This document summarizes various non-destructive testing techniques presented by Sonam Paljor, including ultrasonic testing, magnetic particle testing, eddy current testing, radiography testing, and liquid penetrant testing. It provides details on the types of faults each method can indicate, their applications, advantages, and disadvantages. The final section compares destructive and non-destructive testing, noting that non-destructive techniques allow inspection without damaging the material but require indirect measurements, while destructive testing directly measures material properties but requires loading that damages the sample.

1. DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
Presentation on
“NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING”
BY :- SONAM PALJOR(PES1201702403)

2. CONTENTS
 Ultrasonic testing
 Magnetic particle testing
 Eddy current testing
 Radiography testing
 Liquid penetrant testing
 Destructive Vs Non-destructive testing

3. ULTRASONIC TESTING
Types of faults indicated
 Crack
 Porosity
 Inclusions
 Lack of fusion
 Incomplete penetration
Applications
 All types of welded work in metallic
and non-metallic materials.

4.  Advantages of Ultrasonic testing
 portable
 Safe to use
 Fast method
 High sensitivity
 Indicates depth of flow.
 Results available immediately.
 Disadvantages of Ultrasonic testing
 Require surface contact.
 Surface must be clean and smooth.
 Unsuitable for welding of complex shape.
 Require skill operator

5. EDDY CURRENT TESTING
 Types of faults indicated
 Crack
 Porosity
 Inclusions
 Applications
 Structural testing
 Coating thickness measurement.
 Sheet resistance measurement.
 Identification of metal.

6.  Advantages of Eddy current testing
 Portable
 Can be automated
 Sensitivity to surface defects.
 Can detect through several layer.
 Can detect through surface coating.
 Accurate conducting measurement.
 Disadvantages of Ultrasonic testing
 No permanent record.(unless automated)
 Signal interpretation required.
 Will not detect defects parallel to surface.
 Not suitable for large area and complex geometries.

7. RADIOGRAPHY TESTING
 Types of faults indicated
 Cracks
 Porosity
 Inclusions
 Lack of fusion
 Incomplete penetration
 Applications
 Aerospace industries
 Military defence
 Automotive industries
 Manufacturing industries

8.  Advantages of radiography testing
 Disadvantages of radiography testing
 Good portability
 High sensitivity
 No part preparation is required.
 Permanent test record is obtained.
 Technique standardized
 Radiation hazard
 Highly directional
 Power source needed.
 Required skill operator.
 The process is generally slow.
 Equipment is an expensive.

9. LIQUID PENETRANT TESTING
 Types of faults indicated
 Cracks
 Porosity
 Inclusions
 Applications
 All welds in ferrous and non-ferrous material
and non-metallic material.

10.  Advantages of liquid penetrant testing
 Disadvantages of liquid penetrant testing
 Highly portable
 Simple method
 Relatively inexpensive
 Can be used on variety of materials
 Fairly sensitive to fine, tight discontinuities
 Rust or paint will mark defects.
 Detects surface discontinuities only.
 Test surface must be clean and dry.
 Only surface defect will be detected.
 There is no easy method to produce penetrant record.

11. MAGNETIC PARTICLE TESTING
 Types of faults indicated
 Cracks
 Porosity
 Inclusions
 Discontinuities surface
 Applications
 Welds, particularly fillet welds
 All ferro magnetic material

12.  Advantages of magnetic particle testing
 Disadvantages of magnetic particle testing
 Highly portable
 Immediate result
 Generally inexpensive
 Fast and relatively simple.
 Will work through thin coating.
 Difficult to find wide crack.
 Material must be ferromagnetic.
 Demagnetization may be needed.
 Large current sometimes required.
 Orientation and strength of magnetic field is critical.

13. DESTRUCTIVE Vs NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING
 Destructive testing  Non-destructive testing
 Measurement are direct.
 Used for find out the properties
of the material.
 Kill is required
 Special equipment is required.
 Expensive
 Load is applied on the material.
 Due to load application, material
get damaged.
 Examples
• Tensile test
• Compression test
• Hardness test
 Measurement are indirect.
 Used for find out the properties
of the material.
 Less kill
 No requirement of special equipment
 Less Expensive
 Load is not applied on the material.
 Non Load is application so, no chance
for material damaged.
 Examples
• Eddy current testing
• Ultrasonic testing
• Radiography testing

14. THANK YOU . . . !