1. A Seminar Presentation on
Tidal Energy
Presented by:
Sakshyam Rai
1403040093
Presented to:
Dr. PK Gupta
Mr. Arpit Rastogi
Faculty Incharge
A non conventional energy resource
2. Contents
• Relevancy of the topic
• Introduction
• Knowledge of Tides, its form
• Components of Tidal Powerplant
• Types of Turbine
• Generating Methods
• Modes of operations
• Latest advancements
• Advantage and Didasvantages
• Improvements possible
• Scope in Indian Prespective
3. TIDAL ENERGY
Also known as Tidal Power, is a form of hydropower that
converts the energy of tides into useful forms of energy- mainly
electricity.
4. 2011: 19X0.001%= 0.00019%
2010: 0.00017%
2009: 0.00016%
But, potential of the ocean currents is to
produce 450TW, which is 1.8 million times
the current production
Source: Energy info administration, annual
energy outlook, 2013
Development over the years
5. First Tidal power station
Rance tidal Power plant
1960-1966
La Rance, France
240MW capacity (satisfies 0.012%
of power demand of france)
2nd biggest tidal power station
6. A TIDE
Tides are the rising and falling of Earth’s ocean surface,
caused by the gravitational attracrtion by the celestial bodies.
Tidal Force
The Tidal Force is the vectorial difference between the
gravitational force of the Earth and that of moon.
*Tidal energy is the only type of energy, whose source is MOON
7. Tides Classifications: I
Semidiurnal Tides eg. Gulf of mexico
Mixed Tides eg. Moon passing through
equator
Diurnal Tides most common type
Tides Classifications: II
Spring tides
Both sun and moon, pulls in same line
Neap Tides
Moon in quadrature wrt Sun (90 degrees)
8. Principles of Tidal Power station
Barrages make use of
Potential energy from the
difference in height of the
high and low tides.
9. Tidal stream systems use
the kinetic energy from the
moving water currents to
power turbines, in a similar
way of that of the wind mills.
10. Components of Tidal Power Plant:
Gates and Locks
Power house
Turbines
Sluices
Embankment
11. Types of turbines used:
1. Propeller type
Used at Medium or low head
Usually at Vertical channel
Not suitable
2. Tube Turbine
For lower heads
Generator is placed outside water
3. Bulb Turbines
Used in Horizontal flow
Most used
Generator is placed within a bulb like structure
12. Generating Methods
1. Tidal Steam Generator
Uses KE of flowing water
Can be also installed in the river, straits
Conceived in 1970s
Cheapest and least damaging
Compared to wind turbines:
Similar power at water speed of 2 knots
4x power at 4-6 knots
13. TSG
Axial Turbines- close in concept to traditional wind mills, most used
too.
Cross Flow Turbines- Invented in 1923, can be installed either
vertical or horizontally only
Flow augmented/Venturi- Use of ducts to augment the flow going
into turbine, signficant increase in power, can operate at slower
velocities, growing technology
14. 2. Tidal Barrage
Uses PE of water
Uses a dam like structure
2 flow directions
Oldest method
It has 3 types
1. Ebb Generation
2. Floor Generation
3. Dual Flow
15. Tidal Barrage- Ebb Generation
Basin is filled with incoming high tide current
Sluice gates are closed
When outside water level is low enough, gates are opened to allow
water going out, through turbines
16. Tidal Barrage- Flood generation
The basin is emptied with low tide.
Sluice gates are closed
When water level outside is high enough, gates are opened to allow
water through turbines
17. Latest Advancements
1. Tidal Lagoon
A new tidal energy design option is to construct circular retaining walls
embedded with turbines that can capture the potential energy of tides.
It’s a combination of Flood and Ebb.
The proposed Tidal Lagoon Swansea Bay in Wales, United Kingdom
would be the first tidal power station of this type once built
18. Latest advancements
2. Dynamic tidal power
Untried but promising technology (SINCE 1997)
It proposes that very long dams (for example: 30–50 km length) be
built from coasts straight out into the sea or ocean, without enclosing
an area.
Consists of parallel barrier to cause
water level differences.
China, Korea and UK are working
on it.
19. Operation Methods
Single Basin System
Ebb Method
Flood Method
Two way Power generation
Double Basin system
20. Biggest Power Plants in the world
The biggest tidal powerplants in current time are the tidal barrage type ones.
These are:
(Just to have a reference for comparison, the biggest hydro electricity plant
in the world produces 22500 MW)
21. SCOPE
Developing nations
which could receive
significant benefits:
Indian Ocean: Comoros, Madagascar, Maldives, Seychelles
Asia: India, China, Korea, Vietnam
Pacific Ocean: Fiji, Kiribati, Timor, Samoa, PNG
Central and south America: Argebtina, Brazil, Equador, Panama
Atlantic Oceans: Cape Verde
22. Scope (Indian perspective)
In 2011, there was an announcement that a tidal powerplant
will be constructed in the Gulf of Kutch, Gujrat. Wth initial
capacity of 50MW, it was to be expanded to 200 MW. In
2016, there was a news that government would tie up with an
Israeli firm to setup tidal power plants in Goa.
Acc to estimates of Indian govt, the country has a potential of
8000 MW of tidal energy. Thus include about 7000 MW, in
Gulf of Cambay in Gujrat, 1200 MW in gulf of Kutch and 100
MW in Gangetic delta in Sunderbans region in West Bengal.
23. Tidal Power
Advantages
Completely Renewable
Tides behaviour is more
predictable than solar and
wind
New technologies are
bringing down the cost and
increasing the efficiency
Disadvantages
• High cost
• Limited availability of proper
sites
• Adverse effects on marine life
• Lack of studies and R&D
24. Improvement Opportunities
Interfacing the TPS ouyput with the national grids
Assessment of the economic interests, in order to promote or
sell new ideas.
New projects for unexplored areas
Studies to minimize the environmental impact
Optimizing existing schemes