The nervous system is made up of the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS contains the brain and spinal cord, and receives and processes all sensory information. The brain is divided into three main parts and is responsible for controlling functions like temperature, appetite, and emotions. The PNS connects the CNS to the rest of the body and contains somatic and autonomic systems, with the autonomic system regulating involuntary functions and being divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic systems. The nervous system allows all parts of the body to communicate and respond to internal and external changes.

10. VIDEOCLIP

11. Our brain, a very complex body organ, is the major part
of the nervous system. The nervous system is made up of
two main divisions -- the Central
Nervous System (CNS) and the Peripheral Nervous
(PNS). The CNS is composed of the brain and the spinal
cord that receives and processes all information from all
parts of the body while the PNS includes the spinal and
cranial nerves.

12. What is the nervous system?
The nervous system is your body's decision and
communication center.
- Ability of humans to know oneself
- This distinguishes humans apart from other species
- Consciousness/intelligence
PRIMARY FUNCTON
- coordinate all activities of the body
- Enables body to respond and adopt to change both inside
and out

15. The CNS receives and processes all of the
information from all parts of the body. In other
words, it controls the entire organ system of
the body. The following are
the major parts of the CNS:

16. A. The Brain
The brain is the control center of the
nervous system. It has three main parts:
the forebrain, midbrain and hindbrain.
Moreover, it is divided into three main
regions: the cerebrum, cerebellum and brain
stem.

17. 1.

20. -controls and regulates temperature,appetite,water balance,blood
vessel constriction and dilation
- Also responsible for our emotions such as anger, fear,pleasures,pain
and affection

21. 2.
3.
- Responsible for eye and auditory reflexes
Pons - Responsible for certain reflex actions such as
chewing, tasting and saliva production
Medulla Oblongata – connects with spinal cord and
responsible for heart and blood vessel function. Responsible
for digestion, respiration,swallowing,coughing,sneezing,
blood pressure. It is also the center fro respiration

25. The spinal cord is about 40-50 cm long.
Through it, the brain and the body becomes
interconnected.
The spinal cord transmits impulses all over the
body to and from the brain. It is also responsible
for involuntary movements.

27. The PNS contains all the nerves outside the brain and
the spinal cord. It carries impulses from the sensory nerves
to the CNS and from the CNS to the motor nerves.
The PNS is further divided into two more divisions – the
somatic and autonomic nervous systems.

29. The SNS regulates the activities that are
under conscious control. It includes all the
nerves controlling the muscular system and
external sensory receptors.
Specifically, these receptors refer to the
external sense organs – the eyes, ears, nose, skin,
and tongue.

30. AFFERENT SENSORY NEURONS AND
EFFERENT SENSORY NEURONS
- these are structures that allow
communication to happen between the nerves
throughout the body
AFFERENT-conducting inward,take info from
nerve to CNS
EFFERENT- conducting outward,take info from
CNS to the body

31. The Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)
This is a part of the PNS which includes the motor
neurons that control the internal organs. This means that the
ANS regulates all activities that are considered as
involuntary or those reflexes that are done without conscious
will. Some of its functions include controlling the muscles in
the heart and the smooth muscles in the
internal organs such as the intestines, bladder and the uterus.

32. The autonomic nervous system is further subdivided into
the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems.
1. Sympathetic - It is known as the “fight or flight
which controls the internal functions of the body in times of
stress. In addition, it is responsible
for the acceleration of heart rate, the constriction of blood
vessels and the rise of blood pressure.

33. 2. Parasympathetic – It is known as the “rest and
digest” which is the opposite of the sympathetic nervous
system. It controls the internal functions at rest. Thus, it
slows down the heart rate and increases the
intestinal and gland activities.

34. The nervous system helps all the
parts of the body to communicate
with each other. It also reacts to
change both outside and inside
the body. The nervous system
uses both electrical and chemical
means to send and receive
messages.

35. ASSIGNMENT

36. Cite three (3) situations or experiences
which show that your nervous system is
working well. You can draw, take pictures or
create a video. (5 points each)

37. THANK
YOU