This document discusses and compares several common network topologies: bus, star, ring, and mesh. It provides details on how each topology is configured and its advantages and disadvantages. The bus topology connects all devices to a common central cable, making it inexpensive but causing the entire network to fail if the cable fails. The star topology uses a central switch and point-to-point links, avoiding single points of failure but requiring more cabling. Ring topologies form a closed loop through each node but are expensive to install. Mesh topologies connect every node directly to every other for reliability but are also very expensive due to extensive cabling requirements.

1. NETWORK TOPOLOGIES

2. PRESENTED BY
MUSA ALI
&
IMADUL ISLAM

3.  INTRODUCTION
 BUS TOPOLOGY
 RING TOPOLOGY
 STAR TOPOLOGY
 MESH TOPOLOGY

4.  The configurations of network components
 Widely used network topologies
 Bus
 Star
 Ring
 Mesh
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5.  Most simple network topology
 All devices connected to a common central cable
(wire or other media )
 Inexpensive
 Easily expanded
 If cable fails, the entire network will shut down
 Earlier Ethernet commonly implement a bus topology
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7.  Star topology is centered around central routing
device called a switch or a hub by point-to-point
links.
 All network nodes connect to the hub
 Easy to install and update
 If hub fails, network fails
 Disadvantage that it require more cabling therefore,
higher cost than the bus.
 Extended star
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9. • Each node connected to two other nodes in a ring
• Similar to the buss, but with the ends of the buss
connected together by unidirectional transmission
link to form a single closed loop.
• Each station on the network connects to the network
at a repeater.
• Expensive and difficult to install
• One example of a ring topology is Token Ring
networks
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11.  Sending a message:
 There is a special message, called token;
 Exactly one token exists on the ring at any time which is passed
along the ring;
 To send data, a computer waits for the token to arrive, and then
transmits one message;
 The message is transmitted to the next computer, and then to
the next, until it arrives back to the sender.
 After the message is transmitted, the computer holding the
token, passes the token to the next computer in the ring.
• Dual-Ring
– Tow rings allow data to be sent in both directions
– Creates redundancy.

12. • Every node connected to every other node
• Fast
• Reliable
– No hub or bus to fail
– If one device goes down, it is the only node affected
• Expensive
– Every node must be wired to every other node
• Difficult to add nodes
– If there are 32 nodes in a mesh network and you wish to
add a new node, how many new cables must you add?
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