner (UPFC). The UPQC, like a UPFC,
employs two voltage source inverters (VSIs) that are
connected to a common dc energy storage
capacitor. One of these two VSIs is connected in
series with the ac line while the other is connected
in the shunt with the same line. A UPFC is
employed in a power transmission system to
perform shunt and series compensation at the
same time. Similarly a UPQC can also perform both
the tasks in a power distribution system. A power
distribution system, on the other hand, may
contain unbalance, distortion and even dc
components. Therefore a UPQC must operate
under this environment while providing shunt or
series compensation.
A. UPQC Configurations
Unified power quality conditioners are viable
compensation devices that are used to ensure that
delivered power meets all required standards and
specifications at the point of installation.
The ideal UPQC can be represented as the
combination of avoltage-source converter (injecting
series voltage VC), a current-source converter
(injecting shunt current IC), and a common DC link
(connected to a DC capacitor). There are two
possible ways of connecting the unit to the terminal
voltage (Vt)at PCC
1. Right-shunt UPQC (Fig. 9a), where the shunt
compensator (IC) is placed at the right side of
the series compensator (VC).
2. Left-shunt UPQC (Fig. 9b), where the shunt
compensator (IC) is placed at the left side of the
series compensator (VC).
These two structures have similar features;
however, the overall characteristics of the right
shunt UPQC are superior (e.g., operation at zero
power injection/absorption mode, achieving unity
power factor at load terminals, and full reactive
power compensation). In this chapter, a
right-shunt UPQC configuration is assumed and
analyzed.
Fig. 9 Ideal UPQC Structure (a) the Right-Shunt UPQC (b)
The Left-Shunt UPQC
V. THREE PHASE FOUR WIRE (3P4W) UPQC
STRUCTURE
Generally, a 3P4W distribution system is realized
by providing a neutral conductor along with three
power conductors from generation station or by
utilizing a three-phase ∆-Y transformer at
distribution level. Fig.10 shows a 3P4W network in
which the neutral conductor is provided from the
generating station itself, where Fig. 11 shows a
3P4W distribution network considering, a ∆-Y
transformer. Assume a plant site where
three-phase three-wire UPQC is already installed to
protect a sensitive load and to restrict any entry of
distortion from load side toward utility, as shown
in Fig. 12.
If we want to upgrade the system now from 3P3W
to 3P4W due to installation of some single-phase
loads and if the distribution transformer is close to
the plant under consideration, utility would
provide the neutral conductor from this
transformer without major cost involvement. In
certain cases, this may be a costly solution because
the distribution transformer may not be situated in
close vicinity.
6. 62 International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology
A New Topology for Power Quality Improvement using 3-Phase 4-Wire UPQC with Reduced
DC-Link Voltage Rating
Fig. 10 3P4W distribution system: neutral provided from
generation station
Fig. 11 3P4W distribution system: neutral provided from
Δ-Y transformer
Recently, the utility service providers are putting
more and more restrictions on current total
harmonic distortion (THD) limits, drawn by
nonlinear loads, to control the power distribution
systems harmonic pollution. At the same time, the
use of sophisticated equipment/load has increased
significantly, and it needs clean power for its
operation. Therefore, in future distribution
systems and plant/load centers, application of
UPQC would be common.
The 3P4W topology that can be realized from
3P3W system is shown in the Fig. 12. This system
has all the advantages of general UPQC, in addition
to easy expansion of 3P3W system to 3P4W system.
Thus, this topology may play an important role in
the future 3P4W distribution system for more
advanced UPQC-based plant/load center
installation, where utilities would be having an
additional option to realize a 3P4W system just by
providing a 3P3W supply.
Fig. 12 3P3W UPQC structure
As shown in Fig. 12, the UPQC should
necessarily consist of three-phase series
transformer in order to connect one of the inverters
in the series with the line to function as a
controlled voltage source. If we could use the
neutral of three-phase series transformer to
connect a neutral wire to realize the 3P4W system,
then 3P4W system can easily be achieved from a
3P3W system (Fig. 13). The neutral current,
present if any, would flow through this fourth wire
toward transformer neutral point. Thefour-leg VSI
topology is considered to compensate the neutral
current flowing toward the transformer neutral
point. A fourth leg is added on the existing 3P3W
UPQC, such that the transformer neutral point will
be at neutral point will be at virtual zero potential.
Fig. 13 3P4W UPQC structure
This neutral current can be compensated by
using a split capacitor topology or a four-leg
voltage-source inverter (VSI) topology for a shunt
inverter. The four-leg VSI topology requires one
additional leg as compared to the split capacitor
because the split capacitor topology essentially
needs two capacitors and an extra control loop to
maintain a zero voltage error difference between
both the capacitor voltages, resulting in a more
complex control loop to maintain the dc bus voltage
at constant level.
VI. SIMULATION RESULTS
In this section UPQC, shunt VSC controller,
series VSC controller, loads and series transformer
blocks are implemented in MATLAB/SIMULINK
and also explained in detail.
A. Implementation of UPQC
Unified power quality conditioning system (UPQC)
consists of three VSCs in which two VSCs are
connected in series to the two feeders and one VSC
is connected in parallel to load end of the first
feeder. These three VSCs connected back to back
through a common dc-link capacitor. Each of the
VSCs in Fig. 14 realized by a three-phase converter
with a commutation reactor and high-pass output
filter. The commutation reactor and high-pass
7. 63 International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology
Volume: 2 | Issue: 03 | March 2016 | ISSN: 2455-3778IJMTST
output filter are connected to prevent the flow of
switching harmonics into the power supply.
Fig14. Simulink block diagram of UPQC
The purpose of UPQC is to regulate the load
voltages against voltage sags, voltage swells and
disturbances in the in the system and to
compensate the reactive and harmonic
components of nonlinear load currents.
B. Implementation of VSCs
The structure of VSC is shown in the Fig. 15
Fig. 15 Simulink block diagram of VSCs
In the internal structure of UPQC three VSCs are
present. Out of three VSCs, two VSCs are operating
as voltage controllers and one VSC is operating as
current controller. Each VSC consists of six
switches (IGBTs) are present.
C. Implementation of Series Transformer
The UPQC should necessarily consist of two
three-phase series transformer in order to connect
of the two VSCs in series with the lines to function
as a controlled voltage sources.
Fig. 16Simulink diagram of three-phase series transformer
D. Implementation of Shunt and Series
Controllers
The Simulink block diagram of shunt controller
is shown in the Fig. 17.
Fig. 17Simulink block diagram of shunt controller
transformed into the synchronous dq0 frame. A low
pass filter is used to extract the harmonics. The PI
contoller is used to regulate the dc-link capacitor
voltage.
The Simulink block diagram of series controller is
shown in the Fig. 7.9.
A
B
C
a
b
c
t5
A
B
C
a
b
c
t4
A
B
C
a
b
c
t3
A
B
C
a
b
c
t1
Discrete,
Ts = 5e-005 s.
powergui
v +
-
v +
-
Timer1
Timer
com
A
B
C
a
b
c
Three-Phase Breaker1
com
A
B
C
a
b
c
Three-Phase Breaker
A
B
C
A
B
C
N
A
B
C
Three-Phase
Programmable
Voltage Source
SHUNTSERIES
Measurements1
12
12
12
A
B
C
N
LOAD
gm
CE
gm
CE
gm
CE
gm
CE
gm
CE
gm
CE
gm
CE
gm
CE
gm
CE
gm
CE
gm
CE
gm
CE
Vdc1
Isrn
Goto2
Vdc
s21
s25s23
s12
s16
s14
s11 s15
s24 s22s26
s13
8. 64 International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology
A New Topology for Power Quality Improvement using 3-Phase 4-Wire UPQC with Reduced
DC-Link Voltage Rating
Fig. 18 Simulink block diagram of series controller
E. Simulation Results:
The simulation results with the modified topology
are shown in Figs.In this topology, the value of the
capacitor(Cf ) in the shunt active filter branch is
chosen to be 65 μF,and total dc bus voltage is
maintained at 560 V. The voltage across the series
capacitor in phase-a (vcfa) and the phase-aload
voltage (vla) are shown in Fig. From this figure, itis
clear that the voltage across the capacitor is in
phase opposition to the terminal voltage. According
to (16), the voltage across the capacitor adds to the
dc-link voltage and injects the required
compensation currents into the PCC.
Fig 19: Simulation results using conventional topology.
Terminal voltages with sag, DVR-injected voltages, and load
voltages after compensation.
Fig 20: Simulation results using conventional topology.
Shunt active filter currents
Fig 21: Simulation results using conventional topology. DC
capacitor voltage
VII. CONCLUSION
A modified UPQC topology for three-phase
four-wire system has been proposed in this paper,
which has the capability to compensate the load at
a lower dc-link voltage under non stiff source.
Design of the filter parameters for the series and
shunt active filters is explained in detail. The
proposed method is validated through simulation
and experimental studies in at three-phase
distribution system with neutral-clamped UPQC
topology (conventional). The proposed modified
topology gives the advantages of both the
conventional neutral-clamped topology and the
four-leg topology. Detailed comparative studies are
made for the conventional and modified topologies.
From the study, it is found that the modified
topology has less average switching frequency, less
THDs in the source currents, and load voltages
with reduced dc-link voltage as compared to the
conventional UPQC topology
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