Network Topology

1. Class Work-10
Topic Name : Network Topology
Course Title:Computer Networks Theory
Course Code: CSE-317
Submitted To
Pranab Bandhu Nath
Senior Lecturer
Department Of CSE
City University
Submitted By
Khondoker Sadia
Id:1834902542
Semester:8th
Batch:49th

2. Network topology
Network topology is the systematically arrangement of the elements (links, nodes, etc.) of a
communication network. Network topology can be used to make understand that it is the
arrangement of various types of telecommunication networks which includes command and
control radio networks, industrial field busses and other essential network.
What are the types of network topology?
1. Bus Topology A bus topology is multipoint. One long cable act as a backbone to link all
the devices in a network. Nodes are connected to the bus cable by drop lines and taps.
2. Ring Topology In a ring topology each device is linked to only its immediate neighbors.
To add or delete a device requires changing only two connections.
3. Star Topology In a star topology, each device has a dedicated point-to-point link only to
a central controller, usually called a hub. The devices are not directly linked to one another.
4. Tree Topology It has a tree structure in which all the computer are connected like the
branches which are connected with the tree. In Computer Network, tree topology is called
as a combination of a Bus and Start network topology.
5. Mesh Topology In a mesh topology, every device has a dedicated point-to-point link to
every other device. The term dedicated means that the link carries traffic only between the
two devices it connects.
6. Hybrid Topology Combines two or more of the standard topologies. This can be a good
solution to create quickly link together different existing networks into a unified system.
1. Bus Topology

3. Advantages
• Easy installation
• Fewer cables required than Mesh and star topology
• Good for small businesses
• Low cost
• Easy to manage and expand
Disadvantages
• Backbone performance is critical
• Easily congested on busy periods
• Efficiency decreases rapidly with each added node
• Data can only travel in one direction at any point in time
2. Ring Topology
Advantages
• Low incidence of collision
• Low cost
• Suitable for small businesses
• Dual ring option provides continuity through redundancy

4. Disadvantages
• One faulty node will bring the entire network down
• Requires extensive preventative maintenance and monitoring
• Performance declines rapidly with each additional node
• Reorganizing the network requires a full system shutdown
3. Star Topology
Advantages
• Easy to manage from one point – the switch
• Easy to add and remove nodes
• Durable
• Low cable usage
• Good for small businesses
Disadvantages
• Requires specialist network hardware (the switch)
• Makes the network reliant on the switch’s performance
• A finite number of switch ports limits the network’s size

5. 4. Tree Topology
Advantages
• Blends bus and star topologies
• Easy to manage
• Easy to expand
• Suitable for middle-sized businesses
Disadvantages
• The network is dependent on the health of the root node
• Requires networking expertise
• Involves a lot of cable
• Larger implementations require monitoring software
• Can get expensive
5. Mesh Topology

6. Advantages
• High speeds data transfers
• Durable network that isn’t dependent on any one node
• Very secure
• Suitable for high-value networks for small to middle-sized networks
• Easy to identify faulty equipment
Disadvantages
• Requires a very large amount of cable
• Can be difficult to secrete all the cable
• Takes a long time to set up
• Requires meticulous planning
• There is a limit to the number of cables each computer can accommodate
6. Hybrid Topology
Advantages
• Very flexible
• Suitable for middle-sized and large organizations
• Infinitely extendible
• Adaptable to optimize equipment use
Disadvantages
• Requires professional management
• Needs monitoring software
• Equipment costs are high

7. References
[1] https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-tree-topology
[2] Forouzan, Behrouz A. Data Communications and Networking. New York, Mc-Graw Hill,
2007
[3] https://www.comparitech.com/net-admin/network-topologies-advantages-disadvantages