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NON – CONVENTIONAL
ENERGY SOURCES
TIDAL ENERGY
CONTENTS
• Tidal Power.
• Basic Principle of Tidal Power.
• Characteristic of Tides.
• Operation method.
• Advantage and Disadvantage of Tidal Power.
Tidal power
• Tide - periodic rise and fall - water tends - sea.
• Tides occurs – action - sun and moon - water
of the earth.
• Dam - constructed across - mouth bay -
separate basin and sea.(consist of large gates
and hydraulic turbine)
• Gates open – water fill in tidal basin.
• Water is allowed – flow back – to sea – water
turbine - dam
Contt..
Fig;1 principle of tidal power
Basic principle of Tidal Power
• Gravitational attraction – moon(70%) and
sun(30%) – water on the earth and ocean –
produce tides.
• In a Lunar days of 24hr 50 min two tidal
cycles(2 high & 2 low).
• Time between high & low is 6 hours.
• High tides – at point directly under moon and
diametrically opposite surface of earth.
Contt…
• High tides occurs during full moon and no
moon.
Fig;2 Sea Tides
Contt…
• Variation of tidal range durning a lunar
months is as shown fig
Fig3; variation in tidal range in a lunar month
Contt…
• Tidal range – large – new moon – due to high
gravitational force of sun and moon.
• High tides – called SPRING Tide.
• Low tides – called NEAP Tides.
• Neap tides – during first & third quarters of the
moon and sun and moon are right angle to the
earth.
• Tidal vary continuously during 29.5day lunar
month.
Characteristics of TIDES
• It is a periodical phenomenon, but in any tidal cycle,
no two tides are alike.
• Influenced by the relative position of sun and moon
and their distance from earth.
• The tides at full moon and no moon are higher than
the rest.
• The tidal range is not constant and varies
continuously.
• Mean tidal range vary from place to place.
• Tidal range small at first quarter and third quarter
moon
Operation methods of utilization of
TIDAL energy
• Tidal power plant are broadly classified into
–Single basin arrangement
»Single ebb cycle system
»Single tide cycle system
»Double cycle system
–Double basin arrangement
Contt..
• Single basin arrangement
– Single ebb- cycle system
• During high tide – sluice gate – open and basin or
reservoir is allowed to get filled.( turbine shut off)
• Water level – basin rise till maximum tide level reached.
• Sluice gate are closed as soon as the ebb tide is start
(flowing back).
• During ebb water flow from higher tide to lower tide sea
level by passing through turbine by generating the
power.
Contt…
Fig;4 single ebb cycle
Contt…
–Single tide cycle system
• Power generated during flood tide.
• Sea water flow into the basin after passing
through the turbine, their by generating the
power.
• After food tide , sea level falls again and thus
stops the power generation
• Basin is drained by allowing to flow into the sea
through the sluice ways
Contt…
–Double cycle system
• Power generation takes place using both
ebb and flood tides
• Uses reversible turbines
• Turbine operates in both direction of
water flow.
• Power generate in both empty and filling
cycles.
Contt…
Contt…
• Double basin arrangement
– This arrangement provides continuous power
supply
– Two adjacent basin – upper basin, lower basin
– Dams are provide between each basin and sea and
also between two basins.
– Power house provided in dam.
– Upper basin is filled by flood tide and lower
reservoir empties at lower.
– Head between the low and higher basin always
help to continues production of electricity.
Contt…
Fig 5; Double basin arrangement
Advantages of Tidal power plant
• It is inexhaustible, independent of rain and its
uncertainty.
• It is free from pollution as it does not use any
fuel.
• As the plants are locate on the bays ,these do
not require large area of valuable land.
• It has unique capacity to meet the peak load
demand, when it works in conjunction with
thermal or hydroelectric plant
Dis-advantage of tidal power plant
• Developed only if natural sites are available
• Out from this not uniform.
• Power station is in sea water materials may
corroded.
• It may effect fishing and navigation.
• Construction of plant in sea is very difficult.
Non – conventional energy sources

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Non – conventional energy sources

  • 1.
  • 2. NON – CONVENTIONAL ENERGY SOURCES TIDAL ENERGY
  • 3. CONTENTS • Tidal Power. • Basic Principle of Tidal Power. • Characteristic of Tides. • Operation method. • Advantage and Disadvantage of Tidal Power.
  • 4. Tidal power • Tide - periodic rise and fall - water tends - sea. • Tides occurs – action - sun and moon - water of the earth. • Dam - constructed across - mouth bay - separate basin and sea.(consist of large gates and hydraulic turbine) • Gates open – water fill in tidal basin. • Water is allowed – flow back – to sea – water turbine - dam
  • 6. Basic principle of Tidal Power • Gravitational attraction – moon(70%) and sun(30%) – water on the earth and ocean – produce tides. • In a Lunar days of 24hr 50 min two tidal cycles(2 high & 2 low). • Time between high & low is 6 hours. • High tides – at point directly under moon and diametrically opposite surface of earth.
  • 7. Contt… • High tides occurs during full moon and no moon. Fig;2 Sea Tides
  • 8. Contt… • Variation of tidal range durning a lunar months is as shown fig Fig3; variation in tidal range in a lunar month
  • 9. Contt… • Tidal range – large – new moon – due to high gravitational force of sun and moon. • High tides – called SPRING Tide. • Low tides – called NEAP Tides. • Neap tides – during first & third quarters of the moon and sun and moon are right angle to the earth. • Tidal vary continuously during 29.5day lunar month.
  • 10. Characteristics of TIDES • It is a periodical phenomenon, but in any tidal cycle, no two tides are alike. • Influenced by the relative position of sun and moon and their distance from earth. • The tides at full moon and no moon are higher than the rest. • The tidal range is not constant and varies continuously. • Mean tidal range vary from place to place. • Tidal range small at first quarter and third quarter moon
  • 11. Operation methods of utilization of TIDAL energy • Tidal power plant are broadly classified into –Single basin arrangement »Single ebb cycle system »Single tide cycle system »Double cycle system –Double basin arrangement
  • 12. Contt.. • Single basin arrangement – Single ebb- cycle system • During high tide – sluice gate – open and basin or reservoir is allowed to get filled.( turbine shut off) • Water level – basin rise till maximum tide level reached. • Sluice gate are closed as soon as the ebb tide is start (flowing back). • During ebb water flow from higher tide to lower tide sea level by passing through turbine by generating the power.
  • 14. Contt… –Single tide cycle system • Power generated during flood tide. • Sea water flow into the basin after passing through the turbine, their by generating the power. • After food tide , sea level falls again and thus stops the power generation • Basin is drained by allowing to flow into the sea through the sluice ways
  • 15. Contt… –Double cycle system • Power generation takes place using both ebb and flood tides • Uses reversible turbines • Turbine operates in both direction of water flow. • Power generate in both empty and filling cycles.
  • 17. Contt… • Double basin arrangement – This arrangement provides continuous power supply – Two adjacent basin – upper basin, lower basin – Dams are provide between each basin and sea and also between two basins. – Power house provided in dam. – Upper basin is filled by flood tide and lower reservoir empties at lower. – Head between the low and higher basin always help to continues production of electricity.
  • 18. Contt… Fig 5; Double basin arrangement
  • 19. Advantages of Tidal power plant • It is inexhaustible, independent of rain and its uncertainty. • It is free from pollution as it does not use any fuel. • As the plants are locate on the bays ,these do not require large area of valuable land. • It has unique capacity to meet the peak load demand, when it works in conjunction with thermal or hydroelectric plant
  • 20. Dis-advantage of tidal power plant • Developed only if natural sites are available • Out from this not uniform. • Power station is in sea water materials may corroded. • It may effect fishing and navigation. • Construction of plant in sea is very difficult.